SYNOPTIC PROBLEM

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SYNOPTIC PROBLEM MARKAN PRIORITY
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WHATS THE PROBLEM?

• THREE GOSPELS ARE SIMILAR (SYNOPTIC) MATTHEW,
  MARK, LUKE
• IN SOME CASES, THEY ARE WORD-FOR-WORD IDENTICAL
• IN SOME CASES, MATTHEW LUKE ARE IDENTICAL MARK
  IS SILENT OR DIFFERENT
• SOME MATERIAL IN ONE GOSPEL ONLY

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WHAT DO WE KNOW?

• MARK IS THE SHORTEST
• LUKE CLAIMS TO HAVE USED SOURCES (LK. 11)
• 90 OF MARK APPEARS IN MATTHEW (50 APPEARS IN
  LUKE)
• WHEN EITHER MATT OR LUKE DIFFER WITH MARK, SO
  DOES THE OTHER!
• MATT AND LUKE NEVER MAKE THE SAME CHANGES IN THE
  SAME PLACE (WITH 2 EXCEPTIONS)!

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POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

• NO LITERARY CONNECTION MYSTERY OF THE SPIRIT
• ORAL TRANSMISSION
• AUGUSTINE MATTHEW FIRST, MARK SECOND, LUKE THIRD
• GRIESBACH HYPOTHESIS CONFLATION MARK
  ABBREVIATED MATT LUKE
• MARKAN PRIORITY LUKE AND MATTHEW USED MARK AS A
  COMMON SOURCE

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WHAT ABOUT Q?

• MARKAN PRIORITY DOESNT ANSWER EVERYTHING
• MATTHEW AND LUKE SHARE MATERIAL IN SOME AREAS
  THAT MARK SAYS NOTHING ABOUT
• THUS, A POSSIBLE LITERARY SOURCE (Q FROM GERMAN
  QUELLE MEANING SOURCE)

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DONT GO Q-AZY!

• THIS IS A HYPOTHESIS
• THERE IS NO Q DOCUMENT IN EXISTENCE
• SOME SCHOLARS HAVE GONE OVERBOARD COMMENTARY ON
  Q Q COMMUNITY ETC.
• WE ARE SIMPLY TALKING ABOUT MATERIAL COMMON TO
  MATTHEW AND LUKE, NOT COMMON TO MARK!

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SUMMARY

• I WILL ASSUME MARKAN PRIORITY, AND THE
  TWO-SOURCE HYPOTHESIS MATTHEW AND LUKE USED
  MARK AND Q BUT OUR STUDY IS NOT DEPENDENT ON
  EITHER!
• MATTHEWS OWN MATERIAL IS M
• LUKES OWN MATERIAL IS L
• MATERIAL PECULIAR TO MARK IS VERY RARE (MK).

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HOW THIS HELPS

• M MATERIAL REVEALS MATTHEWS KEY EMPHASIS AND
  CONCERNS IDEM., LUKE.
• WHEN MATT LUKE OMIT MARK, IT IS SUGGESTIVEBUT
  OF WHAT?!
• GOD WORKS IN AND THROUGH HUMAN EFFORTS (I.E.,
  LITERARY)
• EACH WRITER IS A PREACHER AND A THEOLOGIAN, NOT
  JUST A BIOGRAPHER

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PARALLEL 1 JOHN THE BAPTIST

• MATT 311-17 MK 17-11 LK 315-21
• MT MK KNOW MARKS VERSION
• MT LUKE FOLLOW SECOND FORM
• AND FIRE
• COMBINE SANDALS WITH BAPTISM PREDICTION
• WINNOWING FORK UNQUENCHABLE FIRE
• LUKES CHANGES
• ADDS V. 15 OPTATIVE MOOD
• GIVES PREFACE TO STORY (FOCUS ON JESUS)
• V.18 JB IS PART OF NEW ERA AS PROCLAIMER OF GOOD
  NEWS
• V.21 JESUS WAS PRAYING

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PARALLEL 1 JOHN THE BAPTIST

• MATT 311-17 MK 17-11 LK 315-21
• LUKES POINT JESUS IS GODS MAN
• MATTHEWS CHANGES
• V. 14-15 FULL OF MATTHEAN VOCABULARY FULFILL
  RIGHTEOUSNESS
• JB IS RELUCTANT TO BAPTIZE JESUS
• JESUS IS EXAMPLE, PROTOTYPE
• MATTHEWS POINT JESUS IS RIGHTEOUS EXAMPLE,
  LEADER TO FOLLOW

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PARALLEL 2 THE BEATITUDES

• MATT 53-12 LK 620-26
• MT5 EXTRA BEATITUDES
• LKLIST OF WOES
• WOES BEATITUDES GO TOGETHER
• WOES MAKE NO SENSE WITHOUT BEATITUDES
• DID LUKE USE MATTHEW? WHY OMIT 5 BEATITUDES?
  (MERCY IN MT 57 CP. GOOD SAMARITAN IN LUKE
  1025-37)
• LIKELY BEATITUDES CAME TO LUKE AND MATTHEW FROM A
  COMMON SOURCE (Q)

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PARALLEL 2 THE BEATITUDES

• MATT 53-12 LK 620-26
• MATTHEWS ACCOUNT
• WISDOM CONCERNING REWARDS FOR VIRTUOUS LIVING
  (CP. PSALM 1, 37)
• ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COMMUNITY OF FAITH
• M ADDITIONS V.6 AFTER RIGHTEOUSNESS
• CONCERN IS RIGHT-DOING FRUITS (520, 48)
• V.3 IN SPIRIT (CP. PSALM 37)

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PARALLEL 2 THE BEATITUDES

• MATT 53-12 LK 620-26
• LUKES ACCOUNT
• ESCHATOLOGICAL ABOUT FUTURE REVERSAL
  ENCOURAGEMENT FOR FUTURE
• ESCHATOLOGICAL PROMISES FOR THOSE IN ECONOMICAL
  OPPRESSION (POOR, HUNGRY, WEEPING)
• KEY IN LUKE SUFFERING (622)
• V.21, V.25 LAUGHING WILL WEEP (WOE) WEEPING
  WILL LAUGH (BLESSING)

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PARALLEL 3 HEALING OF CENTURIONS SERVANT

• MATT 85-10, 13 LK 71-10
• ONE OF FEW STORIES MT AND LK HAVE IN COMMON
• CLOSE AGREEMENT (MORE SO IN THE SAYINGS THAN THE
  NARRATIVE)
• LUKES ACCOUNT
• ADDS V.3-5 GIVER AND FRIEND TO JUDAISM (ACTS 10)
• ADDS DETAIL (LK 11-4)
• ADDS IN V.2 CLOSE TO DEATH
• JESUS IN LUKE RARELY HAS CONTACT WITH GENTILES
  USUALLY RESERVED FOR ACTS

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PARALLEL 3 HEALING OF CENTURIONS SERVANT

• MATT 85-10, 13 LK 71-10
• MATTHEWS ACCOUNT
• ADDS V.11-12 (FOUND IN LK 1328-29) HIGHLIGHTS
  CONTRAST BETWEEN ISRAEL GENTILES
• SONS OF THE KINGDOM NATIONAL ISSUES, NOT JUST
  INDIVIDUALS.
• I WILL COME AND CURE HIM MISSION?
• WILL I COME AND CURE HIM? HESITANT?
• LUKES POINT GENTILE CONCERN
• MATTHEWS POINT JEWISH CONCERN