Ongoing Training Examples: CPR and First Aid

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On-going Training ExamplesCPR and First Aid

• Presented by Tricia Rogers,
• Angie Lee, JoAnne
  Thull

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Objectives for a successful On-Going Training
program

• Provide a clear definition of the purpose of the
  meeting.
  
• Let team members know what is expected of them.
• Allow interaction and feedback throughout the
  training session.
  
• Summarize and debrief at the end of the meeting.

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Provide a clear definition of the purpose of the
meeting

• Prior to meeting, make agenda to clearly state
  purpose.
  

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Let team members know expectations

• Make certain that each staff member has the
  information needed to get the job done
  including
  
• Accuracy
• Timeliness
• Interpretability

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Allow interaction and feedback throughout
training session

• During the meeting
• 1.The leader sets the tone for each and every
  session.
  
• 2. Give everyone a chance to contribute

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Allow interaction cont.

• 3. Truly listen to participants, treating them
  with dignity and respect.
  
• 4. Involve everyone in team problem solving.

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Summarize and debrief at the end of the meeting

• Sense of closure
• Evaluation of the meeting
• As an instructor
• As a participant

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Objectives

• After completion of this presentation, the
  employee will be able to
  
• Understand your responsibilities in an emergency
  situation
  
• Be knowledgeable in an emergency situation
• Perform CPR properly
• Perform First Aid when necessary

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Understanding Your Responsibilities in an
Emergency Situation
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Responsibilities (cont.)

• Check
• Call
• Care

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Responsibilities (cont.)

• When to call in an emergency situation
• If victim is unconscious, call 911 immediately

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Responsibilities (cont.)

• When to call in an emergency situation
• If the victim is conscious and does not want you
  to call for an ambulance, call anyway if the
  victim
  
• Becomes unconscious
• Has trouble breathing
• Has chest pain or pressure
• Is bleeding severely
• Has possible broken bones
• Has injuries to the head, neck or back
• Appears to have been poisoned
• Is vomiting or passing blood
• Has pressure or pain in the abdomen that is
  persistent

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Responsibilities (cont.)

• Before caring for an injured or ill person,
  you must receive victims permission. To receive
  permission, you must explain who you are, how
  much training you have, and how you plan to help.

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Being knowledgeable in an emergency situation
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Knowledge (cont.)

• Before you can give help, you must be able to
  recognize an emergency situation
  
• Unusual noises
• Unusual sights
• Unusual odors
• Unusual appearances or behaviors

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Knowledge (cont.)

• Once you recognize an emergency has occurred you
  must decide whether to help and how you can best
  help.
  
• In order to help, you must act.

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Knowledge (cont.)

• After establishing that a victim is unconscious
  you must act by checking to see if the victim
  
• Is breathing
• Has a pulse
• Is bleeding severely

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Knowledge (cont.)

• Ways of Reducing Disease Transmission While
  Providing First Aid

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Knowledge (cont.)

• Reducing disease transmission
• Avoid contact with bodily fluids when possible
• Place barriers, such as disposable gloves or a
  clean dry cloth, between the victims body fluids
  and yourself.
  
• Wash your hands with soap and water immediately
  after giving care.

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Knowledge (cont.)

• Reducing disease transmission
• Wear protective clothing, such as disposable
  gloves, to cover any cuts, scraps, and skin
  conditions you may have.
  
• Do not eat, drink, or touch your mouth, nose, or
  eyes when giving First Aid.

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Knowledge (cont.)

• Reducing disease transmission
• Do not touch objects that may be soiled with
  blood.
  
• Be prepared by having a First Aid kit handy.

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Knowledge (cont.)

• By following these guidelines, your risk of
  receiving or transmitting an infections disease
  will decrease.

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Performing CPR
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CPR

• What does CPR stand for?
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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CPR

• Rescue breathing
• When a person stops breathing, you have to breath
  for that person.
  
• It is a way of breathing air into a person that
  supplies him/her with the oxygen needed to stay
  alive.
  
• Given to anyone who is unconscious and not
  breathing, but has a pulse.

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CPR

• Rescue breathing cont.
• If, when you check, the person is not breathing
  and your breaths do not go in
  
• Retilt persons head
• Give breaths again

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CPR

• Rescue breathing cont.
• If air still will not go in, begin abdominal
  thrusts.
  
• Place heal of one hand against middle of abdomen,
  just above the navel.
  
• Give up to five abdominal thrusts.
• Lift jaw and tongue and sweep out mouth.
• Tilt head back with chin and give breaths again.

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CPR

• Rescue breathing cont.
• If breaths still do not go in, continue the
  sequence beginning with retilting the victims
  head.
  
• Continue this sequence until the breaths go in or
  the victim starts breathing on their own.

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CPR

• Administering CPR
• If the victim does not have a pulse, begin CPR.
• Breaths and compressions are different for
  adults, children, and infants.

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CPR

• Administering CPR to and adult
• Call 911 immediately or designate a specific
  person to make the call.
  
• Find hand position on breast bone.
• Position shoulders over hands and compress chest
  15 times.
  
• Give 2 slow breaths.

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CPR

• Administering CPR to an adult
• Give 2 slow breaths.
• Do 3 more sets of 15 compressions and 2 breaths.
• Recheck pulse and breathing for about 5 seconds.
• If there is no pulse, continue sets of 15
  compressions and 2 breaths.

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CPR

• Administering CPR to a child
• Find hand position on about center of the
  breastbone.
  
• Position shoulders over hands. Compress chest 5
  times.
  
• Give one slow breath.
• Repeat cycles of 5 compressions and 1 slow breath
  for about 1 minute.

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CPR

• Administering CPR to a child cont.
• Call 911 if you have not already done so.
• Recheck pulse and breathing for about 5 seconds.
• If there is still no pulse, continue sets of 5
  compressions and 1 breath. Recheck pulse and
  breathing every few minutes.
  

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Performing First Aid
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First Aid

• Each year in the United States, thousands of
  people will die, millions will be injured, and
  over 100 billion dollars will be spent, all
  needlessly. The causemany injuries that could
  have been prevented.

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First Aid (cont.)

• Injury prevention quiz
• Do you wear a safety belt when driving or riding
  in a motor vehicle?
  
• Do you refrain from operating motor vehicles
  after drinking alcoholic beverages?
  
• If you own a gun, do you keep it unloaded and
  locked up in a safe place?
  
• Do the stairs where you live have handrails?
• Do you use a stepladder or a sturdy stool to
  reach high out-of-reach objects?

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First Aid (cont.)

• Quiz cont.
• Do you have adequate lighting in halls and
  stairways?
  
• Do you wear a helmet when riding a bike,
  motorcycle, or skateboard?
  
• Do you wear a life jacket when participating in
  activities on or near the water?
  
• Do you wear safety protection (i.e., goggles and
  hearing protection) and follow equipment safety
  recommendations when operating power tools?
  

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First Aid (cont.)

• Types of wounds
• Bruise
• Scrape
• Cut
• Avulsion
• Puncture

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First Aid (cont.)

• Control Bleeding
• Cover wound with dressing and press firmly
  against the wound with hand.
  
• Elevate arm above the level of the heart.
• Cover dressings with roller bandage.
• If bleeding doesnt stop
• Apply additional bandages.
• Squeeze artery against bone.

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First Aid (cont.)

• Burns
• Superficial burn (1st degree)
• Partial-thickness burn (2nd degree)
• Full-thickness burn (3rd degree)

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First Aid (cont.)

• Care for burns
• Stop the burning.
• Cool the burn.
• Cover the burn.

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First Aid (cont.)

• Four basic types of injuries to muscles, bones,
  and joints
  
• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Strains
• Sprains

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First Aid (cont.)

• If you suspect a serious bone, muscle, or joint
  injury, you must keep the injured part from
  moving.
  
• Splinting immobilizes an injured muscle, bone,
  or joint.

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First Aid (cont.)

• Types of splints
• Anatomic Splint
• Soft Splint
• Sling
• Rigid Splint

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First Aid (cont.)

• Signs of Sudden Illness
• Feeling light-headed, dizzy, confused, or weak
• Changes in skin color,sweating
• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Changes in consciousness
• Seizure
• Paralysis or inability to move
• Slurred speech
• Difficulty seeing or breathing
• Severe headache

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First Aid (cont.)

• Care for Sudden Illness
• Dont second guess call EMS
• Help the victim rest comfortably.
• Keep the victim from getting chilled or
  overheated.
  
• Reassure the victim.
• Do not give anything to eat or drink unless the
  victim is fully conscious.

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First Aid (cont.)
If the victim
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First Aid (cont.)

• Four ways a person can be poisoned
• Swallowing the poison
• Inhaling the poison
• Absorbing it through the skin
• Injection

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First Aid (cont.)

• Signs of poisoning
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Chest of abdominal pain
• Breathing difficulty
• Sweating
• Changes in consciousness or seizures

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First Aid (cont.)

• Actions to take for those poisoned include
• Check the scene to make sure its safe and to
  gather clues
  
• Remove the victim from the source of the poison
• Check the victims level of consciousness,
  breathing and pulse
  
• Care for any life-threatening conditions
• If victim is conscious, ask questions
• Call poison control center

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The End
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Reference List

• American Red Cross, (1993). Community First Aid
  and Safety. Boston StayWell
  
• Tenny, C.M. (1988). Blue Cross and Blue Shield
  First Aid Facts.