URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS UTIS

1
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS(UTIS)
2
What is an UTI????

• An urinary tract infection is a bacterial
  infection that affects any part of the urinary
  tract. Although urine contains a variety of
  fluids, salts, and waste products, it usually
  does not have bacteria in it.When bacteria get
  into the bladder or kidney and multiply in the
  urine, they cause a UTI. The most common type of
  UTI is a bladder infection which is also often
  called cystitis. Another kind of UTI is a kidney
  infection, known as pyelonephritis, and is much
  more serious. Although they cause discomfort,
  urinary tract infections are usually quickly and
  easily treated by seeing a doctor promptly.

3
Signs and Symptoms
For Bladder Infections

• Frequent urination along with the feeling of
  having to micturate even though little or no
  urine actually comes out.
  
• Nocturia Need to urinate during the night.
• Urethritis Discomfort or pain at the urethral
  meatus or a burning sensation throughout the
  urethra with micturition (dysuria).
  
• Cystitis Pain in the midline suprapubic region.
  
  
• Pyuria/Hematuria Pus or blood in urine.
• Discharge from the urethra.
• Cloudy and foul-smelling urine
• Increased confusion and associated falls are
  common presentations to Emergency Departments for
  elderly patients with UTI.
  
• Some urinary tract infections are asymptomatic.

4
Signs and Symptoms
For Kidney Infections

• Abdominal pain or pressure.
• Vomiting is common.
• Back, side (flank) or groin pain.
• Shaking chills and high spiking fever.
• Night Sweats.
• Extreme Fatigue

5
Diagnosis

• A patient with dysuria (painful voiding) and
  urinary frequency generally has a spot mid-stream
  urine sample sent for urinalysis, specifically
  the presence of nitrites, leukocytes or leukocyte
  esterase. If there is a high bacterial load
  without the presence of leukocytes, it is most
  likely due to contamination. The diagnosis of UTI
  is confirmed by a urine culture.
• In severe infection, characterised by fever,
  rigors or flank pain, urea and creatinine
  measurements may be performed to assess whether
  renal function has been affected.

6
How to control it

• Cleaning the urethral meatus (the opening of the
  urethra) after intercourse has been shown to be
  of some benefit however, whether this is done
  with an antiseptic or a placebo ointment (an
  ointment containing no active ingredient) does
  not appear to matter
• Cleaning genital areas prior to and after sexual
  intercourse.
  
• For sexually active women, and to a lesser extent
  men, urinating within 15 minutes of sexual
  intercourse to allow the flow of urine to expel
  the bacteria before specialized extensions anchor
  the bacteria to the walls of the urethra.
• Having adequate fluid intake, especially water.
• Not resisting the urge to urinate.
• Taking showers, not baths, or urinating soon
  after taking a bath.
  
• Practicing good hygiene, including wiping from
  the front to the back to avoid contamination of
  the urinary tract by fecal pathogens.

7
Roles of caregiver/teacher

• Explore various ways to prevent this infection
  and know the signs and symptoms.
  
• Seek immediate medical attention.
• If uti occures, get information on how to prevent
  uti from reoccuring and the treatment needed.

8
Statistics

• Approximately 8 to 10 million people in the
  United States develop a UTI each year.
  
• Women develop the condition much more often than
  men, for reasons that are not fully known,
  although the much shorter female urethra is
  suspected.
• The condition is rare in boys and young men.
• Twenty percent of women in the United States
  develop a UTI and 20 of those have a recurrence.
  Urinary tract infections in children are more
  common in those under the age of 2.

9
Exclusion???

• No exclusion from group setting were found in
  research.

10
Sources

• Www.urologychannel.com
• Www.umm.edu
• Www.epigee.org

11
Female Urinary Tract
12
Male Urinary Tract