Imagery

1
Imagery Figurative Language

• An image is a word or sequence of words
• that refers to any sensory experience
• (Kennedy 741).

2
Imagery

• What are your five senses? Sight, Hearing,
  Touch, Taste, and Smell
• An image conveys a sense perception , i.e., a
  visual picture, a sound, a feeling of touch, a
  taste, or an odor
• Imagery a noun used to refer to a set of
  related images in poem/short story or the
  totality of images in a poem/short story.

3
Figures of Speech

• Figurative language uses figures of speech to
  convey unique images and create some sort of
  special effect or impression.
• A figure of speech is an intentional deviation
  from the ordinary usage of language.

4
Poetry works by comparison

• Authors often create images or enhance meaning by
  comparing one thing to another for special
  effect.

5
Simile

• A simile is a type of metaphor, a figure in which
  an explicit comparison is made using the
  comparative words like, as. Similes are easy to
  spot.
• My love is like a red, red rose.
• We were as quiet as frightened mice.
• She came out smelling like a rose!

6
Metaphor

• A metaphor also compares, but a metaphor is a bit
  more sophisticated than a simile.
• For one thing, in a metaphor, the words
• like or as are missing. So readers have to
  recognize the comparison on their own without
  those easy words which help us to spot a simile
  so quickly.

7
Metaphor (continued)

• In a metaphor, a poet writes that X is Y.
  Readers understand that we are not to take the
  comparison literally, but that the metaphor helps
  us to see X in a new way.
• My brother is a prince.
• Soldier Field was a slaughterhouse.

8
More metaphors

• Richard was a lion in the fight.
• Her eyes are dark emeralds. Her teeth are
  pearls.
• But Avoid Mixed Metaphors (combining two or more
  incompatible images in a single figure of
  speech)
• Management extended an olive branch in an attempt
  to break some of the ice between the company and
  the workers.

9
Personification

• Another kind of comparison is called
  personification. Here, animals, elements of
  nature, and abstract ideas are given human
  qualities.
• John Milton calls time the subtle thief of
  youth (599). Homer refers to the rosy fingers
  of dawn (599).
• Other examples of personification
• The stars smiled down on us.

• An angry wind slashed its way across the island.

10

• The three main uses of figurative language needed
  to read poetry are the previous
• Simile
• Metaphor
• Personification
• But there are many other poetic devices used.
  The more you recognize, the richer your reading
  experience can be.
• Here follow more figures of speech

11
Oxymoron

• Oxymoron - two contradictory terms are placed
  side by side, usually for an effect of
  intensity
• visible darkness
• burning ice
• People often enjoy joking sarcastically by
  declaring certain pairs of words to be oxymorons

Can you think of any?
12
Hyperbole

• Hyperbole (hy per bo lee) is intentional
  exaggeration or overstating, often for dramatic
  or humorous effect

• Your predicament saddens me so much that I feel a
  veritable flood of tears coming on

13
Apostrophe

• A person or thing which is absent is addressed
• O, pardon me, thus bleeding piece of
  earth-Shakespeare
• Oh sun, I miss you, now that its December.

14
Metonymy

• In this figure (m tawn nimee) one thing is
  replaced by another thing associated with it
• The Crown is amused (The Crown is the Queen).
• The White House is furious (The White House is
  the President).

15
Want more?

• Figures of speech are numerous. The effective
  practice of communication is called rhetoric, and
  many, many figures of speech can be identified in
  language use.
• Some other figures are euphemism, pun, and
  onomatopoeia (o no mat o pee ya). In this last
  figure, words are used to convey sound, like

bzzzz or cock-a-doodle-doo.
16
Now you try with Poe

• Group 1- Try to find
• 5 Metaphors
• Group 2- Try to find
• 5 Similes
• Group 3- Try to find
• 2 Examples of Metonymy
• 2 Examples of oxymorons
• Group 4- Try to find
• 5 Examples of personification
• Group 5- Try to find
• 2 Examples of Hyperbole
• 2 Examples of Apostrophes
• Use The Raven, The Masque of the Red Death,
  The Tell-Tale Heart.