Memory

1
Memory

• Influences on Memory
• Question Type
• Recall
• Cued Recall
• Recognition
• Meaningfulness Ebbinghaus
• Proactive interference old materials promote
  forgetting of new
• Retroactive interference new materials promote
  forgetting of old

2
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

• Sensory Store/Memory very short term memory.
  Holds information for 1 second
• Short-term Memory George Miller. Holds
  information for about 20 seconds. 5 to 9 items
  held.
• Chunking used to expand amount held in memory
• Long-term Memory Relatively permanent.
  Immeasurable capacity.

3
Depth of ProcessingCraik and Lockhart

• Not the duration of study that counts, but the
  depth of processing
• Evaluate word and make links to previously stored
  information
• Shallow-level processing
• Deep-level processing
• Implications for studying?

4
Study Tips

• Overlearn
• Sleep after learning important material reduces
  retroactive interference
• Context dependent memory
• State dependent memory
• Mnemonic Techniques attaches a list of items to
  an easily remembered structure

5
Mnemonic Techniques

• Method of Word Associations Acronyms
• Method of Fixed Rhythms
• Method of Loci
• Substitute Word Technique
• Method of Allegory

6
Memory Loss

• Amnesia after brain damage
• Anterograde inability to store new long-term
  memories
• Retrograde loss of memory for events that
  occurred shortly before the brain damage
• Infantile Amnesia very little recall before 3.5
  years of age. No good explanation

7
Alzheimers Disease

• Degenerative condition
• Symptoms proceed from minor forgetfulness, to
  memory loss, to confusion, to depression, to
  hallucinations, and finally to disturbances of
  the sleeping and eating cycles
• Procedural memory is impacted later