Microcontroller by Anax Projects

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Anax Projects Development Pvt. Ltd.
MICROCONTROLLER (8051)
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WHAT IS MICROCONTROLLER

• A microcontroller is a small computer on a single
  integrated circuit
• It contains
• 1. Processor core
• 2. Memory
• 3. Programmable input/output
  peripherals.
• Microcontrollers are designed for embedded
  applications, in contrast to the microprocessors u
  sed in personal computers.

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ARCHITECTURE OF 8051

• It has 4Kb ROM.
• 128b of RAM.
• 4 ports
• 32 input and output pins.
• Timer
• Oscillator
• Power Supply Circuit.
• Watchdog Timer

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PIN DESCRIPTION
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READ ONLY MEMORY  

• Read Only Memory (ROM) is a type of memory used
  to permanently save the program being executed.
•  ROM can be built in the microcontroller or added
  as an external chip.
• If ROM is added as an external chip, the
  microcontroller is cheaper.
• The internal ROM is usually smaller and more
  expensive
• Leaves more pins available for connecting to
• peripheral environment.
• The size of ROM ranges from 512B to 64KB.

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RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY  

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of memory
  used for temporary storing data .
• Intermediate results created and used during the
  operation of the microcontrollers.
• The content of this memory is cleared once the
  power supply is off. 
• If the program performes an addition, it is
  necessary to have a register standing for what in
  everyday life is called the sum .
• The size of RAM goes up to a few KBs.

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ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE MEMORY

• The EEPROM is a special type of memory not
  contained in all microcontrollers.
• Its contents may be changed during program
  execution (similar to RAM )
•  Remains permanently saved even after the loss of
  power (similar to ROM).
• It is often used to store values, created and
  used during operation.
•  It is measured in miliseconds.
• A disadvantage of this memory is that the process
  of programming is relatively slow. 

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SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER  

• Special function registers are part of RAM
  memory.
• Their purpose is predefined by the manufacturer
  and cannot be changed therefore. 
•  Their bits are physically connected to
  particular circuits within the microcontroller.
•  any change of their state directly affects the
  operation of the microcontroller or some of the
  circuits.
•  Each bit of this register controls the function
  of one single pin.

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PROGRAM COUNTER  

• Program Counter is an engine running the
  program .
• It points to the memory address containing the
  next instruction to execute. 
• After each instruction execution, the value of
  the counter is incremented by 1. 
•  The program executes only one instruction at a
  time just as it is written.
• the value of the program counter can be changed
  at any moment, which causes a jump to a new
  memory location. 

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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

•  This is a unit which monitors and controls all
  processes within the microcontroller.
•  The user cannot affect its work.
• It consists of several smaller subunits, of which
  the most important are
• 1. Instruction Decoder
• 2. Arithmetic Logic Unit
• 3.Accumulator

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ABOUT US
ANAX Projects Devlopment. Pvt Ltd
ANAX Projects Devlopment. Pvt Ltd is leading
Industrail automation training from last seven
years and has put values to train and develop
automation engineers in the hard core industries.
We are basically a bridge of Academica -
Industries linkage. ANAX has fully equipped labs
and well trained faculties in order to cater
automation industry demand's for skilled
engineers in high-end technologies.  
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Corporate Office Anax Projects and Development
PVT. LTD.E-29, Sector - 3,Near Sec-16 metro
station,Noida, 201301 (U.P)Call Us
   918373913691Mail Us   info_at_anaxprojects.com
Branch Office Anax Projects and Development PVT.
LTD.SCO 83-84,3rd Floor,Sector-34A,Chandigarh,
PunjabMobile 91-9872386826Email
admission_at_anaxprojects.com
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THANK YOU