How is PGS/PGD performed?

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How is PGS/PGD performed?

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Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) or Diagnosis (PGD) is conducted during in vitro fertilization. After embryos develop, a few cells are removed and analyzed for genetic abnormalities. PGS screens for chromosomal abnormalities, while PGD identifies specific genetic defects. This helps select healthy embryos for implantation, reducing the risk of genetic disorders. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: How is PGS/PGD performed?


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In the realm of assisted reproductive
technologies, Preimplantation Genetic Screening
(PGS) and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
have emerged as groundbreaking tools, providing
new hope for couples seeking to build their
families while mitigating the risk of genetic
disorders. These techniques offer a glimpse into
the genetic makeup of embryos before
implantation, allowing for a more informed and
personalized approach to fertility treatments.
Lets delve into the intricacies of PGS/PGD and
explore how they are performed.
Submit
Understanding PGS and PGD
  • Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) PGS
    involves the examination of embryos for
  • chromosomal abnormalities. This screening helps
    identify embryos with the correct number of
    chromosomes, reducing the risk of implantation
    failure and miscarriage. The procedure is
    particularly beneficial for couples with a
    history of recurrent pregnancy loss or advanced
    maternal age.
  • Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Unlike
    PGS, PGD focuses on identifying specific genetic
    conditions within embryos. This technique is
    invaluable for couples with a known genetic
    disorder or those who are carriers of a
    particular genetic mutation. PGD allows for the
    selection of embryos free from the targeted
    genetic condition, minimizing the chances of
    passing it on to the next generation.

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The PGS/PGD Process
  • Ovulation Stimulation and Egg Retrieval The
    process begins with the stimulation of the
  • womans ovaries to produce multiple eggs. These
    eggs are then retrieved through a minor surgical
    procedure.
  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) In a laboratory
    setting, the retrieved eggs are fertilized with
    sperm to create embryos. The fertilization is
    monitored closely to ensure the development of
    healthy embryos.
  • Blastocyst Culture Embryos are cultured for a
    few days until they reach the blastocyst stage.

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  • This is a critical juncture for PGS/PGD, as the
    cells needed for genetic analysis are obtained
    from
  • the outer layer of the blastocyst.
  • Biopsy A small number of cells are carefully
    removed from the trophectoderm (outer layer) of
    the blastocyst for analysis. This minimally
    invasive procedure is crucial for obtaining
    genetic information without compromising the
    embryos viability.
  • Genetic Analysis The extracted cells undergo
    comprehensive genetic testing, either through
    next-generation sequencing or other advanced
    techniques. PGS evaluates chromosomal content,
    while PGD targets specific genetic conditions.
  • Embryo Selection and Transfer Based on the
    genetic analysis, embryos without identified
    abnormalities are selected for transfer into the
    womans uterus. This personalized approach
    increases the likelihood of a successful
    pregnancy.
  • Conclusion
  • As we navigate the frontier of reproductive
    technologies, PGS and PGD stand as pioneers in
    enhancing the success rates of fertility
    treatments and reducing the risk of genetic
    disorders. By allowing couples to make informed
    decisions about embryo selection, these
    techniques open new doors for creating healthy
    and thriving families. As technology continues to
    advance, the future holds even more promise
  • for refining and expanding the applications of
    PGS and PGD in the realm of assisted reproduction.

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