Ohios Infant

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OHIOS INFANT TODDLER GUIDELINES
Motor Development Domain
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Babies are born to move!

• Through movement, babies grow and
• develop in all of the other domains.
• Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006

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Motor development is related to

• Cognitive
• Development through exploration of
• the environment and manipulation of objects.

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Motor development is related to

• Social Development as babies initiate
  interactions with caregivers, move towards
  others, and join their peers.

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Motor development is related to

• Emotional Development as babies learn
  self-confidence in their new skills, such as when
  baby takes his first steps, or learns to peel a
  banana.

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Motor development is related to

• Communication Development as babies learn
  turn-taking with actions, gestures, waving, and
  perhaps sign language.

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Motor development is related to

• Physical Health, building up strength, vitality,
  and
• endurance, developing strong muscles and
• bones, and sound postural alignment.

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Overview of the Motor DomainThree Guidelines and
Three Indicators

• Guideline Large Muscle
• Indicator Movement, Balance, and Coordination
• Guideline Small Muscle
• Indicator Touch, Grasp, Reach, and Manipulate
• 3. Guideline Oral-Motor
• Indicators Oral-Motor

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Motor Sequence

• Newborn Newborns move a lot, but movements are
  mostly automatic and reflexive.

Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006
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Motor Sequence

• Over the Next Few Months Automatic movements and
  reflexes gradually fade away and are replaced by
  purposeful movements.
• A baby practices and develops more conscious
  control as the reflexes weaken and disappear.

Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006
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Motor Sequence

• After 6 Months Movement becomes a way for baby
  to learn about the world.
• As Baby Grows He delights in mastering new
  skills.

Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006
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Oral-Motor Development Sequence

• The newborn sucking reflex needs to begin to
  disappear before babies can learn to handle solid
  foods.
• Between four and six months of age children begin
  eating solid foods (American Academy of
  Pediatrics).

Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006 Source
www.drspock.com Eating Solid Foods The
Developmental Perspective
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Oral-Motor Development

• Pay attention to individual differences some
  babies are very sensitive to new sensory
  experiences and are afraid or anxious when
  introduced to new food textures.

Adrienne Nagy, PT September 2006 Source
www.drspock.com Eating Solid Foods The
Developmental Perspective
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Oral-Motor Development

• Class Activity
• Try to eat a cracker or pretzel without moving
  your tongue or lips

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Oral-Motor Development

• To eat from a spoon
• Babies must be able to sit supported and have
  upright head control
• Babies need to anticipate the spoon, open their
  mouths, then close their lips to keep food in
• Babies have to learn to coordinate tongue
  movements and swallowing

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Motor Development 101

• PITC Video The Next Step

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Motor Development 101

• Small Group Activity Where Does It go?
• Each group will receive examples from different
  age levels of each indicator. With your group,
  place the examples into developmental sequence
  for each of the Motor Development Guidelines.
• When you are finished, check your answers against
  those in the book. Report back your findings to
  the group.

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Exploring Variations in Motor Development

• What factors can have an impact on
• physical development?
• Temperament
• Culture
• Special needs

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Exploring Variations in Motor Development

• Small Group Activity
• Form nine small groups
• Create examples of developmental variations due
  to temperament, individuality, culture, or
  special needs
• Write findings on chart paper

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Enhancing Motor Development

• Why is the environment an important factor in
  childrens motor development?
• What about furniture and equipment?

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Enhancing Motor Development

• PITC Video Space to Grow

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Enhancing Motor Development

• Whole Group Discussion
• Appropriate environment, furniture, equipment,
  and materials in group settings.

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Conclusion

• Questions and Comments
• Evaluation