Stress and Binge Eating Disorder

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Stress and Binge Eating Disorder

• Marjorie Stone
• November 17, 2005

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What is Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?

• Definition eating large quantities of food in a
  discrete period of time without the use of
  compensatory measures to counter binge eating.
• Characteristics
• Eat until uncomfortably full
• Eat large amounts of food even when not hungry
• Eat alone because of embarrassment, shame, or
  disgust
• Hoard snacky foods into hiding place for
  convenience
• Most people with BED are obese or overweight
• Feel lack of control
• NOT to be confused with Bulimia Nervosa- eating
  followed by some form of purging, fasting, or
  strenuous exercise.

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Prevalence

• More common in females 60 female 40 male
• 1-5 of general population
• No not a lot, but enough
• Often confused with bulimia

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What causes BED?

• Depression
• Traumatic event, drastic change, alcohol abuse,
  sexual abuse
• Dieting
• Peer pressure, parental expectations, media, Body
  Image Disturbance (BID), restrictions rules,
  over-concern with weight
• Coping Skills
• Personality traits, communication skills,
  impulsive behavior, not feeling in charge
• Biology
• Research to draw parallels to metabolism and
  heredity
• Lifestyle
• Having binge type foods readily available

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Health Consequences

• Obesity
• Type II Diabetes
• High BP
• High Cholesterol
• Heart Disease
• Comorbidity with other psychological disorders
  and abuse
• Trouble sleeping

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Treatments

• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
• Learn to change unhealthy habits, cope with
  stressful situations, and build confidence about
  themselves
• Interpersonal Psychotherapy
• Focus on relationships to make changes in problem
  areas
• Drug Therapy
• antidepressants

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BED Whats stress got to do with it?

• Body Image Disturbance ? Dieting and restraint ?
  No physical changes ? STRESS!
• Family Social pressures ? STRESS ?
  stress-induced eating ? BED
• Busy lifestyle ? missed meals or snack foods ?
  Bingeing

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No reallyI dont get itexplain some more!

• Many of consequences of BED overlap with stress
• Type II Diabetes due to inactivity and fat
  surplus
• High BP heart beats faster by increasing SNS
  (which occurs during the Initial Stage of stress)
• Trouble sleeping
• Stress shuts down digestion during stressor, so
  why are we hungry? (hyperphagic vs hypophagic)
• CRH suppresses food intake
• ACTH ?GCs increase appetite (Leptin)
• Interesting!
• Soconstant stressdecrease appetite repeated
  intermittent stressincrease appetite
• GC hypersecreters eat more after stress crave
  sweets but dont when NOT stressed (normally
  restrained eaters more likely to overeat because
  of stress)
• Due to operant conditioning that starchy foods
  make us happy and less stressful?

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THE RESEARCHDo binge eaters experience more
stress?

• Participants female undergrads
• 2 groups binge eating group (20) control
  group (20)
• Materials DSI, DCQ, mood measure, daily eating
  measure
• Procedure 21-day monitoring of each test
• Hypothesis daily stress, coping, mood, eating
  behavior are possible causes for binge eating

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What did they find out?

• Binge group reported
• More stress and negative mood
• More number of stressful events

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References

• Binge Eating Disorder. The National Womens
  Health Information Center. 2005. Online.
  Internet. 15 Nov. 2005. Available
  www.4women.gov/faq/bingeeating.htm.
• Binge Eating Disorder. Loyola University Health
  System. 2005. Online. Internet. 15 Nov. 2005.
  Available www.luhs.org/health/topics/mentalhealth
  /edbinge.htm.
• Sapolsky, Robert M. Why Zebras Dont Get
  Ulcers. New York Henry Holt Company, 1994.
• Smith, D.E.,M.D. Marcus, C.E. Lewis, M.
  Fitzgibbon, and P. Schreiner. Prevalence of
  binge eating disorder, obesity, and depression in
  a biracial cohort of young adults. Annuls of
  Behavioral Medicine. 20 (1998) 227-232.
• Wolff, Gretchen E., Ross D. Crosby, Jennifer A.
  Roberts, and David A. Wittrock. Differences in
  daily stress, mood, coping, and eating behavior
  in binge eating and nonbinge eating college
  women. Addictive Behaviors. 25.2 (2000) 205-216.