Public Speaking

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Public Speaking

• Natalie B. Bryant

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Before the Speaking Event
Your Unfocused Ideas
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1st Step in Speech Preparation -
Audience/Occasion Analysis Workbook p. 8
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Positions Demographics Knowledge
Level Attitudes Size of Group Reason
for attending
Audience
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Facilities Time Context
Occasion
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Speaker Topic Choice Knowledge Purpose Inform Pers
uade Entertain
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Clear Idea
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Generating Ideas

• You cant have good ideas if you dont have a
  lot of ideas.
• Linus Pauling

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Generating Ideas

• Brainstorming
• Self generated
• Audience generated
• Occasion generated
• Research generated
• Visual Brainstorming
• Spidergrams

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Sample Spidergram
Intramurals
TNL
Dorms
Meal Plans
Game Room
Basketball Games
Registration
Student Activities
SPC
Financial AID
Dances
Fitness Center
Degree Plans
Clubs
Orientation
Scholarships
Campus Ambassadors
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Selecting Your Topic p. 10

• Present Understanding of Topic
• Self Interest
• Audience Interest/Need
• Research Availability
• Time Allotted

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Speech 2 Informative Speech

• Workbook p. 27
• 3 5 minutes
• 3 outside sources
• 1 sensory aid

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Researching Your Topic

• 1. Assess personal knowledge
• 2. Develop a research plan
• What information do I need?
• Where am I most likely to find it?

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Research

• Magazines / Journals
• Newspapers
• Government Documents
• Books

• Reference Works
• Interviews
• Writing or Calling
• Electronic Media

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Research

• 3. Collect/Record your data
• note cards
• photocopy
• tape record

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What to look for in your Research Verbal
Supports

• Explanations
• Comparisons
• Illustrations
• Examples

• Statistics
• Expert Opinions
• Testimonials
• Definitions

You must show your research and reasoning.
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Oral Footnotes - Crucial

• See Workbook p. 12

Plagiarism
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Research

• 4. Evaluate your information
• credibility test
• Is there enough evidence?
• Is the evidence clear?

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Credibility Test

• Is the evidence consistent with other sources?
• Is the source competent/recognized?
• Is the source unprejudiced?
• Is the evidence recent?

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Stages of Outlining

• Working outline - storyboard
• Formal outline p. 9
• Speaking outline notecard or sensory aids

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Principles of Outlining

• Each or letter one idea
• Consistent numbering system
• If using sub-points, there must be at least two
• Maintain consistency of style (sentence or word)
  prefer WORD

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Speech Organization for a3 to 5 Minute Speech

• Introduction (1 minute)
• Body (1 minute per point)
• Conclusion (1 minute)

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Review Notes

• Speech Organization
• Transitions
• 4 S Structure
• Organizational Formats

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Sensory Aids p. 14
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Importance of Sensory Aids

• Meets the needs of different learning styles
• Increases clarity/reinforces impact
• Keeps audience attention
• Keeps speaker organized dynamic

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Criteria for Creating Effective Visuals

• visibility
• clarity
• simplicity
• control

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Sensory Aid Usage

• Must be a Need
• Professionalism of Aid should match that of the
  audience
• Conceal - Reveal - Conceal
• Talk to audience not the VA

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Sensory Aid Usage

• Refer to it
• Gesture with hand closest to the aid
• Never turn your back to the audience
• VA should not become the speaker

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Types of Aids

• Objects - Physicals
• actual
• model

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Types of Aids

• Graphics
• handouts
• magnetic board
• posters
• pictures

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Types of Aids

• Projections
• document camera
• transparencies

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Types of Aids

• Audio/Visuals
• VCR/Tape Recorder
• Computerized Displays
• PowerPoint (see handouts)

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(No Transcript)
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Evaluation p. 16
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Evaluating a Speech

• Determine areas to be critiqued
• Descriptive/Evaluative Remarks
• Positives should equal constructive criticism

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Listening During Critiques

• Give specifics
• if needs improvement, explain why and make a
  recommendation
• if good, explain why

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Critique (cont.)

• Focus on the speech, not the person
• Be sincere and constructive for improvement
• Self and Peer Critiques on all speeches

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Key to Improvement - Honesty!
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Check Out Evaluation Forms
See Workbook p. 40 Nat. eval p. 41 Peer eval p.
45 Self eval