Gartner Day

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BPEL Building Standards-Based Business Processes
with Web Services
Session id 40024

• Nickolas KavantzasPrincipal Member, Technical
  Staff
• Oracle Application Server 10g, Orchestration
• Mike LehmannPrincipal Product Manager,
• Oracle Application Server 10g, Orchestration

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BPEL?
B E E P L E?B E E P E L L?B I P P L E?
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Web Services Meet Business Processes
Web Service 1
Web Service 4
Web Service 2
Web Service 5
Web Service 3
Web Service n
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Example Problem Space
Credit Service
Consolidate Results
PO Service
Client
Inventory Service
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Business Process Challenges

• Coordinate asynchronous communication between
  services
• Correlate message exchanges between parties
• Implement parallel processing of activities
• . . .

• Manipulate/transform data between partner
  interactions
• Support for long running business transactions
  and activities
• Provide consistent exception handling
• . . .

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Recent History of Business Process Standards
BPML (Intallio et al)
BPSS (ebXML)
WS-Choreography (W3C)
WSCI (Sun et al)
2000/05
2001/03
2001/05
2001/06
2002/03
2002/06
2003/01
2003/04
2002/08
XLang (Microsoft)
WSFL (IBM)
BPEL4WS 1.0 (IBM, Microsoft)
BPEL4WS 1.1(OASIS)
WSCL (HP)
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Orchestration vs. Choreography

• Orchestration
• Private process
• Steps of an executable workflow
• Process controlled by one party

• Choreography
• Public (abstract) process
• Sequence of observable messages
• Conversation made up of equals

1. CheckInv
Business Process
2. Available
3. Place Order
Derivation from Chris Peltz of HP JavaOne 2003
presentation
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Business Process Execution Language for Web
Services

• Version 1.0 released by IBM, Microsoft and BEA in
  August 2002
• Accompanied by WS-Coordination, WS-Transaction
  which remain unsubmitted to standards bodies
• Version 1.1 submitted to OASIS April 2003
• XML language for describing business processes
  based on Web services
• Convergence of XLANG (Microsoft) and WSFL (IBM)
• Amazing industry consensus in the last 6 months
• IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Sun, BEA, SAP, Siebel

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Value Proposition

• Portable business processes
• Built on top of an interoperable infrastructure
  of Web services
• Industry wide language for business processes
• Common skill set and language for developers
• Choice of process engines
• Standards lead to competitive offerings

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Standards Building Blocks of BPEL
Processes
BPEL4WS
Reliable Messaging
Security
Qualityof Service
Transactions
Coordination
UDDI
Discovery
WSDL
Description
SOAP
Messaging
XML,Encoding
HTTP,IIOP, JMS, SMTP
Transport
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BPEL Depends on WSDL and WSDL Extensions
Service Implementation Definition
Service
Port
Service Interface Definition
Binding
Port types define Operations
Message
Type
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BPEL Scenario Structure

• ltprocessgt
• lt! Definition and roles of process
  participants --gt ltpartnersgt ... lt/partnersgt
• lt!- Data/state used within the process --gt
• ltvariablesgt ... lt/variablesgt
• lt!- Properties that enable conversations --gt
• ltcorrelationSetsgt ... lt/correlationSetsgt
• lt!- Exception handling --gt
• ltfaultHandlersgt ... lt/faultHandlersgt lt!-
  Error recovery undoing actions --gt
• ltcompensationHandlersgt ... lt/compensationHandle
  rsgt
• lt!- Concurrent events with process itself --gt
• lteventHandlersgt ... lt/eventHandlersgt
• lt!- Business process flow --gt
• (activities)
• lt/processgt

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BPEL Activities

• Primitive Activities
• ltinvokegt
• ltreceivegt
• ltassigngt
• ltreplygt
• ltthrowgt
• ltterminategt
• ltwaitgt

• Structured Activities
• ltsequencegt
• ltswitchgt
• ltpickgt
• ltflowgt
• ltlinkgt
• ltwhilegt
• ltscopegt

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Partners

• Declare the Web services and roles used by the
  process
• Tied to WSDL of the process itself and the
  participating Web services by service link types

Partner 1(the process)
Partner 2
Partner 3
InventoryService
CreditService
PurchaseService
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Partners in BPEL
BPEL
ltpartnersgt ltpartner namecustomer"
serviceLinkTypelnspurchaseSLT
myRolepurchaseService/gt ltpartner
nameinventoryChecker serviceLinkTypelnsinven
torySLT myRoleinventoryRequestor
partnerRoleinventoryService/gt ltpartner
namecreditChecker serviceLinkTypelnscreditSL
T myRolecreditRequestor
partnerRolecreditService/gt lt/partnersgt
Purchase Process WSDL
Purchase Process PortType
ltsltserviceLinkType namepurchaseSLTgt
ltsltrole namepurchaseServicegt ltsltportType
nametnspurchasePT/gt lt/sltrolegt lt/sltservice
LinkTypegt
ltportType namepurchasePTgt ltoperation
name"sendPurchase"gt lt/operationgt lt/portTypegt
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Variables

• Messages sent and received from partners
• Persisted for long running interactions
• Defined in WSDL types and messages

Process
CustomerService
ltvariablegt
ltactivitygt
ltactivitygt
CustomerService
ltvariablegt
Persist/Retrieve
Persist/Retrieve
Persist/Retrieve
Persist
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Variables in BPEL
BPEL
ltvariablesgt ltvariable namePO
messageTypelnsPOMessage/gt ltvariable
nameInvoice messageTypelnsInvMessage/gt
ltvariable namePOFault messageTypelnsorderFau
ltType/gt lt/variablesgt
Purchase Process WSDL
ltmessage namePOMessagegt ltpart
namecustomerInfo typesnscustomerInfo/gt
ltpart namepurchaseOrder typesnspurchaseOrder
/gt lt/messagegt ltmessage name"InvMessage"gt
ltpart nameIVC typesnsInvoice/gt lt/messagegt lt
message nameorderFaultTypegt ltpart
nameproblemInfo typexsdstring/gt lt/messagegt
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How is Data Manipulation Done?

• Using ltassigngt and ltcopygt, data can be copied and
  manipulated between variables
• ltcopygt supports XPath queries to sub-select data

ltassigngt ltcopygt ltfrom variable"PO"
part"customerInfo"/gt ltto variablecreditReques
t part"customerInfo"/gt lt/copygt lt/assigngt
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Simple Activities

• Receive
• Wait for a partner inbound message
• Can be the instantiator of the business process
• Reply
• Synchronous response to a receive activity
• Response to the inbound receive from a partner
• Invoke
• Issue a request synchronously or asynchronously
• Pick
• Specify an inbound set of messages
• Can be the instantiator of the business process
• Activity completes when one of the messages
  arrives

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Simple Activities Combined with Structured
Activities
ltsequencegt
Receive ltPOgt
ltflowgt
Invoke ltInventoryServicegt
Invoke ltCreditServicegt
lt/sequencegt
Reply ltInvoicegt
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Sample Activities in BPEL
ltsequencegt ltreceive partnercustomer
portTypelnspurchaseOrderPT"
operationsendPurchaseOrder variablePO
createInstance"yes" /gt ltflowgt ltinvoke
partnerinventoryChecker portTypelnsinventory
PT operation"checkINV"
inputVariable"inventoryRequest"
outputVariable"inventoryResponse" /gt ltinvoke
partner"creditChecker" portTypelnscreditPT"
operation"checkCRED" inputVariable"credi
tRequest" outputVariable"creditResponse
" /gt lt/flowgt ... ltreply partnercustomer
portTypelnspurchaseOrderPT
operationsendPurchaseOrder variableinvoice"/gt
lt/sequencegt
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Links Control Flow
ltflowgt ltlinksgt ltlink name"XtoY"/gt ltlink
name"CtoD"/gt lt/linksgt ltsequence name"X"gt
ltsource linkName"XtoY"/gt ltinvoke name"A"
.../gt ltinvoke name"B" .../gt lt/sequencegt
ltsequence name"Y"gt lttarget linkName"XtoY"/gt
ltreceive name"C"/gt ltsource
linkName"CtoD"/gt lt/receivegt ltinvoke
name"E" .../gt lt/sequencegt ltinvoke
partner"D"gt lttarget linkName"CtoD"/gt
lt/invokegt lt/flowgt
ltflowgt
ltXgt
ltlink XtoYgt
ltYgt
ltlink CtoDgt
lt/flowgt
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Correlation
POCorrelationltPO_CustId 10gtltPO_OrdId
100gt
initiateyes
initiateyes
Customer
Seller

• SendPurchase
• ProcessPurchaseResponse

• AsynchPurchase
• AsynchPurchaseResponse

POResponseCorrelations ltPO_CustId
10gtltPO_OrdId 100gt ltInv_VendId
20gtltInv_InvId 200gt
initiateno patternout
initiateno
initiateyes patternout
initiateyes
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Correlations in BPEL
ltcorrelationSetsgt ltcorrelationSet name"POCorr"
properties"corcustId corordId"/gt
ltcorrelationSet name"InvoiceCorr"
properties"corvendId corinvId"/gt lt/correlationS
etsgt ... ltreceive partnerCustomer
portType"SPPurchaseOrderPT"
operation"AsynchPurchase" variable"PO"gt
ltcorrelationsgt ltcorrelation set"POCorr"
initiate"yes"gt lt/correlationsgt lt/receivegt
... ltinvoke partnerCustomer
portType"SPCustomerPT" operationProcessPurch
aseResponse" inputVariable"POResponse"gt
ltcorrelationsgt ltcorrelation set"POCorr"
initiate"no" pattern"out"gt ltcorrelation
set"InvoiceCorr" initiate"yes" pattern"out"gt
lt/correlationsgt lt/invokegt ...
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Scopes in BPEL
ltscopevariableAccessSerializable"yesno ...gt
ltvariablesgtlt/variablesgt ltcorrelationSetsgt?
... lt/correlationSetsgt ltfaultHandlersgtlt/faultHa
ndlersgt ltcompensationHandlergt? ...
lt/compensationHandlergt lteventHandlersgtlt/eventHa
ndlersgt (activities) lt/scopegt

• Provide a shared context for subset of activities
• Can contain
• fault handlers
• event handlers,
• compensation handler variables
• correlation sets
• Can serialize concurrentaccess to variables

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Long Running Transactions and Compensation
CreditService
ltscopegt

• CheckCredit
• ChargeHoldFee
• CancelHoldFee

InventoryService

• ReserveInventory
• CancelReserveInv

lt/scopegt
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Compensation Handlers in BPEL
ltscopegt ltcompensationHandlergt ltinvoke
partner"Seller" portType"SPPurchasing"
operation"CancelPurchase"
inputVariable"getResponse"
outputVariable"getConfirmation"gt
ltcorrelationsgt ltcorrelation
set"PurchaseOrder" pattern"out"/gt
lt/correlationsgt lt/invokegt lt/compensationHandler
gt ltinvoke partner"Seller" portType"SPPurchasin
g" operation"SyncPurchase"
inputVariable"sendPO"
outputVariable"getResponse"gt ltcorrelationsgt
ltcorrelation set"PurchaseOrder" initiateyes
pattern"out"/gt lt/correlationsgt
lt/invokegt lt/scopegt
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Exception Handling in BPEL

• ltfaultHandlersgt catch exception
• Based on WSDL port defining fault
• ltfaultHandlersgt can perform activities upon
  invocation

• ltfaultHandlersgt ltcatch faultName"lnscannotCompl
  eteOrder"
• faultVariable"POFault"gt
• ltreply partner"customer"
• portType"lnspurchaseOrderPT"
• operation"sendPurchaseOrder"
• variable"POFault"
• faultName"cannotCompleteOrder"/gt
• lt/catchgt
• lt/faultHandlersgt

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Just Show Me How to Do it!

• Compile
• Package
• Deploy

. . .
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Tooling Requirements

• IDE build your Web services
• WSDL authoring model your interfaces
• Schema authoring model your messages
• Process modeling model your orchestration
• Packaging and deployment
• Debugging
• Monitoring
• Analyzing

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D E M O N S T R A T I O N
Building a BPEL Scenario
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What Happened to Java?

• JSR 207 - Process Definition Language for Java
• Make business processes natural for Java
  programmers

Servlet
EJB
Application Server
Based on JSR 207 Session at JavaOne 2003
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What Happened to J2EE?

• JSR 208 Java Business Integration
• Make business processes a first class citizen in
  J2EE containers

JSR 208Machine SPI
Routing Engine
Transform Engine
BPEL Engine
. . .
Normalized Message Bus
Binding Framework
JSR 208Binding SPI
. . .
Based on JSR 208 Session at JavaOne 2003
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Oracles Strategy

• Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE
• BPEL runtime
• Oracle JDeveloper
• BPEL design time
• Oracle Application Server Integration
• Web service, B2B and EAI integration

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Remember BPEL Does Not Solve World Hunger

• No data transformation
• No data translation (EDI, binary formats )
• No human workflow
• No trading partner agreements
• Silent on existing business protocols (ebXML,
  RosettaNet )
• Silent on non Web service interactions (e.g. java
  to java)
• . . .

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But Remember People Are Trying to Solve World
Hunger

• W3C WS-Choreography
• Spec WS-Transaction
• Spec WS-Coordination
• Spec WS-Composite Application Framework
• OASIS WS-Reliability
• Spec ReliableMessaging
• Spec WS-Addressing
• OASIS WS-Security

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Parting Thoughts

• Business process portability?
• Java/J2EE is portable across application servers
• BPEL is portable independent of Java
• Programming language in XML?
• Does this hurt?
• Vendors, big and small, are busy building
  modellers
• Is BPEL in 2003/2004 J2EE in 1998?
• Much missing but compelling foundation

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Next Steps.

• Recommended sessions
• 36811 - Application Integration using Web
  Services
• 40053 - Develop, Deploy, and Manage Web Services
  with Oracle Application Server 10g
• Recommended demos and/or hands-on labs
• DemoGrounds See the Web Services Booth
• Hands On Developing and Deploying Enterprise Web
  Services with Oracle Application Server 10g
• See Your Business in Our Software
• Visit the DEMOgrounds for a customized
  architectural review, see a customized demo with
  Solutions Factory, or receive a personalized
  proposal. Visit the DEMOgrounds for more
  information.
• Relevant web sites to visit for more information
• http//otn.oracle.com/tech/webservices

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