ESCAMBIA COUNTY EMS PRESENTS

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ESCAMBIA COUNTY EMS PRESENTS

• HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
• RECURRENT TRAINING

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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS

• WHERE, WHEN, AND HOW DOES AWARENESS BEGIN?

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

• UNIT 1 - Preparation or Size-Up

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Unit Objectives

• Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements
• Identify the role of the Awareness Level First
  Responder
• Identify the roles of the Local Emergency
  Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency
  Response Commission (SERC)

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Hazardous Materials

• Defined in numerous ways
• U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
• U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration (OSHA)
• Simplified Definition

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Hazardous Materials Incidents

• Haz-Mat incidents are unique events. They
  require specialized protective measures not
  normally available or used by first responders
  AND they demand a different operational approach!

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Mechanisms of Harm

• T.E.A.M. C.P.R.
• Thermal Chemical
• Etiological Psychological
• Asphyxiation Radiological
• Mechanical

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Public Safety Duty to Act

• Public safety responders have a Duty to Act.
• Your level of involvement is defined by your
  employers Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
• The actions you are expected to take should be in
  Standard Operating Procedure format.
• NEVER exceed your level of training and
  protection!

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Awareness Level Response Goals

• Recognition
• Isolation
• Protection
• Notification

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North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Your tool for success.
• Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.
• Purpose
• An aid for identification of the material
  involved.
• Outlines basic initial actions.
• Recommends protective action areas.
• Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

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Legal Mandates

• Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of
  1986 (SARA 1986).
• SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to
  develop safety regulations for responders.
• SARA Title III requires local communities and
  facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous
  materials emergencies.

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Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
(HazWOpER)

• OSHA and EPAs safety standard which was
  developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA
  Title I, Section 126.
• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR
  311.
• Enforced in Florida by the Florida Department of
  Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and
  EPA.

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Five Levels of Training

• First Responder Awareness Level
• First Responder Operations Level
• Hazardous Materials Technician
• Hazardous Materials Specialist
• Hazardous Materials Incident Commander

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Operational Modes

• Awareness and Operational level responders take
  DEFENSIVE actions.
• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE
  actions.
• The Unified Incident Commander coordinates the
  response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

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A Unit Summary

• Definition and difference
• T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards
• Duty to Act
• Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT!
• Employers Emergency Response Plan
• Five levels of training
• Two operational modes

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 2 - Hazard Identification

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Unit 2 - Hazard Identification

• Unit Objectives
• - Identify the six clues to the presence of
  hazardous materials.
• - Identify the various hazard classes of
  hazardous materials.
• - Describe ways in which you can determine the
  specific identity of a hazardous material.

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Remember your four goals!

• Recognition
• Isolation
• Protection
• Notification

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Six Basic Clues to Recognition

• 1 - Occupancy and location
• 2 - Container shape and size
• 3 - Placards and labels
• 4 - Shipping papers/facility
• documents
• 5 - Markings and colors
• 6 - Human senses

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Clue 1 - Occupancy and Location

• Specific occupancy or general area
• Fixed facilities
• Five modes of hazardous materials transportation
• Rail, air, marine, highway and pipeline
• Drug lab considerations-METH

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Clue 2 - Container Shape and Size

• Classifications
• Portable, fixed or transportation
• Pressure
• Non-pressurized, low or high pressure
• Vapor Pressure and Storage
• The higher the pressure, the greater the
  potential for catastrophic failure
• BLEVE

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Clue 3 - Placards and Labels

• Placards and their limitations
• Not always required
• The 1000 pound rule
• Placards and labels used for transport are based
  upon DOT Hazard Class
• Nine Hazard Classes
• Subdivided into divisions
• Refer to page 14 of 2004 ERG

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Clue 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
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Clue 5 - Markings and Colors

• Container colors are not always standardized
• UN/NA identification numbers
• NFPA 704 Diamond
• Military markings

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Clue 6 - Human Senses
High
TASTE TOUCH SMELL SIGHT SOUND
RISK LEVEL
Low
I love the smell of napalm in the morning
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Hazard Class 1 - Explosives

• Subdivided into 6 divisions
• 1.1 - Mass explosion hazard
• 1.2 - Projectile hazard
• 1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile
• 1.4 - Minor explosion
• 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives
• 1.6 - Extremely insensitive

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I TOLD YOU
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Hazard Class 2 - Gases

• Pressurized or liquified
• Compressed nitrogen and liquified petroleum gases
  (LPG) are examples
• Product and container present hazards
• Three Subdivisions
• 2.1 - Flammable gases
• 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous
• 2.3 - Poisonous Gases

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Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

• Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room
  temperature
• Combustible Liquids require some degree of
  pre-heating to ignite
• Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

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Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

• Three subdivisions
• 4.1 - Flammable Solids
• 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible
• 4.3 - Dangerous when wet

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Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify
  burn
• With strong fuels, oxidizers can create
  conditions which which can lead to violent
  combustion
• Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable

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Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious
Substances

• Poisonous to human
• Can include severely irritating substances
• Tear Gas, Hydrocyanic acid, Carbon
  Tetrachloride
• Infectious Substances
• Potential to cause diseases in humans
• Anthrax, human blood and many body fluids

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Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

• Ionizing radiation hazard
• Exposure does not always result in contamination
• Safety Rules
• Time, Distance and Shielding
• Shipped in specialized containers

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Hazard Class 8 - Corrosives
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Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

• ORM A - Dry Ice
• ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury
• ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts
• ORM D - Consumer commodities
• ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes

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Pesticide Labels

• Product name
• Active ingredients
• Signal word
• Caution
• Warning
• Danger (Poison)
• Precautionary statements

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard
  Communication Standard and The Florida
  Right-to-Know Law
• Found at fixed facilities
• Provides a variety of information
• Emergency Response Plans (ERP)
• Emergency Action Plans (EAP)

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Names/Characteristics of the Materials
• Types of Health, Fire, Reactivity Dangers
• Specific Techniques of Handling and or Equipment
  Needed
• Suggested First Aid for Victims

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Methods of Identification

• Sometimes things dont look right or smell right
  and immediate and informed decision making and
  looking in the right place for information can
  make all the difference in your day

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Methods of Identification

• Once you recognize, try to identify
• Location of material name
• Shipping papers
• MSDSs (fixed facilities)
• Facility Pre-Plans
• Employees and bystanders
• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify
  the material into a hazard class

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Unit Summary

• Goals of recognition and identification
• Recognize, Classify, Identify
• Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials
• Occupancy and location, container shape and size,
  placards and labels, shipping papers and facility
  documents, markings and colors, the human senses
• There are nine general classes of hazardous
  materials

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 3 - Taking Control

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Objectives

• Identify the procedures for initiating your
  Emergency Response Plan.
• Identify the proper procedures for implementing
  protective action distances.
• Take actions necessary to properly isolate the
  incident.

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NA-ERG

• North American Emergency Response Guidebook
• Origin
• Goal
• Purpose Limitations

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Steps for Proper Use of the ERG

• Recognize Identify Hazardous Materials
• Name
• Four digit ID number
• Placard description
• Look up the guide page number
• Take basic protective actions according to the
  guide page
• Initiate isolation and evacuation according to
  protective action distances

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Basic Protective Actions

• Your approach
• Your main objectives
• Isolate
• Protect by preventing contamination
• Initiate your Emergency Response Plan (Notify)
• Recognize

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Proper Guide Page Use
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Table of Protective Action Distances
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Protective Action Options

• Shelter in-place
• Short duration incidents
• Greater hazard to attempt to move
• Impractical to evacuate
• Evacuation
• Potential for massive fire or explosion
• Long duration incidents

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Emergency Response Information

• Firefighting
• Definition of Haz-Mat Fire
• Defensive Vs. Offensive
• Role of the awareness responder
• Spill / Leak Control
• Not an awareness level role
• First Aid
• Remember to prevent secondary contamination from
  any source

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Summary

• ERG provides guidelines
• You can find a guide page by
• Name, ID number or placard comparison
• Basic instructions - page 1
• Two indexes
• Orange guide pages
• Green protective action pages

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First Responder Awareness Training

• Unit 4-Decontamination

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Decontamination

• Primary Contamination-Direct Exposure to
  potentially toxic substance
• Secondary Contamination-Exposure when a
  contaminated person comes in contact with an
  uncontaminated person, like EMS

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Decontamination

• Methods of Decontamination are as
  followsDilution, Absorption, Neutralization,
  Isolation, Disposal.
• Field Decontamination Generally involves
  brushing, dilution, and removing the clothes of
  the victims.

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Decontamination

• Remember that no patient who undergoes field
  decon is ever truly decontaminated and that there
  is generally some risk of secondary contamination
  and this must be managed.

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Decontamination-Summary

• It is always better to deliever a grossly
  decontaminated patient that is living than a
  perfectly deconed one that is dead

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 5 - Termination

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Objectives

• Identify the three actions necessary for proper
  termination
• Identify the information that should be received
  by responders during onscene debriefing

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Reasons for Termination

• Required by OSHA
• Relates important information to the responders
• Insures exposures are documented
• Insures that we improve our future responses

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Steps to Proper Termination

• On-scene debriefing
• Incident critique
• After action analysis

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CONCLUSION

• DONT GET CAUGHT LIKE THIS CREW DID AND STAY
  AWARE AND SAFE!!!!!!!!! THEN WELL ALL GO HOME
  JUST LIKE DOROTHY AND HER FRIENDS

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THE END-FINALE

• Brought you by QA/Training Guys