Effective Public Speaking

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Effective Public Speaking

• Leadership Certification
• Level 1

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Three Types of Public Speaking

• 1. Speeches that inform

• Explain
• Report
• Describe
• Clarify
• Define
• Demonstrate

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• 2. Speeches that persuade

Designed to convince or influence beliefs or
attitudes
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• 3. Speeches that entertain

Use humour to influence an audience Goal to
warm audience up
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Three main speaking styles

• Cool presenter
• Hot presenter
• Dull presenter

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Four basic methods of delivery

• Reading a manuscript verbatim
• From memory
• Speaking impromptu
• Speaking extemporaneously

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Getting Organized

• The organized speaker is more likely to be
  though of as competent and trustworthy.

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How Long Should a Talk Be?

• Long enough to reach the ground
• Theres great power in words, if you dont hitch
  to many of them together.
• No one likes a speech that runs too long.
• Lord, fill my mouth with worthwhile stuff . . .
  and nudge me when Ive said enough.
• The more you have to say, and the more time you
  take, the less people will remember

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Know Your Audience
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Make up of Audience

• Superiors
• Peers
• Team members
• Special interest groups
• Mixed groups

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Time to Outline

• Gather materials
• Examples
• Statistics
• Testimony

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The Preparation Outline

• Introduction
• Body
• Main point
• Main point
• Sub sub-point
• Sub sub-point

1. Conclusion

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Build the Body First
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The Introduction

• The beginning prepares listeners for what is to
  come.

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Three things you do during the intro.

• Get attention
• Startle the audience with an arresting statement
• Arouse curiosity

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The Conclusion

• Two Purposes

• Let the audience know you are ending
• Reinforce central idea
• The conclusion should conclude

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Two versions of speaking Outline

• Ineffective
• 1840-1860
• World Anti-Slavery Convention
• Seneca Falls convention
• 1. Lucretia Mott
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Declaration of Sentiments
• 1900-1920
• National American Woman
• Suffrage Association
• Founding
• Objectives
• Nineteenth Amendment
• Campaign
• Ratification

• More Effective
• 1840-1860
• A. World Anti-Slavery Convention
• B. Seneca Falls convention
• 1. Lucretia Mott
• 2. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• 3. Declaration of Sentiments
• 1900-1920
• A. National American Woman Suffrage
  Association
• 1. Founding
• 2. Objectives
• B. Nineteenth Amendment
• 1. Campaign
• 2. Ratification

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Visual Aids

• One picture is worth a thousand words

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Retentions With Visual Aids

• With visual aids
• 82 within 24 hours
• 62 three weeks later

• Without visual aid
• 62 within 24 hours
• 20 three weeks later

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Tips for using visual aids

• Avoid chalkboards
• Prepare visuals in advance
• Prepare them large enough
• Display them to be seen
• Avoid passing aid among audience
• Display aids only while discussing them

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Tips for using visual aids(cont)

• Talk to audience, not visual aid
• Practice with visual aid
• Real objects make good visuals
• Computer presentations

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Handouts

• Distribute handouts after your presentation
• Tell the audience that handouts will be provided
  at the end
• Have enough handouts for everyone

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Flubs N Things
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Body language
HEY, WHAT ARE YOU GUYS DOING OVER THERE?!
NONE OF YOUR BUSINESS!

• Verbal 7
• Tone of Voice 38
• Non Verbal 55

WOULD YOU GUYS KEEP IT QUIET UP THERE?!
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Body Language

• Body Posture
• Hand Gesture
• By your side
• Do not place your hands on the podium
• Hand gestures should be about chest level
• Open hand conveys openness and encourages trust

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Eye Contact
Speaker
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
The speaker has three major sections to make eye
contact with
Speaker
Section 1
Section 5
Section 2
Section 4
Section 3
Audience
The larger the audience, the more sections you
need to establish for effective eye contact
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Facial Expressions

• Initial feeling an audience gets from a speaker
  comes through facial expressions
• Be yourself
• Smile before you begin speaking

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Winning Conversation

• The tone of voice can draw others toward you or
  push them away
• A word may be a word, but how it is received is
  dependent on how it is said
• Meaning is given to words by the sender as she
  chooses the words,m but also is taken by the
  listener as she listens and interprets

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Lag Time

• Average speaker 100-150 wpm
• Slow speaker 80-90 wpm
• Fast speaker Up to 170 wpm
• Can listen to 450-600 wpm

We can THINK 5 times faster than we can talk!
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A Fast Talker Contra Slow Talker

• The fast talker can be persuasive and expressive
• The slow talker may imply apathy and indifference
• Speak fast enough to keep people intrigued, but
  not so fast they feel uncomfortable or rushed

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Practice!
Practice!
Practice!

• Prepare speaking outline
• Practice aloud
• Polish refine delivery
• Present under similar conditions

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Purpose of an Introduction

• Build enthusiasm for speaker
• Build enthusiasm for topic
• Establish a welcoming atmosphere
• Boost credibility of speaker

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Points to Remember

• Check facts for accuracy
• Adapt remarks to occasion
• Adapt remarks to audience
• Create a sense of anticipation

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Room Setting
Speaker

• Audience members should be able to easily see the
  speaker and visual aids the speaker presents.

Audience
Audience
Podium
Audience
Audience
Audience
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Seating Arrangement
(Screen or Blank Wall elevated if possible)
Overhead Projector
?
X
? ?
? ?
? ? ?
? ? ?
? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ?
Refreshment Table
Book Table (May need 2)
Registration Table
Back of Room
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Conference Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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U-Shaped Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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Circle Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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Pod Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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Classroom Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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Chevron Style
Visual display
leader
Refreshments/ displays
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The outside appearance is frequently an index to
the mind, and we should be careful what signs we
hang out for the world to judge of our faith.
(MYP p346)

• Your aim when in public is to present a picture
  of poise, and quiet serenity.

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Guidelines for appropriate dress

• Avoid fabrics that wrinkle
• Dress traditionally
• Wear a dress or business suit
• Empty pockets
• Leave hand bag at your seat
• Use of colour
• Necklines
• Tailored look gives more authority
• Choose comfortable shoes

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Platform Decorum

• The outside appearance is frequently an index
  to the mind, and we should be careful what signs
  we hang out for the world to judge of our faith.
  Ellen G. White (Messages to Young People p.346)

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Appearance

• Posture
• Sit up straight
• Stand up straight
• Maintain good posture

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Appearance

• Sitting
• Keep your hands quiet and in your lap
• Put them to one side rather than in the middle of
  your lap
• Keep your knees together
• Place your feet out slightly farther than the
  knees
• Keep the soles of your shoes on the floor
• Never, ever cross your legs on the platform!

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Appearance

• Standing
• Assume what is called the social stance

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Appearance

• Ascending and Descending Stairs
• Pause for a second or two before beginning
• Bend your knees
• Keep your knees slightly bent
• With your head high, put your whole foot on the
  stairs with the toe straight ahead
• Do not watch your feet
• Rest your hand lightly on the railing

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Using a podium

• Do not put hands on it
• Do not lean on it
• Check podium height

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When using a microphone

• Dont use a hand held mike
• A lapel or lavaliere mike is ideal
• Prepare as if you had no mike
• Adjust mike before speaking
• Stand close enough to benefit
• Dont allow mike to block your face
• Be careful with p or th sounds
• Beware of other noises

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You can reduce stage fright by

• Preparation rehearsing 75
• Deep breathing 12
• Mind Control 10

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Tips for overcoming fear

• Pick your own subject matter
• Follow the as if principle
• Put on a happy face
• Think positively
• Picture your audience as friendly
• No apologies
• Pray again, again, and again

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