Ethanoldiesel blend in Indian buses

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Ethanol/diesel blend in Indian buses Aditi
Dass, Winrock International India
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CONTENTS

• Ethanol - Indian scenario
• Case Study
• CDM Overview

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• ETHANOL - INDIAN SCENARIO

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ETHANOL SOURCES

• Molasses a byproduct of sugar industry
• Sugarcane - Major source of ethanol production in
  India.
• Sugar beet Sugar beet cultivation and its
  processing to ethanol is not very popular in the
  country
• Starch (grain, corn etc) - Corn oil is edible and
  its use in India for production of ethanol is not
  considered

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ETHANOL CAPACITY IN INDIA

• Second largest producer of sugarcane in the world
  - 315.5 million tonnes per annum
• Fourth largest producer of ethanol
• Annual production of 2.3 billion liters in
  2006-07
• Capacity utilization of 65

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ETHANOL PRODUCTION
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Vehicular Growth In India
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Growth in the Consumption of Petroleum Products
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INDIAN TRANSPORT EMISSION SCENARIO

• Increase in number of vehicles
• 0.3 million in 1951
• 65 million in 2003
• Transport sector accounts for
• 25 energy consumption
• 12-15 of GHG emission
• Apart from CO2 substantial amounts of other
  pollutants such as SPM, HC, NOx and CO are also
  emitted
• Expected growth in the sector poses a serious
  threat to climate change

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GOVERNMENT ACTIONS ON ETHANOL
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MARKETS FOR BIOFUELS AS TRANSPORTATION FUEL

• During Mar 2003 to Sep 2004, 0.37 billion liters
  of ethanol purchased by the oil industry as part
  of the 5 ethanol blending program
• During 2003-04, sugar cane production went down
  due to drought and ethanol producers were unable
  to meet demand of oil companies
• During 2003-07, ethanol prices increased from INR
  15.50/l (0.4/lt to INR 25.10/lt (0.65/lt)

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BIOFUELS IN INDIA - CHALLENGES

• Produce large quantities of biofuels at prices
  competitive with fossil fuel products
• Back-to-back arrangements from farmer to expeller
  to bio-diesel manufacturer to final consumers
• Financial viability of the biofuels
• Varied experience in yield levels and crop
  management practices

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• CASE STUDY

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PROJECT IN KARNATAKA

• Project carried out by Karnataka State Road
  Transport Corporation (KSRTC), a Public Sector
  Undertaking with 10,000 bus fleet
• Technology provider Energetics Pte Ltd.,
  Singapore
• Fuel is also known as EnerDieselTM
• Started in 2006, trail run with 126 buses
• Currently, 450 buses in 4 depots are running in
  EnerdieselTM
• Proposed use of ethanol-diesel blend in 4000
  buses

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COMPOSITION OF ENERDIESELTM

• 91.8 of diesel
• 7.7 of ethanol
• 0.5 of the company's patented additive to
  provide a technical and commercially viable clear
  homogenous and stable fuel
• Onsite blending
• The dosing units are microprocessor controlled
  and it delivers ethanol and the additive at
  precise quantities into the existing fuel line
• Hassle free and highly accurate blending
  operations

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RESULTS

• Blending with 1015 results in decrease in fuel
  efficiency
• Blending with optimal percentage of ethanol
  (7.7) resulted in increase in fuel efficiency by
  1.75
• Smoke reduction of 30 after a week of use and
  60 after 4 weeks of use
• Reduction in other parameters like Particulate
  matter, CO and NOX

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ADVANTAGES OF ENERDIESELTM

• Enhanced lubricity
• High Cetane number
• Improved corrosion resistance
• Excellent response and power
• No engine modifications required
• Increased life of engine and other components
• Increased life of engine oil

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• CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

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SECTOR-WISE BREAK-UP OF 859 PROJECTS (AS OF 05
Dec)
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BIOFUEL CDM PROJECTS AT VALIDATION 05 DEC

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BIOFUEL CDM PROJECTS AT VALIDATION 05 DEC
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RECENT CDM DEVELOPMENTS

• Baseline and monitoring methodologies approved
• Bus rapid transport (project registered)
• Biodiesel (from waste cooking oil)
• Other transport methodologies in the pipeline
• More biofuels
• Efficient transportation
• Other sectors quite well represented

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CDM-ability of Biofuel Projects

• Proposed new methodologies under consideration
  Baseline methodology crucial (one approved)
• Additionality biofuel support policies/
  regulatory measures already in place may question
  additionality of CDM

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Thank You