AREA:PLANT SCIENCE UNIT:FORESTRY

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AREA PLANT SCIENCEUNIT FORESTRY

• LESSON REVIEWING THE FORESTRY PRE-MANAGEMENT
  ERA

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objective

• 1. To identify the circumstances that took
  place before 1900 to influence the way
  Americans treated their forest resources.

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QUESTIONS . 1. People in
colonial America considered forests more
as ______ than as economic assets.

• A. obstacles to progress

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2. By 1810, the Northern and Middle Colonies
were experiencing a ______.

• A. wood shortage crisis

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3. Applications of new architectural designs
and _______ took place for the first time in
the post-Civil War reconstruction of
Chicago, Illinois.

• A. standardized lumber sizes

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4. The first chief of the Division of
Forestry was _______.

• A. Dr. B. E. Fernow

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5. The Timber Culture Act of 1873 offered
160 acres of land to each settler in the
Great Plains on the condition of planting
_____.

• A. one-fourth in trees

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6. After failing to pass many legislative
bills to protect a raw material base, the
United States established forest preserves with
the ______.

• A. Forest Reserve Act of 1891

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7. What two major types of industries in
the Northeastern colonies used large amounts of
wood?

• A. ship construction
• B. pig iron smelting

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8. What were two major means of getting land
from the public domain in the Pacific NW/SW
region before 1900?

• A. Timber and Stone Act of 1878
• B. Grants of 36-square mile sections for
  railroad construction.

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9. What legislative act had the greatest impact
on forest land use in the Rocky Mountains
region before 1900?

• A. Forest Reserve Act of 1891

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10. What two natural resource activities
were important factors in land use debates in
the early settlement of the rocky mountains
region?

• A. grazing
• B. irrigation

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• 11. Briefly describe the forestry events that
  took place in the Great Lakes area from 1860
  to 1900. Why did they occur?

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• A. The forest lands of Michigan and Wisconsin
  were completely logged and/or burned. Reasons
  include lack of popular support to limit
  exploitation, pressure from political and
  economic interests, and high demand for forest
  products in other areas of the country.

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12. What was the reaction of settlers to the
land situation in the great Plains?

• A. They were impressed by the lack of trees.
  They began planting trees early, using state
  tax incentives and materials.

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13. Explain shifting cultivation. What
was its effect on the forest resources in the
early days of the South region?

• A. It involved clearing more land for
  agricultural use after the virgin soils were
  depleted. Trees were girdled and/or cut down
  and burned to clear the land.

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15. Resining was an industry that permitted
the South to surpass the North in naval stores
production by 1700.

• A. T

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16. During the Sagebrush Rebellion,
miners and ranchers in Eastern United States
felt that national legislation favored
interests in the West.

• A. F

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18. The donkey engine introduced high-lead
logging to the Pacific NW/SW region before
1900.

• A. T

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19. The William McKinley
administration kicked off a surge of land
acquisitions that influenced timber
supplies into the mid 1900s.

• A. T

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20. Most people thought there was a limit
to timber availability during the forestry
pre-management era.

• A. F

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• CONCLUSION During most of the early colonial
  period, the forest represented a source of
  domestic fuel wood, timber for local housing,
  and logs for military stockades. People
  considered forests more as obstacles to
  progress than as economic assets.