Hallyu

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Hallyu

• Globalization of

through Organic Power
Presented by Jung-sook Park
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Hallyu and Me

• Role of Queen in DaeJangKeum (Jewel in the
  Palace)
• TV Morning Show Host for 10 years
• Academic Researcher

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U.S. BEEF PROTEST IN SEOUL
BOSTON ABC
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What is Organic Power?

• Organic power is a process whereby one country
  makes a pop-cultural content that is produced and
  distributed through market mechanisms and
  reinterpreted by the local population according
  to its own culture and shared widely through
  media and IT technologies to create a common
  norm that goes beyond national boundaries and
  ideological differences. This can lead to new
  international dialogue.
• This is based on the Constructivist Theory of
  International Relations

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Recent Legacy of Distrust

• Sino-Japanese War (1894)
• Russo-Japanese War (1904)
• Japanese Imperialism (1945)
• Japanese Invasion of Manchuria (1931)
• WWII Pacific Theater (1945)
• Chinas Communist Revolution (1949)
• Divided Korea (1945present)
• Korean War (19501953)
• Vietnam War (1960s-1974)

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Constructivist Mechanism of Hallyu
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Soft Power vs. Organic Power

• ORGANIC POWER
• Consumer-directed power.
• No specific nationalistic or ethnic interest.
• Neutral network.
• No specific center of power.
• Bottom-up.

• SOFT POWER
• User-generated power.
• Get what you want through power of attraction.
• Central hub of power.
• Generated to obtain concrete profits from other
  countries.
• Top-down.

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Three StepsPop-Culture to Organic Power
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HALLYU as Organic Power
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Hallyu in Asia Legacy of trust

• Case of VIETNAM (HoiAn)
• Hated Koreans because Koreans were the
  victimizers
• Korean reporters were warned to stay away.
• Change of heart after DaeJangKeum

• The South Koreans were a cruel enemy. They were
  very vengeful and killed a lot of people. Until
  1990s, North Korea was our friend and South
  Korea our enemy. But now I watch the drama Dae
  Jang Keum on Samsung TV placed below my medals.
  Past is just the past. Today, I enjoy Hallyu
  drama.
• Jjun,
• decorated former soldier
• who killed over a hundred
• Korean soldiers during a battle

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Hallyu in North Korea

• Kids punished for reenacting gang fights seen in
  My Wife is a Gangster in High School in Chong
  Jin City (Goodfriends, SK).
• City teenagers dressing like Hallyu stars with
  torn jeans and preferring Seoul dialect over
  Pyongyang dialect (RFA, USA)
• Kim Jong-il orders his film people to study
  Hallyu to make better movies for export (Shimwha
  Wire, PRC)
• Latest Joomong episode was seen by government
  official two days after it aired in Seoul
  (Goodfriends, SK)
• SK stars names are everyday nouns for ShinPo
  County young people (RFA, USA)
• Lee Young Ae is Chairman Kims favorite actress
  (AFP)
• 6 out of 10 households in Northeastern border
  area can freely watch Hallyu programs and in
  large cities such as Nampo and Kaesong, watching
  Hallyu is normal. (HwanKoo Current News, PRC)

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Hallyu and North Korean Government

• Social Cleansing Campaign against Spiritual
  Corruption
• Surprise arrests on suspected Hallyu houses.
• Mass Transfer of 4,000 border guards in late
  2006.
•  
• Crackdown on smugglers of DVDs, even rumors of
  public executions.
•  
• Formation of village Juche study groups to warn
  against foreign cultural invasion.
•  
• Recent prohibition against women under the age of
  40 engaging in any market, commercial activities.
•  
• Female school teachers in Pyongyang being sent to
  reeducation camps for speaking with a South
  Korean accent thats popular among young people
  who are dating.

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NY Philharmonic vs. Hallyu Whats the difference?
Soft Power vs. Organic Power

• Choice by individual consumers
• Not told to watch by anyone

• Created by, for, of Elites
• Government-driven

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Is Hallyu a factor in international relations?

• Must wait and see. Many questions still left.
• Hopes for Hallyu
• Hallyu can go beyond being just a Korean
  phenomenon.
• Hallyu can create a common identity through a
  ubiquitous sharing of enjoyable cultural contents
  among different peoples of Asia.
• Hallyu can expand to refer to all cultural
  exchanges that promote mutual understanding and
  collective identity in Asia.
• Hallyu becomes an instrument of peace.

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INTERESTING QUESTION HALLYU ASIA
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Organic Power In Asia ,Hallyu