Renaissance Art

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Renaissance Art

• By S.Z.

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The School of Athens by Raphael

• About Raphael
• (April 6, 1483 April 6, 1520)
• Raphael was an Italian painter and
  architect. His father, Giovanni Santi, was also a
  painter in Urbino. He was orphaned at eleven. His
  first documented work was an altarpiece for the
  church of San Nicola of Tolentino. It was
  finished in 1501. In 1504 he went to Florence,
  and studied the work of Leonardo da Vinci and
  Michelangelo. He spent four years there but
  worked in other places as well. In 1508, he moved
  to Rome and was immediately hired by Julius II to
  paint rooms at his palace at the Vatican. In 1514
  he was named the architect of St Peter's. A lot
  of his work there was changed after his death,
  but he designed other buildings and was most
  important architect and painter in Rome.

About the work of art The School of Athens


is one of the most famous
paintings by Raphael.

It was
painted between 1509 and 1510 as part of
Raphael's job to decorate (with frescoes) the
rooms
in the Apostolic Palace. The painting was
positioned over the philosophical section of the
library of Pope
Julius II, so it shows
the greatest philosophers, scientists and
mathematicians of the time. Plato and

Aristotle are standing in the center of the
painting at the top of the steps. Plato is
pointing upwards towards Heaven and Aristotle is
pointing towards the earth. Diogenes is lying on
the steps in front of them to show that he
despised all material wealth and the lifestyle
associated with it. To the left of the picture
is a big stone block which symbolizes St. Peter,
or Christ. There is a man leaning on the block
that is Heraclites but is meant to be
Michelangelo. In 1510, Raphael went into the
Sistine Chapel to view Michelangelo work on it.
He was so amazed at his work that Raphael put
Michelangelo into his art. Raphael painted a
portrait of his self in the lower-right of the
picture.
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Crucifixion by Bernardo Daddi
Bernardo Daddi -He became one of the major
painters in Florence after the death of his
teacher, Giotto. Daddi became the leading painter
of Florence during his generation. He directed a
workshop that specialized in small panels and
portable altarpieces. One of his works was for
the Church of Ognissanti in1328. His style was
much like his teachers (Giotto). He was also
influenced by the Sienese art of Lorenzetti. His
last work dates about 1347, and many believe that
he died the next year.
Creation Start Date 1326 Creation End Date
1328 Creation Date before 1328 Object Type
Paintings Materials and Techniques Tempera on
panel
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Vitruvian Man, c.1492 by Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (April 15, 1452
May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath scientist,
mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist,
painter, sculptor, architect, musician, and
writer. He was born and raised in Italy, and the
son of, Messer Piero, and a peasant woman,
Caterina. He was considered to be one of the
greatest painters of all time. Leonardo had come
up with ideas that were ahead of his time, such
as helecopters, solar power, and calculators. He
advanced the knowledge in the fields of anatomy,
astronomy, civil engineering, optics, and the
study of water.

• Vitruvian Man" is a correlation of the symmetry
  of the human body with the symmetry of the
  universe. It was crafted in pen and ink on paper,
  and related upon this concept by symbolizing the
  material existence with a square and the
  spiritual plane with a circle. It contains 16
  different poses.

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The Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (April 15, 1452
May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath scientist,
mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist,
painter, sculptor, architect, musician, and
writer. He was born and raised in Italy, and the
son of, Messer Piero, and a peasant woman,
Caterina. He was considered to be one of the
greatest painters of all time. Leonardo had come
up with ideas that were ahead of his time, such
as helecopters, solar power, and calculators. He
advanced the knowledge in the fields of anatomy,
astronomy, civil engineering, optics, and the
study of water.
Mona Lisa, also known as La Gioconda (La
Joconde), is a 16th century oil painting on wood.
It is one of the most famous paintings in the
world. It is now owned by the French government
where it hangs in the Musée du Louvre in Paris.
The painting, which is a half-length portrait,
details a woman whose gaze stares into the
viewer's with an expression often described as
enigmatic.
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Virgin and Child with St. Anne by Andrea Sansovino
Andrea Sansovino (1467 - 1529) Andrea Sansovino
was born in Monte San Savino. His sculptures are
located in Florence, but a lot of his famous
works were created in Rome. From 1513 to 1527,
Sansovino was working as the head sculptor for
the shrine of the Holy House. He was the leading
Venetian sculptor of the Renaissance. Sansovino's
work was ultimately derived from Leonardo da
Vincis work.

• In Sanaovinos sculpture, the face of the
  Virgin makes a young Roman matron that relates to
  a religious time.

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Bacchus, 1510 by Jacopo Sansovino

•  JACOPO SANSOVINO
• (1477-1570)
• Italian sculptor, he was called Sansovino after
  his master Andrea. He became Andreas student in
  1500, and in 1510 accompanied him to Rome, where
  he studied antique sculpture. Julius II employed
  him to restore damaged statues. He carved a nude
  figure of "Bacchus."

Sansovino's architectural works have much beauty
of proportion and grace. His carvings were
considered always beautiful.
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The Sistine Chapelby
Michelangelo

• Michelangelo
• (March 6, 1475 February 18, 1564)
• was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect, poet
  and engineer. His rival was Leonardo da Vinci.
  Two of his best-known works, the Pietà and the
  David and also created two of the most
  influential fresco paintings the scenes from
  Genesis on the ceiling and The Last Judgement on
  the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel in Rome. He
  helped to revolutionize classical architecture.

The Sistine Chapel is a chapel in the Apostolic
Palace, the official residence of the Pope, in
the Vatican City. It is famous because of its
architecture. It is frescoed throughout by the
greatest Renaissance the ceiling is legendary,
and the purpose is because it is a site of
religious activity.
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The Prince by Machiavelli

• Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (May 3,
  1469 June 21, 1527) was an Italian
  political philosopher, musician, poet, and
  romantic comedic playwright. He is a figure of
  the Italian Renaissance and a central figure of
  its political aspect, most widely known for his
  treatises on realist political theory (The
  Prince) on the one hand and republicanism on the
  other.

Machiavelli's best work is The Prince. In this
book he describes arts by which a Prince can
retain control of his realm. He mainly discusses
"new prince. He discusses what the prince should
do for the greater good. The Prince doesn't tell
the reader what an ideal prince or principality
is. Machiavelli explains through examples which
kind of prince is the most successful in gaining
power. He takes a lot from personal observations.
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Gutenberg Bible
Johannes Gutenberg (1398 February 3, 1468)
was a German goldsmith and inventor credited
with inventing movable type printing in Europe.
His major work, the Gutenberg Bible.

• Gutenberg Bible, also known as the
  42-line bible, has high aesthetic and technical
  quality. Among Gutenberg's contributions were the
  design of movable type, the invention of a
  process for making such type in quantity (mass
  production), the use of oil-based ink, and the
  use of a wooden printing press similar to the
  screw olive and wine presses of the period. In
  1455 Gutenberg published his 42-line Bible, known
  as the Gutenberg Bible. About 180 were printed,
  most on paper.

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Florence Cathedral- Filippo Brunelleschi

• Filippo Brunelleschi
• (13371446)
• is considered to be the first Renaissance
  architect. He was originally trained as a
  goldsmith in Florence but he soon turned became
  interested in architecture. He traveled to Rome
  to study ancient buildings. Brunelleschi's
  structures appear simple but they rest on a
  system of proportion. Brunelleschi began with a
  unit of measurement where repetition throughout
  the building created harmony. This building is
  based on a cube, which determines the height of
  and distance between the columns, and the depth
  of each bay.

Among his greatest accomplishments is the
engineering of the dome of Florence Cathedral
(Santa Maria del Fiore, also known as the Duomo).
He was also the first to use the classical orders
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian in a consistent and
appropriate manner.