Early Challenges, First Political Parties

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Early Challenges, First Political Parties

• 8.2 and 8.3

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Questions

• What kinds of challenges did Washington face as
  President?
• What are the differences between Federalists and
  Democratic-Republicans?
• Who was our 2nd President?

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The Whiskey Rebellion

• Western Pennsylvania farmers made whiskey to
  trade for goods
• Alexander Hamilton wanted to collect tax
• Farmers attacked tax collectors, Washington sends
  troops and ends rebellion

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On a side note

• Kentucky and Tennessee were outside the
  jurisdiction of the U.S., so many whiskey makers
  moved to this region, establishing a long
  tradition of whiskey making

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Northwest Indian Wars

• Little Turtle
• Organized native resistance to settlers breaking
  terms of treaties
• Defeated Arthur St. Clair in 1791
• 600 U.S deaths

Mishikinakwa
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Battle of Fallen Timbers

• 1794 (present-day Toledo, Ohio)
• Tornados had felled trees around battle site
• Mad Anthony Wayne def. Little Turtle

Result Treaty of Greenville forced natives to
surrender most of Ohio
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French citizens, many of them severely
impoverished, began to actively overthrow the
monarchial power structure. Their ideals were
based in the Enlightenment movement science,
reason, logic but their methods soon turned
violent.
France soon went to war with Britain
(again). Americans were divided in their support
of the French Southerners supported the
Revolution while Northerners, many of whom traded
primarily with Britain, did not care for the
revolutionaries violent methods. Washington
issued the Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793,
banning most forms of assistance to France or
Britain.
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Washington steps down

• Resigned in 1797, establishing a precedent of
  only serving two terms
• Turned his interested to his Virginia farm
• Produced whiskey commercially
• Became ill December 12, 1799, died two days later

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The Rise of Political Parties

• Washington spoke against the formation of
  political factions, believing that they would
  divide the nation and hinder progress
• Two of GWs cabinet members were constantly
  disagreeing

Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson
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Early Political Parties

• Federalists
• Wanted a strong federal government
• Favored rule by educated, wealthy landowners
• Loose interpretation of the Constitution
• Democratic-Republicans
• Weaker federal govt, strong state govt
• Favored rule by common citizens
• Strict interpretation of the Constitution

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Presidential Election
John Adams -- Federalist
Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican
Adams received 71 electoral votes, Jefferson
received 68 During this time, the 2nd-place
finisher became Vice-President
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2nd President John Adams
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Questions

• What kinds of challenges did Washington face as
  President?
• What are the differences between Federalists and
  Democratic-Republicans?
• Who was our 2nd President?