ESCI 444Exploration Geophysics II Reflection Seismic Data Processing

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ESCI 444-Exploration Geophysics IIReflection
Seismic Data Processing
Spring, 2007

• Steve H. Danbom, Ph.D., P.G.
• Adjunct Professor
• Office - Room 206A
• Office Hours By Appointment

Lecture Week 14 Processing seismic
reflections 3-D seismic data
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WHATS SO GOOD ABOUT 3-D

• 3-D Migration of Data Improves Image
• Extracted 2-D Line Can Connect Wells
• X-Section and Map Views Both Available
• Logistics of Survey Area Accommodated
• Stratigraphy of Area Dramatically Imaged
• Adding Time Dimension (4-D) Allows Reservoir
  Studies from Seismology

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SOME DATA FROM ARCO
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To make an isochron map of a domal feature, trace
sequential time slices of a common-phase event
onto a common image.
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3-D seismic data are collected in bins.
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Schematic showing how to acquire 3-D seismic data
over an exploration block without going onto
block with the equipment.
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3-D seismic data seiscrop (top) and profile
(below) that connects wells that are not in a
straight line.
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EXAMPLE OF IMAGED FAULT
ORIENTATION OF 2-D LINE... There is an axiom in
reflection seismology that says orientation of
the seismic reflection line is the single most
important item in acquisition and processing of
the data. These lines, taken from a 3-D data
volume illustrate this.
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HERES A GOOD IDEA
Certain identified formational tops can be
isolated in the 3-D data volume and then the
other data can be made transparent...
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BUT THIS???
How do you know when enough is enough...
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OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMIC
3-D SURVEY WITH GEOPHONES For this example
the seismic data shown have been 3-D migrated and
the marine data acquisition was acquired
with geophones connected to the ocean bottom
instead of hydrophones trailed in a streamer
behind the boat.
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3-D EXPLORATION SEISMOLOGY
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