Post WW1 Reflections:

1

• Post WW1 Reflections
• Art, Architecture,
  Film
• 3 Primary Movements
• Dada or Dadaism (linked with Surrealism)
• Expressionism (German)
• as opposed to Impressionism (prior)
• Avant-garde
• (related to Cubism, Surrealism, Modernism, etc.)

2

• Dada (or Dadaism)
• Western European arts literary movement during
  1916-1923
• According to proponents, Dada was not art it
  was anti-art
• Sought authentic reality-- ridiculed traditional
  contemporary
• culture aesthetic (beautiful) forms
• Produced anti-aesthetic creations protest
  activities
• Embraced anarchy irrationality
• Engendered disgust for bourgeois (middle class)
  values
• despair over WW1
• Closely connected to Surrealism Avant-garde
  art
• movements inspired Pop Art

3
Dada Art Kleine Dada Soirée, by T. van Doesburg
(Dutch) K. Schwitters (German) 1922.
Lithograph
4
Dada Art Francis Picabia (French) Dada
Movement. 1919. Ink on paper,
5
Dada Art Hannah Höch (German) Cut with the Dada
Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly
Cultural Epoch in Germany, 1919. Collage of
pasted papers.

6
Dada Art Francis Picabia, (French)
Conversation II, c. 1922 Watercolor on
composition board
7
Dada Art (French) Trousse d'un Da Jean Arp,
1920-1921 Assemblage of driftwood nailed onto
wood with some remains of old painting
8
Dada Art Raoul Hausmann (Austrian) Mechanical
Head or, The Spirit of Our Time,
1919 Assemblage the head of a mannequin in wood,
with diverse objects attached to it
9
Dada Art Marcel Duchamp (French), Fountain,
1917 White glazed ceramic plumbing fixture
painted signature was submitted to the jury-free
1917 Independents exhibition but was suppressed
by the hanging committee.
10
Dada ArtNetwork of Stoppages, 1914.Marcel
Duchamp. (American, born France. Oil pencil
on canvas
11

• Dada to Surrealism
• The unapologetically mad mood and tone of Dada
  and Surrealism began as a response to the horrors
  of World War I.
• From entering a urinal in an art competition to
  declaring their own Pope to creating a telephone
  from a lobster, the Dadas and Surrealists defied
  convention, sneered at traditional sensibilities,
  embraced, even flaunted, nihilism.
• Dadas and Surrealist art, artists, legendary
  pranks, philosophical underpinnings equal two
  of the most irreverent, imaginative movements in
  the 20th century.

12
Surrealism Saladore Dalis (Spanish) famous
Lobster telephone, 1936
13
SurrealismSalvador Dali (Spanish. The
Persistence of Memory (1931) is one of Dalí's
most famous works
14

• Expressionism
• A main current of art in the later 19th 20th
  centuries
• Typical of a wide range of modern artists art
  movements
• A permanent tendency in Germanic Nordic art
  from the European Middle Ages
• Erupted particularly in times of social change or
  spiritual crisis
• Depicts not objective reality but subjective
  emotions responses aroused
• Represented by distortion, exaggeration,
  primitivism, fantasy
• Through vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic
  application of formal elements

15

• Expressionist
• Architecture (German)
• Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
• Friedrichstraße Skyscraper Project
• Berlin-Mitte, 1921

16
Expressionist Architecture (German) Chiehaus
by Fritz Höger, 1923
17
Expressionism Wassily Kandinsky (Russian) On
White II Oil on Canvas, 1923.
18

• Expressionism
• Side of Beef
• by Chaim Soutin (French)
• Oil on canvas, c. 1925.

19
Expressionism by Max Pechstein (German) Indian
and Woman Oil on canvas, 1910
20
Expressionism Otto Dix (German) Prague
Street Oil and collage on canvas, 1920. War
veterans' leagues were particularly sensitive to
ultra-nationalist propaganda and anti-Semitism
was an early component, even before it became
Nazi dogma. At the same time, this painting gives
us an analysis of German society after the
defeat, and foreshadows what it was to become
during the inter-war period.
21
Expressionism Otto Dix (German) Meal in the
SappingTrench, 1924. Watercolor - a metaphor
for the destruction of the flesh.
22

• Expressionist Film (German)
• Conveyed through decor the subjective mental
  state of the protagonist
• Suggests hallucinations, drunkenness,
  instability, dizziness by creating illogical
  angles images
• Growing stability in Germany after 1924 hastened
  movement's decline in the late 1920s.
• Shown The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari

23
Film Expressionism (German) Most Famous The
Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Dir. Robert Wiene,
1919 A madman relates how he came to be in the
asylum.
24
Expressionist Film (German) Nosferatu Dir.
Murnau, 1922
25

• Avant-garde Art
• People often use the term in French English to
  refer to people or works that are experimental or
  novel, particularly with respect to art, culture,
  politics
• According to its champions, the avant-garde
  pushes the boundaries of what is accepted as the
  norm within definitions of art/culture/reality.

26
Avant-garde Art Book jacket
27
Avant-garde Art
28
Avant-garde Art Charles Demuth (French) Rue du
Singe qui Pêche, Influenced by Cubism Tempera
on board, 1921
29
Post WW1 John Lavery (Irish) The Cemetery,
Etaples. Naturalist Style. Oil on canvas, 1919.
30
Post WWI C. R. W. Nevinson, The Harvest of
Battle Oil on canvas, 1919 Descriptive realism.