CALENDARS

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CALENDARS

• E. K. Kangethe, University of Nairobi
• Department of PHPT

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CALENDARS

• Understand changes taking place over course of
  time
• Adjust time unit depending on culture time unit
  Moslem indigenous time systems
• Use 18 month scale to avoid chopping up
• Include anything happening over time animal
  management, crops, health, migration, labor
  patterns, rainfall, activity etc

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1. Daily Activity Profile or Calendar

• Segregated groups
• List chronologically order of activities during
  the day and location of the activities
• Include productive reproductive and social
  cultural activities
• Have women do a daily activity for men as
  perceived by women and vice versa

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1. Daily Activity Profile- Calendar

• Hold discussions on division of labor, peaks of
  the work load

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1. Daily Activity Profile- Calendar
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2. Activity Calendar

• Gender segregated
• Visualization of gender division of labor during
  day, season, year etc
• Gives insight into type of activities
  reproductive, productive, social
• What is done by whom, when and time it takes, how
  often and where it is done

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2. Activity Calendar
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2. Activity Calendar

• Instead of a chart use drawings of Man, Woman,
  man and woman and child.
• Below each drawing scatter cards- various
  activities
• Ask participants to sort out cards categorizing
  them under the drawings
• Those that are shared equally put under man and
  woman

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2. Activity- Calendar

• Time allocation specifies what of time is
  allocated to each activity daily, monthly
  yearly, seasonal
• Location specifies where an activity is performed
  homestead, market field travel time and
  distance associated with activity

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2. Activity- Questions to consider

• Involvement of each category in UA activities
• How do the workloads compare?
• Which are the most burdensome tasks?
• Who is responsible for these?
• Who does the productive tasks?
• What activities take priority in time of labor
  constraints? Who does them?
• Is there social sharing of burdens/workloads?
• What are the busiest periods of the year for all
  categories?

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2. Activity calendar- Data interpretation

• What is the implication of labor division have on
  men and women roles, responsibilities and
  obligations
• Inform on technology and policy issues that will
  benefit both men and women

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3. Seasonal Calendar

• Attempts to establish regular cycles or patterns
  of activities within a community over 12 months
• Cycles important in determining labor
  availability, potential absorptive capacity for
  new activities
• Calendar should show times when problems may be
  acute

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3. Seasonal Calendar

• Participants describe classification of months
  and seasons
• Identify main lines of farming crop, livestock
• For each line order chronological activities
  throughout the season and character gender
  involvement and time allocated

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3.Seasonal Calendar
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3.Seasonal Calendar- Interpretation

• How many harvest periods/year?
• When is irrigation done?
• Who grows and sells main crops?
• Why sales occur when they do?
• Who goes to sell? Why?
• What activities are in the field during selling
  time and who does them?
• When does animals sales occur?

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Crop Calendar

• Follows similar trend to seasonal calendar
• Include lean and fat periods of supply
• Remember you can combine to make one season
  calendar that has activities, crops livestock and
  labor demands and supply.

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Crop Priority ranking

• Assist participant arrange crops in order of
  importance
• Identify crops grown
• Ask each to indicate which is most important and
  why
• Rank done by show of hands or individual pilling
• Indicate which brings in cash

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Crop Priority ranking
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Crop Priority ranking- interpretation

• Why is tomatoes ranked first? why not easy to
  sell?
• Why is kale ranked third yet its easy to sell and
  brings much money?
• Why onions bring much money yet ranked second and
  hardest to sell?
• Compare dat from all sites, is there a pattern?

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Crop Priority ranking- interpretation

• Any agreement on crops that are most important,
  bring most money and easiest and hardest to sell?
• Need MoA data on importance of crops and ease of
  selling secondary data.