Physics with BaBar 19992000 Data

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FPCP2006 Vancouver, Canada Era of precision
flavor physics in The start of LHC era
Highlights outlook for FPCP2008
A. JawaheryUniversity of Maryland
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• A memorable Flavor Physics CP Meeting
• Great hospitality and excellent views
• Great Physics plenty of suspense
• Thank You

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FPCP2002 - FPCP2006?FPCP2008- The Exp. players
Reached L1.x1034 ?gt2.x1034
Reach L 1.6x1034 ?gt2-3x1034
FPCP 02

• Next major Milestone -2008
• Belle BaBar 1/ab each
• 2x 109 BB(bar)
• D0 and CDF 4-8/fb each

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CLEO-c Lint6.7 ? 1031 /cm2/s total 281 pb-1
See R. Poling
BES _at_ BEBC I
BEBC II aimed at E1-2.1 GeV Lint1? 1033 /cm2/s
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• And of course the enormous luminosity/brilliance
  on the theory side defining what is important,
  what to measure, channels, techniques, improved
  theoretical treatment of hadronic effects,..

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FPCP2002 - FPCP2006?FPCP2008

• CKM already established as the primary source of
  CPV in laboratory (as declared by Y. Nir-
  ICHEP2002)
• All three angles of CKM unitarity triangle are
  now measured.
• Dms is now tightly bound- the SM emerging as the
  winner again.
• Evidence for B -gttn important Bounds on
  Leptonic Bd?ll- Bs?ll- with impact on SUSY
  parameter space
• With the B factories in their 1/ab phase,
  Tevatron onward to 4-8/fb, Cleo-c more
  theoretical advancements, new goals are set for
  CKM observables-
• s(Vtd/Vts)lt4.

By FPCP2008
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FPCP2002-FPCP2006?FPCP2008

• New Physics in FCNC b?d s?d transitions highly
  constrained (Declared by L. Silvestrini LP2005).
• FCNC b?s transitions have become a major focus of
  the field By 2008 expect the precision of the
  CPV effects in b?s transitions to reach the point
  of deserving serious attention potential to
  reveal evidence for New Physics.

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• Major New Results of the Meeting
• Measurement of Dms (Tevatron)
• First MINOS results(N.Tagg)- will not discuss
  here-a full session on n- with excellent reviews
  and theoretical implication.
• Evidence for Leptonic B?tn decay (Belle)
• New limits and new techniques on D0 mixing (BaBar
  Cleo-c)(see M. Wilson, S. Stone, D. Cinabro)-
  significant improvements to expect soon and may
  even a signal. Also new results from CLEO-c on
  charm branching ratios and much improvements
  expected soon (see R. Poling, S. Stone)

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Bs Mixing -Dms
Vtb
Vtb
b
W
b
t
t
d(s)
d(s)
Vtd(s)
Vtd
W
A key element of the CKM test, as well as
searches for New Physics

• Up until a few weeks ago limits ?msgt 14.4 ps-1
• SM prediction from UT fits ?ms 18.3 6.5 -1.5
  ps-1
• Interpretation power dominated by accuracy of
  LQCD input
• With ?md / ?ms SM value ? 1.21 ? 0.04 ?
  0.05
• ? Vts/Vtd at 5 theoretical uncertainty,
  
• With ?md 0.509 ? 0.004 ps-1 _at_ 1
• fBd2 BBd (228 ? 30 ? 10 MeV)2 from LQCD
• Vtd only at 15 accuracy- all theory limited

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Measuring DmsNews from TEVATRON
D0 Reconstructs Bs?D()sln tags its initial
flavor using the other B?m with eD2 2.4
3.8 (5 ) probability for
15 probability for Dms19 ps-1
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Measuring Dms CDF
See J. Pierda
With opposite side tagging ?D2 ? 1.5 st
87-200 fs

• Now have added same side tagging with ?D2
  4.00.9-1.2
• Can not use Bd to evaluate and validate
  performance. Other approaches used
• For a total of ?D2 ? 5.5

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See G. Gomez-Ceballos
A/s(A) 3.5 probability of fluctuation of 0.5
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See R. Van Kooten
Lifetime difference DGs also in agreement with SM
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Only lt is has a reasonable Br. In SM 10-4
Leptonic B Decays
See K. Ikado
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With these measurements, pressure building up on
LQCD More precise decay constants needed See
Paul Mackenzie He declared that Its the time for
Lattice to deliver Data is now fast improving
and may help in testing the calculations..
See J Wiss
Compare with experiment-consistency at 10
BaBar for Ds?mn
Cleo-c R. Poling
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FPCP2002-FPCP2006 also a few pleasant unexpected
results

• By FPCP2002, measuring a with B?pp seemed
  hopeless- penguins too large to deal with then
  came along the B?rr system -longitudenally
  polarized rr system small penguin
  contributions-
• ? a to an accuracy of 12o
• The Dalitz (GGSZ) method for measuring g expect
  eventual accuracy of few degrees
• The family of gluonic b?s decays significantly
  expanded beyond B?fKs -and CPV measured,
  increasing the sensitivity to NP searches
• New ways of exploiting the b?sg Now have access
  to photon helicity (via B?Ksp0 g), in addition
  to the rate and Direct CPV.
• Many new states observed DsJ, , X, Y, Z states-
  rejuvenated the world of spectroscopy and their
  interpretation.

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Review of the new states Helmut Marsiske
All players had a role in generating this
picture BaBar Belle CDF D0 CLEO CLEO-c
Interpretations Voloshin and Geofrey
Voloshin
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Has FPCP2006 convinced us that goals of FPCP2008
can be reached?
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Vub- One of the oldest and slowest advancing
measurements
The goal s(Vub) 5
See E. Barberio B. Lange

• Inclusive Approach Measure B?Xul n in a region
  of phase space where b?cl n pollution is small,
  e.g.

Belle
theoretical input to convert DGu(meas) ?Vub -
several approaches new old BNLP use b?sg
B-gtXcln to determine parameters of fermi motion
of b in B mb, l etc.? the shape function. DGE
go from inclusive Semileptonic b decay to SL B
meson decay- inputs mb etc from b?sg B-gtXcln
E.g. one of several lepton endpoint analyses with
shape function
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Inclusive
See E. Barberio
Method of Leibovich, Low, and Rothstein weight
method-less shape function dependent
7 measurement now
Ultimate limitation Charm may help
An overall eventual error of 5- 6 is not
inconceivable.
Need confirmation
21
See Kevin Varvell

• Vub-Exclusive approach
• Identify b-gtu modes, such as B?pln,B?rl n, B?wl
  n,..
• Measure partial decay rates, branching ratios
  compare with theoretical expressions..
• Lattice QCD provides normalization of F(q2)

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Experimental errors to shrink significantly,
which may allow discriminations amongst various
lattice calculations.
Other checks on lattice calculation from Charm
decays?
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Validation of LQCD calculation of form factors
with charm decays?
See J. Wiss P. Mackenzie
All consistent- but what does this imply/help
FFs issues in B decays?
More CLEO-c results soon
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Richard Hill need a different variable to
represent form factors- Zmax Most FFs are
linear in Zmax- look for curvature and compare
Th Exp. Helps extend the data to regions that
LQCD calculations are more accurate.
Still not clear how charm helps Bs
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Measuring g Vub Vube-ig
See J. P. Lees
Decays involving interference of tree level b?u
b?c Processes.

B- ? (D?f)K- Fcommon to D0 anti D0
Solve for g, d(,d1-d2) rB(A1/ A2)
fDCP (Gronau-London-Wyler)(GLW method) (small
asymmetry) fDCSD (Atwood-Duniets-Soni)(ADS
Method) (additional problem of dD) f Dalitz
analysis of D0-gtKspp- (GGSZ) (combines
features of GLW ADS depending on the location
in Dalitz plot)- the dominant method Giri,
Grossman, Soffer, Zupan, PRD 68, 054018
(2003), Bondar (Belle), PRD 70, 072003 (2004)
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Measuring g Vub Vube-ig
See J. P. Lees
The method highly sensitive to rB fits favor
rB 0.1 (BaBar) rB gt0.2 (Belle). Main cause
of the difference in errors
From the Dalitz Analysis alone g(67/- 28
? 13 /- 12 )o (BaBar) f353 15-18 ? 3
?9) Belle

• Error due to uncertainties in treatment of the
  D?Kspp-Dalitz plot (amplitudes and phases)
• CLEO-c data can help.
• Projected error from this source 3-5 o (??)

Combined (CKM fitter) g ??
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Future of g
2008 5-10o
rB0.1
Requires improvement in D-Dalitz model from
CLEO-c data and higher statistics tagged D
events at B factories
See talks by R. Poling, D. Cinabro for CLEO-c
prospects on Dalitz
Also needs additional help for rB E.g. Using the
ADS observables
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Measuring sin2b
B0 tag
sin2f1 0.652 0.039 (stat) 0.020 (syst) A
0.010 0.026 (stat) 0.036 (syst)
Sin2b is a precision measurement now - the
non-SM solution is essentially excluded B-gtJ/yK
B-gtD0h No evidence for direct CP violation-
consistent with dominance of one diagram only-
At 2/ab era Expect another factor of 2 reduction
of errors
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Measuring a The prescription
See C.C. Wang C. Touramanis
B?p p (p p-, p p0, p0 p0 ) B?rp, B? r r, ..

With Tree alone
But penguins (gluonic E.W) can also lead to the
same decays
B-gtp0p0 sets the scale of the Da correction
Da
Estimate Da by constructing the isospin
triangle(Gronau London)
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Measuring a
A-C
A-C
Good news for a A very lucky angle! Longitudinal
polarization dominates-?CP even small B-gtr0r0
compared to B-gtrr0 , B-gtrr- ? suppressed
penguin contributions-
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Measuring a
a 96 /- 13o (B?rr only)
(B?rr, pp, rp)
Already the error is systematic (theory)
dominated. At 2/ab, expect s(a) 7o - 10o
depending on the size of B-gtr0r0 . Measuring
B-gtr0r0 its Time-dependent CP asymmetry may
shrink errors further- if able to to resolve
ambiguities.
Other ways of estimating penguin effects
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Search for New Physics with Heavy Flavor

• The analysis by the Utfit team allow NP amplitude
  and phase

SM solution CBd0 fBd0
Non SM solution now excluded by Semileptonic
asymmetry (Asl) from BaBar D0

• New sources of CP violation in b?d s?d are
  strongly constrained.
• The b?s transitions are much less constrained-
  possible probes
• Gluonic penguins b?sg rates, direct CPV,
  the sin2b penguin test
• Bs mixing Dms, DGs,
• EW radiative b?sg rates, direct CPV, photon
  polarization.
• EW radiative b?sll rates, direct CPV,
  AFB(q2), polarization effects,..

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An MSSM analysis of b-gts observables- ( L.
Silvestrini- LP2005) -
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The sin2b Test in penguin dominated modes
B0
fcp
B0
For fcp from b-gtsqq
Within the SM
f
Dominant amplitude (l2)- same phase as b-gtccs
suppressed amplitude (l4)
Expect within SM
Sf -hcpsin2b
With new physics and new phases, Sf could depart
from -hcpsin2b The Task Measure DSf-hcpSf
sin2b search for deviation from zero
A Key Question How well do we know DSf within
the SM?
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SM expectation
See C.K. Chua
Within the SM
DSf depends on the size and the relative strong
phase of this suppressed term
f
Dominant amplitude (l2)- same phase as b-gtccs
suppressed amplitude (l4)
QCDF calculations(Beneke, hep-ph/0505075 Cheng,
Chua Soni, hep-ph/0506268).
SU(2) and SU(3) can also be put to work to
connect various CP conserving and CP violating
observables--generally much less restrictive- but
can improve with data.
See C.K. Chua
36
See M. Graham
QCD factorization calculation of DS
Simple average Spenguins0.5 /- 0.06 vs
reference point sin2b0.69/-0.03 2.5 s
deviation at this point.
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See Y. Chao
Tests with Direct CP violations
Within SM Expect Acp(b-gtsg) 0
Direct CPV
See V. Erkcan Özcan
Acp(B0?Kp-) -0.108/- 0.017

• superweak is really out Again-to use as NP
  observable need reliable QCD predictions some
  tests can also be done using symmetries

38
Hadronic B decays Theory meets experiment Plenty
to explain- a few examples
For experiments See J. Smith C. Touramanis
Pattern of Brs Polarization in B?VV
Pattern of 2-body Brs

• Many issues for TH to rule on
• Tree/Penguin ratios relative strong phases
  direct CPV Color suppression

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Benchmark- Rates Direct CPV for B?pp B?Kp
decays
See C. Bauer -SCET
See S. Mishima-PQCD
TH EXP agree in some areas, but not all- TH
errors still too large - Delivery time is
approaching.
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b?sg- b?sll- - well established venue for NP
search
See V. Erkcan Özcan H. Kakuno
Measured rates consistent with SM BF(b?sg)TH
3.57 0.30 x 10-4 (SM NLO) BF(b?sg)EXP 3.54
0.30 x 10-4 (HFAG)
D0

• But there is more handles in these channels
• Photon polarization in b?gsL (g left-handed in
  SM)
• Direct CP violation nearly zero in SM
• In B?Kll- q2 dependence of the rate FB
  asymmetry, polariztion
• Search for NP modification of Wilson
  coefficients C7, C9, C10

See R. Van Kooten
41
Probing the g-polarization via Time-dependent CP
violation in b?sg decays
(A. Atwood, M. Gronau A. Soni (1997))
Within SM
The value of SKg as a NP observable depends on
SM uncertainties - recent work based on
QCDF/SCET, considering the impact of b?sg(g) set
SKg 0.1 - (Grinstein, Grossman, Ligeti,
Pirjol PRD 71, 011504(2005), Grinstein, Pirjol,
hep-ph/0510104)
TDCP analysis requires modes common to B0 and
B0(bar) e.g. B?K(890)g with K?K0 p0 , K0
?Ks ?pp- with Br13.4x10-6
Needs much more data
42
Other tests with b?sll-
probe deviation of wilson of C7, C9, C10 from SM
SM
C9C10 -C9C10(SM)
K pol. FL
Possible deviation from SM at 95 c.l.
C7 -C7(SM)
Wrong sign C9C10 excluded Cant exclude opposite
sign C7 yet
43
Leptonic Decays
See R. Van Kooten
Territory of Hadron machines
SM
44

• Many New Ideas for the future of the Field
• High Rate Kaon experiments
• Lepton Flavor Violation experiments
• Super B experiments both at the energy Frontier
  (LHCB), and the luminosity frontier- ee-
  colliders.

45
Kaon physics
Gino Isidoris talk today

• The ultimate goal is to measure the four golden
  modes

KL?p0nn direct access to h
The excellent control of theory in these modes
makes them powerful probes of physics beyond
the SM- The effects are correlated and
complementary to those in B decays.
46
Kaon physics
See A. Ceccucci

• No future Kaon program approved in the US- all
  recent proposed experiments turned down (AGS
  E949, FNAL CKM, FNAL 940, FNAL KAMI, BNL KOPIO).
• Proposals at CERN (P326) and J-Parc (E391) for K
  ?pnn K0 ?p0nn

Dedicated experiment KEK E391a
Started 2004- 1st results B(K0?p0nn)lt2.86x10-7
(2005) (_at_90 c.l.) Aiming
for lt1.4x10-9 With further running proposed at
J-parc.
Action is needed to keep KAONS at the heart of
Flavour Physics CP-Violation
A. Ceccucci
47
Lepton Flavor Violation
T. Moris talk this morning, H. Kakuno
If found- constitutes clear signature for beyond
the SM effect

• m?e conversion at SINDRUM_at_PSI (lt 7x10-13 )
• MECO (_at_BNL) was aiming for lt10-16- cancelled
  now.
• Next High purity muon beam at J-Parc
  (PRISM/PRIM)
• m- N?e- N aiming for lt10-18
• MEG experiment at PSI aiming for lt10-18

• Taus studies at the B factories already setting
  limits order Brlt10-7

With Super-B factories to reach sensitivities of
10-8
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Super B/Flavor Factories gt1010 Bs/year

• LHCB _at_ Lint gt1032 (1010 Bs/year)
• Super-Flavor Factories
• ee- superB KEKB _at_ Lint 2x1035 /cm2/s (N.
  Katayamas talk this session)
• linear Super-B factory _at_ Lint gt1036 /cm2/s(J.
  Seeman)

Hope_at_5x1010 BBs
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Super B experiments
See A. Schopper
LHCB _at_ 1010 Bs/year
Expects effective tagging eD2 6
vs CDF 5.5 B Fac. 30 Decay
time resolution 40 fs vs CDF
87-200 fs B Fac.- 1 ps
For Dms 20 Bs?Dsp
5s meas. Of Dmslt65 in 1 yr
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Novel ideas for ee- super-B factory _at_ 1036 J.
Seeman
P. Raimondi
Requirements 1) Asymmetric energies (4.5x6.2)
(4x7) (3.5x8) (3 x 9) 2) Small energy spread at
the IP (lt10 MeV) 3) Low power consumption 100
MW 4) Control beam-beam blowup to avoid long
damping times
At least 4 different schemes are being
considered Workable parameter set contains -
ILC damping ring, - ILC bunch compressor, -
ILC Final Focus
Several workshop has been dedicated to the design
and more on the way
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Hopes Dreams for FPCP2008

• Most signs at FPCP2006 indicate that most of the
  goals of the FPCP2008 are reachable. The
  experiments are poised to take the planned data,
  and lots of energy and ideas for improving the
  theoretical inputs. We are in the precision
  phase.
• Given the large number of observables involved, a
  pattern is likely to emerge showing evidence for
  BSM physics. If we continue to see no deviation
  at these precisions, its still a great success-
  a win win situation. Well end up with a
  precisely constrained charged current sector of
  the Electroweak theory as a reference point for
  future searches for New Physics.
• Hope Serious recognition is given to the fact
  that tackling any signs of New Physics found in
  direct observations at LHC requires other inputs-
  need at least one super-favor factory on the
  agenda Hope to see Kaon and LFV programs in
  action.

s(Vtd/Vts)lt4.