Human and Animal Testing: Whats Appropriate

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Human and Animal Testing Whats Appropriate
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HUMAN AND ANIMAL TESTING WHATS APPROPRIATE?
JOHN DOULL

• As toxicologists we share responsibility for
  providing answers to the public for safety
  questions Is it safe? Will it hurt me?
• To provide answers, we need the right
  information
• Right chemical, right exposure scenario, right
  subject.
• Chemical/agent identity (wrong salt, racemate)
  purity (mixture) surrogate with similar
  physical, chemical and/or biological properties
  etc.
• Tool SAR

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HUMAN AND ANIMAL TESTING WHATS APPROPRIATE?
JOHN DOULL

• Exposure wrong dose/duration, wrong route etc.
• Tools interpolation, kinetics/Haber,
  extrapolation.
• Subject or target Population/individual
  susceptibility (sex, age, race, disease,
  environment etc.).
• Tool surrogate species, WOE.

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TYPICAL COSTS OF DESCRIPTIVE TOXICITY
TESTSCasarett Doull, Chapter 2, 6th Ed.
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TYPICAL COSTS OF DESCRIPTIVE TOXICITY
TESTSCasarett Doull, Chapter 2, 6th Ed.
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HOW RELIABLE ARE ANIMAL TESTS?

• Quantitative species vary in their
  susceptibility PPAR
• Qualitative some species have unique ability
  Alpha-2-glob
• Protocols with inadequate power Vioxx
• Protocols inadequate headache, depression,
  anxiety
• Alternatives
• Alan Goldberg, CAAT at Johns Hopkins,
  Celebrating 25 years in 2006, Hits?

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PROPOSED TIMEFRAME FOR FULL REPLACEMENT OF ANIMAL
TESTS
SCCNFP, 2004 Annual European
Meeting Toxicology Forum, Brussels, 091105