II. ISRAEL

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II. ISRAEL
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II. ISRAEL

• A. Physical geography

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• A. Physical geography

Eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea - the
ancient land of Palestine

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A. Physical geography

• Israel has many climate environments

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A. Physical geography

• Mediterranean climate along the coast

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A. Physical geography

• Semiarid climate region around Galilee

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A. Physical geography

• Arid valley of the Jordan River and Dead Sea

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A. Physical geography
The Dead Sea is the lowest point on any continent
The Dead Sea 417 meters (1,373 ft.) below sea
level
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B. Agriculture

• Less than 5 of the people work in agriculture

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B. Agriculture
Israel has some of the worlds most productive
farms
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B. Agriculture

• Israel has one of the worlds most sophisticated
  water management systems

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B. Agriculture

• Israel exports fruits, vegetables, and cut
  flowers to European markets

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B. Agriculture

• The kibbutz, or collective farm, is an important
  part of Israeli identity

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C. Resources and industry

• Israel has no coal, little hydroelectricity, and
  few minerals

The Dead Sea contains valuable minerals
The Negev contains deposits of many minerals
Small quantities of oil and natural gas are also
mined from areas near the Dead Sea
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C. Resources and industry
Focus is on high-tech industries such as
computers, military weapons, and precision
equipment

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C. Resources and industry
Tourism is another major industry
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D. Historical geography

• The Hebrews established their first kingdom over
  3,000 years ago

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D. Historical geography

• Over time, the Jews were forced to leave and the
  region became populated by Arabs

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D. Historical geography

• In the 19th century, the Zionist movement
• began to grow

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D. Historical geography

• Zionists believed that a Jewish state should be
  established in Palestine

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D. Historical geography

• Millions of Jews were killed by the Nazi party
  during the Holocaust from 1933 and 1945

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D. Historical geography

• In 1948, the UN suggested that lands west of the
  Jordan River be divided between Jews and Arabs

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D. Historical geography
Arab lands, called the West Bank, were joined to
Jordan
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• D. Historical geography

War erupted in 1948 and Israeli forces defeated
the Arabs
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D. Historical geography

• Israel won other wars in 1956, 1967, and 1973

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D. Historical geography

• After the war in 1967, Israel occupied land from
  Egypt, Syria, and Jordan.

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D. Historical geography

• Egypts land was returned in 1982, but the other
  territories remain a source of conflict

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E. Population and urban geography

• Israel is a modern, urban nation

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E. Population and urban geography

• Nearly 85 of the population is Jewish

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E. Population and urban geography

• Tel Aviv is Israel's largest city

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E. Population and urban geography
Jerusalem is the capital and cultural and
political center of Israel
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E. Population and urban geography

• The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism,
  the third holiest site in Islam, and has special
  significance to Christianity. It is thus one of
  the most contested religious sites in the world.

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Dome of the Rock - Islamic shrine in Jerusalem
built between 687 and 691 The rock in the center
of the dome is believed to be the spot from which
Muhammad ascended through the heavens to God.
Accompanied by the angel Gabriel, he was
consulted by Moses and given the obligatory
Islamic prayers before returning to earth.
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The Western Wall in the midst of the Old City in
Jerusalem is the section of the Western
supporting wall of the Temple Mount which has
remained intact since the destruction of the
Second Jerusalem Temple (70 C.E.)