MIDTERM

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MIDTERM 1

• Scheduled for next FRIDAY, 17 Oct 08
• Covers Chapters 8-9-10-11-12-13-14
• Includes Listening Questions- any item in your
  2-CD set covered in Chapters 8-14 (see inside
  cover of textbook)
  
• Review Sheets for Medieval Renaissance now on
  course web site (Baroque later today)
  
• Also use textbook, publisher web site your notes

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Late Baroque Era

• Chiefly post-1700 to 1750 (end of the era)
• Not an age of innovation
• Consolidation and refinement of techniques
  invented in Early Baroque
  
• Two great composers- J. S. Bach- G. F. Handel

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One More Instrumental Genre

• Fugue based on imitative counterpoint (the art
  of combining melodic lines)
  
• Similar to Renaissance polyphony
• Strict rulesSubject 1st idea (until next
  line enters)Answer Subject in a new
  keyCountersubject new idea w/ Answ. or
  Subj.Episode section without the Subject/Answer

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Fugue EXPOSITION(opening to 1st big cadence)

• Subject (I) - - - Countersubject other
  other
  
• Answer (V) - - -
  Countersubject
  
• 
  Subject (I) - - - Countersubject
  
• 
  Answer (V) - -
  
• (also see chart on p. 146 in textbook)

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Johann Sebastian Bach(1685-1750)
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Johann Sebastian Bach(1685-1750)

• Born into family of German church musicians
• Trained by father, uncles, brothers, etc.
• Best and most famous organist of his day
• Jobs as organist, music director, Cantor
• Most important job St. Thomas Church (Leipzig)
• Composed for organ (fugues, etc.)
• Composed for church (cantatas, etc.)
• Composed for secular forces (concertos, etc.)
• NO Opera, but influenced by it

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St. Thomas Church (Leipzig)
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St. Thomas Church (interior)
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St. Thomas Church (interior)
J.S. Bachs Burial Site (near altar)
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Cantata

• Based on operatic vocal styles
• cantare to sing
• Recitatives, Arias, Ensembles
• Singers Instrumentalists
• Secular or Sacred
• J.S. Bach sacred cantatas (about 300!)(most
  based on a Chorale tune related to message of the
  day Proper)

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J.S. Bach, Cantata Awake, A Voice is Calling

• 1st mvt Polyphonic (counterpoint ritornello
  structure), CHORALE
  
• 2nd mvt recitative (tenor)
• 3rd mvt aria (soprano bass duet)
• 4th mvt polyphonic, CHORALE
• 5th mvt recitative (bass)
• 6th mvt aria (bass soprano)
• 7th mvt homophonic, CHORALE

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George Friderich Handel(1685-1759)
Handels Last Will and Testament
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George Friderich Handel(1685-1759)

• True international composer (born in Germany,
  studied in Italy, worked in England)
  
• Composer in all genres
• Italian Operas (for English audiences)
• English Oratorios
• Concertos
• Suites