Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

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Rocks Mineral Mixtures
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• What exactly is rock?
• A solid mixture of minerals, shells, bones,
  leaves, stems and other remains of living things.

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Classify Rocks

• The three main types of rocks are igneous,
  sedimentary, and metamorphic
• The way the rock forms or is made determines the
  type of rock that it is.
• .

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Igneous Rocks

• Igneous rocks were originally hot, fluid magma
  within the Earth.
• Igneous get their name from the Latin word,
  ignis, which means fire.

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• Igneous rocks are classified according where they
  formed.
• Extrusive rock is rock that formed from lava that
  erupted onto the Earths surface.
• Intrusive rock is rocked that formed when magma
  hardened beneath the Earths surface.

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Igneous Rocks
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Sedimentary Rock

• Most sedimentary rocks are formed from particles
  that have been carried along and deposited by
  wind and water and then pressed together to form
  sedimentary rocks.

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Compaction

• Year after year more sediment falls on top and
  are pressed to form more layers. The weight of
  each layer continues to compact the layers
  together.
• Cementation
• the process in which the dissolved minerals
  crystallize and glue particles of sediment
  together

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Sedimentary Rocks


Shale
Conglomerate

Sandstone

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Metamorphic Rocks

• Metamorphic rocks are new rocks that are formed
  when tremendous heat and great pressure change
  existing rocks.
• These new rocks will have chemical and physical
  properties that are very different from the
  original rocks.

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Metamorphic Rocks
Schist
Gneiss
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Rock Cycle

• The continuous changing of rocks from one kind to
  another over long periods of time is called the
  rock cycle.
• The rock cycle has no definite sequence. It can
  follow many different pathways.

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The Value of Rock

• Rock is an important natural resource.
• Used by early humans to make tools such as
  hammers, spears, knives, and scrapers.
• Used for centuries to make buildings, roads, and
  monuments.
• Certain types of rocks have helped build ancient
  and modern civilizations.
• Rock study has helped scientists to discover the
  history of life on Earth.

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Fossils

• Fossils are found in Sedimentary rock
• They help provide information of life forms that
  lived thousands of years ago.

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Fossils provide information about life and
conditions in the past.
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Fossils of Sea Creatures

• Oceans once covered the area
• What part of the ocean

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Fossils of Plants

• Plant fossils can tell us about the ancient
  environment

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Animal Fossils

• Animal fossils can tell us
• About past environments
• What the animal ate
• How they lived