The T- modeThe S-mode

1
Partially mixed experiments

• The T- mode The S-mode
• Note the different vertical structure

2
Two states

• Fresh water cooled Salt water cooled

3
Hysteresis mode
4
Comparison with steady theory
Oscillating Mean Standard Deviation
Steady mean And Standard deviation
5
Close up of the oscillating layers
6
Layer evolution equations
rCpUuT is convectionHu rCpUlT is double diff.
Conv. Hl UlS is d.d. Salinity
transFS Bernoullis Law
7
Oscillations rT/rS0.5