Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

1
Rocks Mineral Mixtures
Chapter 4
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map
on the next slide.
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Rocks Mineral Mixtures
Chapter 4
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Reading
Read each of the passages. Then, answer the
questions that follow each passage.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Passage 1 The texture and composition of a rock
can provide good clues about how and where the
rock formed. Scientists use both texture and
composition to understand the origin and history
of rocks. For example, marble is a rock that is
made when limestone is metamorphosed. Only
limestone contains the mineralcalcitethat can
change into marble. Therefore, wherever
scientists find marble, they know the sediment
that created the original limestone was deposited
in a warm ocean or lake environment.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
9. In the passage, what does the word origin
mean? A size or appearance B age C location or
surroundings D source or formation
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
10. Based on the passage, what can the reader
conclude? F Marble is a sedimentary rock. G
Limestone is created by sediments deposited in
warm ocean or lake environments. H Marble is a
rock that is made when sandstone has undergone
metamorphism. I In identifying a rock, the
texture of a rock is more important than the
composition of the rock.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
11. What is the main idea of the passage? A
Scientists believe marble is the most important
rock type to study. B Scientists study the
composition and texture of a rock to determine
how the rock formed and what happened after it
formed. C Some sediments are deposited in warm
oceans and lakes. D When limestone undergoes
metamorphism, it creates marble.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Passage 2 Fulgurites are a rare type of natural
glass found in areas that have quartz-rich
sediments, such as beaches and deserts. A tubular
fulgurite forms when a lightning bolt strikes
material such as sand and melts the quartz into a
liquid. The liquid quartz cools and solidifies
quickly, and a thin, glassy tube is left behind.
Fulgurites usually have a rough outer surface and
a smooth inner surface. Continued on the next
slide
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Passage 2, continued Underground, a fulgurite
may be shaped like the roots of a tree. The
fulgurite branches out with many arms that trace
the zigzag path of the lightning bolt. Some
fulgurites are as short as your little finger,
but others stretch 20 m into the ground.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
12. In the passage, what does the word tubular
mean? A flat and sharp B round and long C funnel
shaped D pyramid shaped
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
13. From the information in the passage, what can
the reader conclude? F Fulgurites are formed
above ground. G Sand contains a large amount of
quartz. H Fulgurites are most often very small. I
Fulgurites are easy to find in sandy places.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
14. Which of the following statements best
describes a fulgurite? A Fulgurites are frozen
lightning bolts. B Fulgurites are rootlike
rocks. C Fulgurites are glassy tubes found in
deserts. D Fulgurites are natural glass tubes
formed by lightning bolts.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Interpreting Graphics
Use the diagram below to answer the questions
that follow.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
15. According to the rock cycle diagram, which of
the following statements is true? A Only
sedimentary rock gets weathered and eroded. B
Sedimentary rocks are made from metamorphic,
igneous, and sedimentary rock fragments and
minerals. C Heat and pressure create igneous
rocks. D Metamorphic rocks are created by melting
and cooling.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
16. A rock exists at the surface of the Earth.
What would be the next step in the rock cycle? F
cooling G weathering H melting I metamorphism
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
17. Which of the following processes brings rocks
to Earths surface, where they can be eroded? A
burial B deposition C uplift D weathering
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
18. Which of the following is the best summary of
the rock cycle? A. Each type of rock gets melted.
Then the magma turns into igneous, sedimentary,
and metamorphic rock. B. Magma cools to form
igneous rock. Then, the igneous rock becomes
sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock is heated and
forms metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock melts to
form magma. Choices continued on next slide
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Continued from previous slide C. All three rock
types weather to create sedimentary rock. All
three rock types melt to form magma. Magma forms
igneous rock. All three types of rock form
metamorphic rock because of heat and pressure. D.
Igneous rock is weathered to create sedimentary
rock. Sedimentary rock is melted to form igneous
rock. Metamorphic rock is weathered to form
igneous rock.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Math
Read each question, and choose the best answer.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
19. Eric has 25 rocks he has collected as a
science project for class. Nine rocks are
sedimentary, 10 are igneous, and 6 are
metamorphic. If Eric chooses a rock at random,
what is the probability that he will choose an
igneous rock? A 1/2 B 2/5 C 3/8 D 1/15
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
20. At a mineral and fossil show, Elizabeth
bought two quartz crystals that cost 2.00 each
and four trilobite fossils that cost 3.50 each.
Which equation can be used to describe c, the
total cost of her purchase? F c ? (2 ? 4) ? (2.00
? 3.50) G c ? (2 ? 2.00) ? (4 ? 3.50) H c ? (4 ?
2.00) ? (2 ? 3.50) I c ? (2 ? 2.00) ? (4 ? 3.50)
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TEST 6

• 21. THE PROCESS IN WHICH WATER, WIND, ICE, AND
  HEAT BREAK DOWN ROCK IS CALLED _________.
• A. CLIMATE B. WEATHERING C. WEATHER D.
  MAFIC
• 22. THE PROCESS BY WHICH WIND, WATER ICE OR
  GRAVITY TRANSPORTS SOIL AND SEDIMENT FROM ONE
  LOCATION TO ANOTHER IS CALLED _______.
• A. DEPOSITION B. UPLIFT C. EROSION D.
  IGNEOUS
• 23. THE MOVEMENT WITHIN THE EARTH THAT CAUSES
  ROCKS INSIDE THE EARTH TO BE MOVED TO THE
  SURFACE.
• A. DEPOSITION B. UPLIFT C. EROSION D.
  IGNEOUS

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TEST 6

• 24. THE PROCESS IN WHICH SEDIMENT MOVED BY
  EROSION IS DROPPED AND COMES TO REST IS CALLED
  ________.
• A. EROSION B. UPLIFT C. IGNEOUS D.
  DEPOSITION
• 25. A NATURALLY OCCURRING SOLID MIXTURE OF ONE OR
  MORE MINERALS OR ORGANIC MATTER.
• A. ERODE B. CO2 C. H2O D. ROCK
• 26. THE SERIES OF PROCESSES IN WHICH A ROCK
  FORMS, CHANGES FROM ONE TYPE TO ANOTHER, IS
  DESTROYED, AND FORMS AGAIN BY GEOLOGICAL
  PROCESSES IS CALLED THE__________
• A. WATER CYCLE B.ROCK CYCLE C. CO2 CYCLE
  D.MOTOR CYCLE

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TEST 6

• 27. TYPE OF ROCK WHICH FORMS WHEN HOT, LIQUID
  ROCK, OR MAGMA COOLS AND SOLIDIFIES.
• A. METAMORPHIC B. SEDIMENTARY
• C. FOLIATED D. IGNEOUS
• 28. THE MOST NOTABLE FEATURE OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
  IS ITS LAYERS OR ______.
• A. STRATA B. SPATA C. SMATTA D. HARDNESS
• 29. THIS CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK IS
  MADE OF FRAGMENTS OF ROCKS CEMENTED TOGETHER BY A
  MINERAL SUCH AS CALCITE OR QUARTZ.
• A. ORGANIC B. CLASTIC C. CHEMICAL D.
  FOLIATED

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TEST 6

• 30. THIS CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK FORMS
  FROM SOLUTIONS OF DISSOLVED MINERAL AND WATER.
• A. ORGANIC B. CLASTIC C. CHEMICAL D.
  FOLIATED
• 31. THIS CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK IS
  MADE UP OF PLANTS AND THE REMAINS OF SKELETONS
  AND SHELLS OF SEA ANIMALS.
• A. ORGANIC B. CLASTIC C. CHEMICAL D.
  FOLIATED
• 32. _________ ROCKS, ARE ALREADY EXISTING ROCKS
  THAT HAVE BEEN CHANGED BY HEAT AND PRESSURE.
• A. IGNEOUS B. SEDIMENTARY C. METAMORPHIC

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Rocks Mineral Mixtures
Chapter 4
28
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
9. In the passage, what does the word origin
mean? A size or appearance B age C location or
surroundings D source or formation
29
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
10. Based on the passage, what can the reader
conclude? F Marble is a sedimentary rock. G
Limestone is created by sediments deposited in
warm ocean or lake environments. H Marble is a
rock that is made when sandstone has undergone
metamorphism. I In identifying a rock, the
texture of a rock is more important than the
composition of the rock.
30
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
11. What is the main idea of the passage? A
Scientists believe marble is the most important
rock type to study. B Scientists study the
composition and texture of a rock to determine
how the rock formed and what happened after it
formed. C Some sediments are deposited in warm
oceans and lakes. D When limestone undergoes
metamorphism, it creates marble.
31
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
12. In the passage, what does the word tubular
mean? A flat and sharp B round and long C funnel
shaped D pyramid shaped
32
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
13. From the information in the passage, what can
the reader conclude? F Fulgurites are formed
above ground. G Sand contains a large amount of
quartz. H Fulgurites are most often very small. I
Fulgurites are easy to find in sandy places.
33
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
14. Which of the following statements best
describes a fulgurite? A Fulgurites are frozen
lightning bolts. B Fulgurites are rootlike
rocks. C Fulgurites are glassy tubes found in
deserts. D Fulgurites are natural glass tubes
formed by lightning bolts.
34
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
15. According to the rock cycle diagram, which of
the following statements is true? A Only
sedimentary rock gets weathered and eroded. B
Sedimentary rocks are made from metamorphic,
igneous, and sedimentary rock fragments and
minerals. C Heat and pressure create igneous
rocks. D Metamorphic rocks are created by melting
and cooling.
35
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
16. A rock exists at the surface of the Earth.
What would be the next step in the rock cycle? F
cooling G weathering H melting I metamorphism
36
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
17. Which of the following processes brings rocks
to Earths surface, where they can be eroded? A
burial B deposition C uplift D weathering
37
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
18. Which of the following is the best summary of
the rock cycle? A. Each type of rock gets melted.
Then the magma turns into igneous, sedimentary,
and metamorphic rock. B. Magma cools to form
igneous rock. Then, the igneous rock becomes
sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock is heated and
forms metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock melts to
form magma. Choices continued on next slide
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
Continued from previous slide C. All three rock
types weather to create sedimentary rock. All
three rock types melt to form magma. Magma forms
igneous rock. All three types of rock form
metamorphic rock because of heat and pressure. D.
Igneous rock is weathered to create sedimentary
rock. Sedimentary rock is melted to form igneous
rock. Metamorphic rock is weathered to form
igneous rock.
39
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
19. Eric has 25 rocks he has collected as a
science project for class. Nine rocks are
sedimentary, 10 are igneous, and 6 are
metamorphic. If Eric chooses a rock at random,
what is the probability that he will choose an
igneous rock? A 1/2 B 2/5 C 3/8 D 1/15
40
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 4
20. At a mineral and fossil show, Elizabeth
bought two quartz crystals that cost 2.00 each
and four trilobite fossils that cost 3.50 each.
Which equation can be used to describe c, the
total cost of her purchase? F c ? (2 ? 4) ? (2.00
? 3.50) G c ? (2 ? 2.00) ? (4 ? 3.50) H c ? (4 ?
2.00) ? (2 ? 3.50) I c ? (2 ? 2.00) ? (4 ? 3.50)