Health Care Data Quality

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Health Care Data Quality

• Chapter 2

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Outline

• Data vs. Information
• Problems with poor quality data
• Ensuring Data Quality
• Data Errors

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Data vs. Information

• Information is processed data
• Health care information is processed health care
  data
• Knowledge is a combination or rules,
  relationships, ideas, and experience (Johns,
  1997)

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From Data to Knowledge
Health Care Knowledge
Processing
Health Care Information
Health Care Data
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Problems of Poor Quality Data

• Diminished quality of Patient care data can lead
  to problems with
• Patient care
• Communication among providers patients
• Documentation
• Reimbursement
• Outcomes assessment
• Research

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Problems of Poor Quality Data

• Medical Record Institute cites problems with
  (MRI, 2004)
• Patient Safety
• Public Safety
• Continuity of Patient Care
• Health Care Economics
• Clinical Research and Outcomes

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Ensuring Data/Information Quality

• Medical Record Institute Principles of Health
  Care Documentation (MRI, 2004)
• Unique Patient Identification within and across
  systems
• Health care documentation must be
• Accurate and consistent
• Complete
• Timely
• Interoperable across systems
• Accessible
• Auditable
• Confidential and secure authentication and
  accountability must be provided

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Ensuring Data/Information Quality

• MRI takes the position that when practitioners
  interact with electronic resources they have an
  increased ability to meet the these guidelines

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Ensuring Data/Information Quality
AHIMA Data Quality Management Model Data
Characteristics

• Accessibility
• Consistency
• Currency
• Granularity
• Precision

• Accuracy
• Comprehensiveness
• Definition
• Relevancy
• Timeliness

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Data Errors

• Systematic
• Random

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Causes of Poor Quality Data (Arts, DeKeizer
Schaffer, 2002)
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Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts,
DeKeizer Schaffer, 2002)

• Data Error Prevention
• Compose a minimum set of necessary data items
• Define data and data characteristics in a data
  dictionary
• Develop a data collection protocol
• Create user friendly data entry forms or
  interface
• Compose data checks
• Create a quality assurance plan
• Train and motivate users

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Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts,
DeKeizer Schaffer, 2002)

• Data Error Detection
• Perform automatic data checks
• Perform data quality audits
• Review data collection protocols and procedures
• Check inter- and intraobserver varability (if
  appropropriate)
• Visually inspect completed forms (online or
  otherwise)
• Routinely check completeness of data entry

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Activities for Improving Data Quality (Arts,
DeKeizer Schaffer, 2002)

• Actions for Data Quality Improvement
• Provided data quality reports to users
• Correct inaccurate data and fill in incomplete
  data detected
• Control user correction of data errors
• Give feedback of data quality results and
  recommendations
• Resolve identified causes of data errors
• Implement identified system changes
• Communicate with users

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Summary

• Data vs. Information
• Problems of Poor Quality Data
• Ensuring Data/Information Quality
• MRI Guidelines
• AHIMA Characteristics
• Types Data Errors
• Causes of Poor Quality Data Activities for
  Improving Data Quality