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Tis the Season(s)

• Instrumental Music of the Baroque and Stories
  without Words

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Classical Music Concert
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1 Instrumental music secondary, peripheral
until 17th century
2 Cutting music free of dependence on words has
far-reaching implications
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• The Baroque Sonata

A. Sonata Defined
1. Early Baroque (1600-1650)
sonata or canzonaany instrumental composition
Early sonata tied to vocal models
2. Mid- and Late Baroque (ca. 1650 - )
chamber music for 1-2 soloists b.c.
B. Types of Sonata

• Functions

Sonata da camera (chamber sonata)
Stylized dances Allemande, Courante, Sarabande,
Gigue usually in binary form a b

Sonata da chiesa (church sonata)
Non dance often Slow/Fast/Slow/Fast

• Performing Forces

Solo Sonata
Trio Sonata
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• First Great Composer of Sonatas
• Arcangelo Corelli

1. Use of modern functional harmony
2. Extensive use of sequences
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II. The Baroque Concerto
A. Origins (mid-Baroque)
concertato style
based on contrast of performing forces

• Concerto also based on
• Contrast of Performing Forces

vs. ripieno (or tutti)
(soloist(s) concertino
Rip.
Concertino
Rip.
Concertino
Basso continuo
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II. The Baroque Concerto
A. Origins
concertato style based on contrasts btw.
performing forces
B. Performing Forces
Concertino (solo) vs. ripieno (or tutti)
C. Two Types of Baroque Concerto
Solo Concerto
Concerto grosso
D. The Contrast Principle
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II. The Baroque Concerto
A. Origins
B. Performing Forces
C. Two Types of Baroque Concerto
D. The Contrast Principle
E. Composers
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Antonio Vivaldi
The Four Seasons, Spring, 1st Movement
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II. The Baroque Concerto
A. Origins
B. Performing Forces
C. Two Types of Baroque Concerto
D. The Contrast Principle
E. Composers
F. Form of the Baroque Concerto
1. Three Movements Fast/Slow/Fast
2. Outer movements in Ritornello Form
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Ritornello Form
Ritornello Main Theme Played by Ripieno (full
ensemble)
Ritornello returns at end
Abbreviated Returns Of rit.
Episodes (Solo Episodes)
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Ritornello Form
Ritornello Main Theme Played by Ripieno (full
ensemble)
Ritornello returns at end
Rip.
Concertino
Rip.
Concertino
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Ritornello Form
Double Contrast
1. Contrast of Performing Forces (Ripieno vs.
Concertino)
2. Contrast of Themes Ritornello Theme vs. Solo
Melodies
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III. Antonio Vivaldis Spring Concerto (1st Mvmt)
Ritornello AABB
The Logic of Wordless Instrumental Music
Delight in play with patterns,
Abstract relationships Quasi-mathematical
networks Music talks about itself
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The Logic of Words Words refer to
objects/ideas beyond themselves
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Vivaldis Four Seasons
Weds Abstract, Musical logic to
The Referential Logic of Words
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