I. The Cold War 19451949

1
http//www.flatrock.org.nz/topics/history/assets/c
old_war_flag.jpg
2
I. The Cold War 1945-1949

• Unit 9

3
http//www.usachcs.army.mil/history/brief/ColdWarC
ompos.jpg
4
Roots of Cold War Tension

• Different Economies
• Different Politics
• Wartime Differences
• Postwar Rhetoric

5
Different Economic Systems

• Soviet Union
• Industry agriculture owned by the state

• United States
• Capitalistic
• Increased standard of living

6
Different Political Systems

• Soviet Union
• 1 party system
• No free elections
• Policies to protect communism

• United States
• Democratic
• Free elections
• Concern over spread of communism

7
Wartime Differences- Second Front

• US cross- Channel through W Europe
• Shortest route to Germany
• Soviets upset at length of time to begin aid

8
WD-Broken promises at Yalta

• Free elections in Eastern Europe
• Germany to be divided to act as buffer
• Free elections in Korea

9
http//nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/Baker_00/2002-p3/
baker_p3_12-01_sn/Scottberlinmap
10
(No Transcript)
11
Postwar Rhetoric

• Stalins Speech- Feb 1946
• Promised recovery
• world capitalism proceeds through crisis and the
  catastrophes of war
• US took speech as declaration of war on capitalism

12
Churchills Iron Curtain Speech

• A shadow has fallen across the scenes so lately
  lighted by Allied victory. From Stettin in the
  Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron
  curtain has descended across the continent.
  Churchill, Fulton, USA, 1946. Fulton speech

http//homepage.eircom.net/jas/churchill.jpg
13
Cold War

• state of hostility short of direct military
  confrontation between two superpowers

http//www.coldwar.org/pictures/products/PatchS.gi
f
http//www.mcphee.com/pixlarge/11674.jpg
14
http//www.csa.com/discoveryguides/russia/images/c
oldwar.gif
15
http//www.johndclare.net/images/Soviet_takeover.G
IF
16
http//www.cvrick.com/cv_rick/images/2007/11/01/lk
ennan.jpg
17
Containment- George F. Kennan

• Foreign Affairs, X-Article
• United States policy toward the Soviet Union
  must be that of a long-term, patient but firm and
  vigilant containment of Russian expansive
  tendencies.

18
The Long Telegram - advised

• 1.   The Russians are determined to destroy the
  American way of life and will do everything they
  could to oppose America.
• 2.   This is the greatest threat the US has ever
  faced.
• 3.   The Soviets can be beaten.
• 4.   The Soviets must be stopped.
• 5.   This can be done without going to war.
• 6.   The way to do it is by educating the public
  against Communism, and by making people wealthy,
  happy and free.

19
Containment Strategies
20
Truman Doctrine

• Provide economic and military aid to free people
  threatened

http//www.trumanlibrary.org/photographs/59-1252-3
.jpg
21
http//www.cs.utah.edu/hatch/images/europe/berlin
.buildwall.jpg
http//unleashingideas.org/blog/wp-content/uploads
/2008/04/marshall_plan_poster.JPG
22
Marshall Plan

• Marshall Plan 13 billion in aid to European
  countries
• Marshall Speech
• The Marshall Plan

http//marshallplan.freeterritorytrieste.com/myPic
tures/MARSHALLLOGO.png
23
Berlin Airlift- Operation Vittles

• Soviet Union cuts off western Berlin
• US UK airlift food supplies to West Berlin
• German Democratic Republic- East Germany

http//www.arbeitsgemeinschaft-notopfer-und-wohnun
gsbaumarken.de/Zeitgesch._Luftbruecke__WEB.jpg
24
http//warandgame.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/temp
c56c.jpg
http//www.mjbrett.com/BerlinAirliftChildren.jpg
25
http//www.johndclare.net/images/Marshallbike.JPG
26
http//www.charleslipson.com/Images/Stalin-Marshal
l-Plan-cartoon.jpg
27
Intl. Mon. Fund (IMF)/ World Bank

• IMF help governments overcome balance-of-payments
  problems
• World Bank to invest in programs to promote
  post-war reconstruction

28
First (blue), Second (red), and the Third World
(green) countries during the Cold War era.
http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/arch
ive/a/af/20071018034104!World_Bank_income_groups.p
ng
29
North Atlantic Treaty Org. (NATO)

• Western Europe feared Soviet aggression
• 10 nations join with US Canada April 4, 1949
  for defensive alliance -NATO
• Attack on one attack on all
• First time US enter military alliance in peacetime

30
http//news.bbc.co.uk/olmedia/325000/images/_32538
8_nato_europe_countries_300.gif
31
(No Transcript)