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MDOT

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Title: MDOT


1
MDOT Topics in Safety
  • Dale Lighthizer, P.E. MDOT
  • Tracie Kalliainen, P.E. MDOT
  • Dean Kanitz, P.E. MDOT
  • Gary Osminski, P.E. HCRC

2
Today - SAFETY
  • The 5 Report
  • Local Safety Initiative An Update
  • A Local Perspective
  • Safety Funding Sources
  • Local Safety Initiative
  • Local Agency Programs
  • High Risk Rural Roads

3
5 Report
4
SAFETEA-LU
  • Signed into Law August 10, 2005
  • Effective through 2009
  • Authorizes Federal Surface Transportation
    Programs
  • Emphasizes Highway Safety
  • 836 Page Document

www.fhwa.dot.gov/safetealu/index.htm
5
THE 5 Report
  • SAFETEA-LU Requirement
  • Highway Safety Improvement Program
  • 23 U.S.C 148(c)(1)(D)
  • States are required to submit an annual report
    describing not less than 5 percent of their
    highway locations exhibiting the most severe
    safety needs.

safety.fhwa.dot.gov/safetealu/fiveguidance.htm
6
5 - Requirements
  • The 5 Worst Locations Statewide
  • No Min/Max
  • Potential Remedies 4Es
  • Estimated Costs for Remedies
  • Implementation Impediments
  • Other than Costs
  • To be made Public

safety.fhwa.dot.gov/fivepercent/06mi.htm
7
5 - Issues
  • Short Lead Time
  • What defines a severe safety need?
  • What data is available for use?
  • How to develop an initial list?
  • How should locations be targeted?

8
5 - Methodology
  • FY 2006 First Year
  • The initial list
  • Intersections
  • Segments
  • Crash data
  • Crash severity
  • Fatal crashes
  • Incapacitating injury crashes

9
5 - Methodology Cont
  • Intersection Segment Lists
  • Every location with a K/A Crash
  • Mathematical Magic
  • Ranking, Score, 3SD, Top 5
  • Most Severe Locations
  • 18 Intersections
  • 13 Segments

10
5 - Methodology Cont
  • Data Gathering
  • Crash Reports
  • Location
  • Jurisdiction
  • Field Reviews
  • Remedies
  • Impediments

11
5 - Reporting
12
5 - What Others Did
  • Other focuses include
  • Fixable Locations
  • SV ROR
  • Median Penetration
  • Seatbelt use, Alcohol/Speed involved
  • Minimum Crashes
  • State Routes Only (Data Limitations)
  • Etc.

13
5 - Field Review Issues
  • Problems weve encountered
  • Locations That Were Fixed
  • Pedestrians on freeways
  • Obvious fix BIG

14
5 - Process Revision
  • The process can be revised
  • Focus on fixable locations
  • Target certain crash types
  • Intersections
  • Human Behaviors

15
Local Safety Initiative
16
Other Safety Initiatives
  • AASHTO
  • Michigan SHSP
  • Michigan Intersection Action Plan
  • Crash Data
  • Legislation

17
What is LSI?
  • Developed for Local Agencies
  • MDOT Personnel to Provide Assistance in Reducing
    Crashes
  • Provide Traffic Engineering Services
  • Data
  • Enhance RoadSoft Safety Module
  • Projects

18
Safety Goals
  • AASHTO Safety Goal
  • 1.0 Fatalities per 100 MVMT by 2008
  • Michigan Safety Goal
  • 1.0 Fatalities per 100 MVMT by 2008
  • To meet this goal in 2005
  • 1,032 Fatalities
  • We had 1,133 Fatalities

19
Michigan Statistics - 2005
  • 121,000 Miles of Roads
  • 103.2 Billion Vehicle Miles Traveled
  • 351,000 Crashes
  • 1,034 Fatal Crashes
  • 1,133 Fatalities

20
Fatality Rates
1.28
1.10
21
How We Stack Up - 2005
  • MDOT
  • 8 Road Mileage
  • 51 VMT
  • 39 Crashes
  • 43 Fatalities
  • Local Agencies
  • 92 Road Mileage
  • 49 VMT
  • 61 Crashes
  • 57 Fatalities

22
Changing the Stats
  • How can we better those statistics?
  • 4 Es
  • Partnerships
  • GTSAC
  • Standing Committees
  • Traffic Advisory Groups

23
Our Process
  • An Agency gets started
  • Voluntary
  • High Level Analysis
  • Crash Analysis RoadSoft
  • Field Reviews Countermeasures
  • Projects Funding (to be discussed)
  • High Risk Rural Roads (to be discussed)

24
LSI Focus
  • Low Cost Improvements
  • Moderate Cost Improvements
  • NCHRP 500 Reports

25
Post-Field Review
  • Select Countermeasures
  • Perform/Contract Design
  • Funding
  • Implement Countermeasures
  • B/A Analysis

26
LSI Successes
  • 35 Counties have Volunteered
  • 10 under analysis
  • 13 Cities/Villages
  • Funding for 2 projects
  • To be discussed
  • Increased Safety awareness

27
Where the LSI is Going
  • Process Revisions
  • New Recruits
  • Rolling
  • Project Issues
  • Environmental
  • Coordination Issues
  • Subcontracting

28
To Achieve 1.0 by 2008
  • Continue
  • 4 Es
  • Partnering
  • Volunteer to be part of LSI

29
LSI Examples
  • Scenario 1
  • Intersection
  • Scenario 2
  • Intersection
  • Scenario 3
  • Horizontal Curve
  • Scenario 4
  • Tangent/Horizontal Curve
  • GAME TIME!

30
How to Play
  • A scenario is presented
  • .. Then
  • You suggest the countermeasures
  • This situation is similar to field reviews

31
Scenario 1
  • 2-way stop controlled intersection,
  • There is a history of users failing to observe
    the stop sign(s).
  • What could you do?

32
Possible Solutions
  • Supplemental Signing
  • Situational
  • Exceed Expectations
  • Sign Clutter
  • Signs
  • Placement
  • Size
  • Bottom Height
  • Lollipops
  • Flavor
  • Placement
  • Segments
  • Rumble Strips
  • Situational
  • Placement
  • Warrants
  • Types
  • Sight Distance
  • Alignment
  • Vertical
  • Horizontal
  • Brush / Trees
  • Access Management

33
Supplemental Signing Example
34
Signs Example
35
LollipopsExample(securing reflective sheeting
to sign posts)
36
Rumble Strips Example
37
Sight Distance Example
38
Scenario 2
  • Users on the minor approach stop at the
    intersection for the stop control.
  • There is a history of users proceeding into the
    intersection and getting hit.
  • What could you do?

39
Possible Solutions
  • Supplemental Signing
  • Cross Traffic Does not Stop W4-4p
  • Intersection Warning W2-1 W2-6 with an Adv.
    St Name Plaque (W16-8)
  • Sight Distance
  • Clear brush
  • Remove/Relocate fixed objects
  • Access Management
  • Increase horizontal alignment radius (widen
    curve)
  • Increase vertical alignment radius (lower hill or
    raise valley)

40
Scenario 3
  • Seemingly normal paved horizontal curve in a
    rural setting with a relatively flat vertical
    profile.
  • A history of vehicles leaving the roadway on a
    curve.
  • What could you do?

41
Possible Solutions
  • Curve Signing
  • Additional Signs
  • Larger Signs
  • Upgraded Sheeting
  • Bottom Height
  • Placement
  • Delineation
  • Pavement Markings
  • Standard
  • Wet / Night
  • Width
  • Chevrons
  • Target Arrows
  • Delineator Posts
  • Slope
  • Fatten
  • Delineation
  • Guardrail

42
Curve Signing Example
43
Delineation Example
44
Slope (Tangent or Curve) Example
45
Scenario 4
  • Paved tangent section with minor vertical curves
  • Vehicles are running off the road and hitting
    fixed objects.
  • What could you do?

46
Possible Solutions
  • Fixed Objects
  • Remove Lone trees
  • Relocate utility poles
  • Mailbox installation
  • Delineation
  • Rumble Stripes
  • Roadside Protection
  • Bridges/Culverts
  • End Treatments
  • Upgraded Rail
  • Delineation

47
Roadside Protection Example
  • Not so good.

So good.
48
Other Common Situations
  • Hidden Intersections
  • Parking Conflicts
  • Signalized Intersections
  • Traffic Control
  • Pedestrians/Bicycles

49
A Local Perspective
  • Successful local safety program
  • Board Support
  • Trained Employees
  • Local safety investigations
  • Always looking to improve
  • Listen
  • Working with LSI
  • LSI Projects

50
Being Proactive
  • Directional Signs
  • Delineator Posts
  • Curves
  • Culverts
  • Lollipop Signs
  • Rumble Strips
  • Flashing Beacons

51
Intersection Warning Study
  • Remove Emotion
  • Hazard Rating Non-Stop Accidents Total Rating
  • Total Rating 8 Warrants Rumble Strips
  • Total Rating 8 plus 3500 Intersection
    ADT
  • Warrants Flashing Beacon

52
Hazard Rating Criteria
  • High Traffic Count
  • -Intersection ADT Average is 1000 and
  • -Each Road ADT Average is 500
  • Speed Limit 55 m.p.h. or not posted
  • Rural Intersection
  • Paved all four directions
  • Primarily through traffic on both roads
  • All five criteria must be met to have the
    potential of being a hazardous intersection.

53
EXCEPTIONS
  • Any intersection with more than two non-stop
    accidents is automatically give a hazard rating
    of 5.

54
Non-Stop Accidents
  • Those accidents caused by the yield vehicle
    making no attempt to stop
  • Accidents caused by a vehicle pulling out in
    front of another vehicle after stopping, are not
    included in the count.

55
Formulas
  • Total Rating gt 8 rate
  • Rumble Strips
  • Total Rating gt 8 3500 ADT
  • Flashing Beacon

56
An Example
  • Intersection ADT (1000 500) 1500
  • Speed limit un-posted - 55 mph
  • Rural
  • All intersection approaches are paved
  • Through traffic on both roads
  • At this point the hazard rating is 5
  • Then look at crash history
  • Intersection has 8 crashes
  • 3 were Non Stop Crashes
  • TOTAL RATING 8

57
Working on LSI
  • Looking for the problems
  • Another set of eyes
  • Exchange Ideas
  • Funding Options

58
Projects with LSI
  • Lollipop Program
  • Intersection Improvement
  • Sight Distance
  • Guard Rail

59
Funding Options -
60
LSI Funds - 2 Types
  • Demonstration Projects
  • 100 LSI
  • Specific Project Types
  • 50k to 75k
  • Major Projects
  • Construction - 80/20
  • Up to 200k LSI share

61
LSI Funds - TOR
  • Time of Return (TOR) Analysis
  • Major projects require a TOR analysis and
    justification
  • LSI Staff to complete TOR
  • MDOT safety criteria will be used
  • Local Data

62
Local Agency Programs
  • James DLamater, P.E.
  • 517.335.2224
  • dlamaterj_at_michigan.gov
  • Local Agency Safety Funds
  • High Risk Rural Road Funds

63
Local Agency Safety Funds
  • Call for projects Project Application
  • Any road classification under local road
    jurisdiction
  • 80 Federal/20 Local Funding Split
  • Max 400,000 Federal Funds

64
High Risk Rural Road Funds
  • Call for projects Project Application
  • Agencies submit projects back
  • Projects are selected
  • Funding Splits
  • 100 Federal on certain projects (USC 23)
  • 90 Federal/10 Local
  • Max 500,000 Federal Funds

65
HRRR - Requirements
  • Most recent 5 years of crash data
  • At least 1 K or A crash
  • Certain National Functional Classes
  • Rural Local
  • Rural Minor Collector
  • Rural Major Collector

66
Safety Funds
  • The fix must mitigate the crashes
  • Tree clearing for run off road fixed object
    crashes
  • Centerline rumble strips for head on crashes
    involving distracted drivers
  • Additional curve signing for run off road crashes
    in curves
  • LSI is non-competitive
  • LAP Safety Funds HRRR are competitive
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