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US

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Media coverage, campaign advertising, and opinion polls ... Slogans. Bush: Stronger, Safer. Testimonials. Famous or 'reliable' People. Kerry: Michael J Fox ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: US


1
US VA Govt
  • Unit 4 Political Ideology, Parties, and the
    Media

2
What is Ideology?
  • Set of basic beliefs on culture, life, government
    and society.
  • Life
  • Right to die
  • Culture
  • Super Bowl
  • Government
  • Monarchy
  • Society
  • Free Health care

3
What do you think?
  • In your notes, write how you feel about
  • Death penalty
  • Abortion
  • Welfare
  • Pollution
  • Religion
  • Are you liberal or conservative?

4
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5
The Political Spectrum
Liberal Economics
Conservative
Economic conservatives favor limited government
involvement in economic policymaking
and regulation of business.
Economic liberals favor broad government
involvement in economic policymaking
and regulation of business.
Liberal Political/Social
Conservative
Social and political liberals favor limited
government regulation of individual behavior.
Social and political conservatives favor broad
government regulation of individual behavior.
6
Liberal or Conservative?
  • Our national government should tax less and
    therefore allow its citizens to decide how best
    to spend their own money.
  • When companies are given more economic freedoms
    they create more jobs and opportunities for
    citizens to become prosperous.
  • Freedom of speech should be protected even if we
    find that speech offensive.
  • Parents and students should be given the choice
    as to what type of schooling is best for their
    children, even if that choice is a religious
    school.
  • Our government has an obligation to provide for
    all of its citizens basic necessities like food
    and healthcare.

7
Where do they fall?
Govt. control
Conservative
Totalitarian
Social/Political
Libertarian
Liberal
Economic
Freedom
Govt. control
8
What do they think?
  • Death penalty
  • The governments role in combating homelessness
  • Gun control
  • Should certain drugs be legalized?
  • Should three-time offenders receive parole?
  • The governments role in fighting pollution
  • What does freedom of religion mean?
  • Should the government drill in a portion of the
    wildlife preserves in Alaska?
  • How involved should the United States be in
    foreign countries?
  • Should the government raise income taxes to
    provide more services, and if so, what services
    should be provided?
  • Should the federal government regulate education?
    If so, how?

9
Political Parties and Elections
  • Seeking the Majority w/ your Core Values
  • Coalitions that conducts campaigns from the
    political center
  • Roles of Parties
  • Select Candidates
  • Raise Funds
  • Conduct Campaigns
  • ID Key Issues
  • Loyal Opposition
  • 3rd Parties Single Issues

10
The Nominating Process
  • Self Nomination
  • No Other Options
  • Caucus
  • Small Group
  • Convention
  • Presidential Elections
  • Direct Primary
  • Closed
  • Open
  • Petition

11
  • The two major political parties use the national
    nominating convention to select presidential and
    vice-presidential candidates.
  • In Virginia, state and local party organizations
    determine which method of nomination will be used
    to select candidates. Once nominated, candidates
    campaign and go before the voters for election to
    office.
  • Democracy requires that elections be free,
    honest, and accurate.

12
Sample Election Ballots
13
The Cost of the Campaign
  • Running is Expensive
  • Limits on spending
  • Federal Election Campaign Act (71 74)
  • Public funding for Presidential Elections
  • Limits on contributions
  • Disclose the Amount they spend
  • State/Local Donations are Unlimited, but must be
    reported
  • Candidates must fundraise

14
Political Action Committees
  • Political Arm of Interest Groups
  • Labor Unions
  • Oil Industry
  • Interest groups cant give, PACs can
  • 4000 PACs
  • BIPAC
  • COPE
  • AMPAC
  • NRA
  • Bi Partisan Campaign Reform Act

15
Mass Media and Politics
  • Media coverage, campaign advertising, and opinion
    polls influence public opinions during a
    political campaign
  • Mass media (including Internet) influence public
    opinion.
  • Campaign advertisements are used to persuade
    and/or mobilize the electorate.
  • Scientific polling is used to measure public
    attitudes, target ads, and refine campaign
    strategies

Campaign Essentials Politics and the Media.
Discovery Times Channel(2004). Retrieved October
10, 2006, fromunitedstreaming
http//www.unitedstreaming.com/
16
Campaign Ads
  • Campaign advertisements are used to persuade
    and/or mobilize the electorate
  • Glittering Generalities
  • Introduce the candidate
  • Positive 1st Impression
  • Slogans
  • Bush Stronger, Safer
  • Testimonials
  • Famous or reliable
  • People
  • Kerry Michael J Fox
  • Plain Folks
  • Hes one of
  • us

17
Bush Stronger, Safer
18
Kerry Michael J Fox
19
More ad types
  • Cardstacking/Bandwagon
  • Using statistics in their favor
  • The majority is voting for so should you.
  • Kerry
  • Transfer
  • Positive or negative images/phrases to connect to
    candidate
  • Kerry
  • Bush
  • Contrast
  • Positive images of one candidate against negative
    ones of the other candidate in the same ad
  • Bush Common Sense
  • Attack
  • Attack the candidate and makes them look bad in
    some way.
  • Very negative
  • Bush Unprincipled
  • Kerry Bushs Mess

20
Kerry Endorsements
21
Kerry
22
Bush Whatever it Takes
23
Bush Common Sense
24
Bush Unprincipled
25
Kerry Bushs Mess
26
Reapportionment and Elections
  • The 435 Seats in Congress are apportioned to the
    states.
  • The Constitution of Virginia and the Constitution
    of the United States of America require
    reapportionment of national, state, and local
    legislative bodies following each census.
  • Changes in population and resulting
    reapportionment have a political effect on
    legislative membership at the national, state,
    and local levels.

27
  • Redistricting is a legislative function.
  • Redistribution of legislative seats can
    significantly change the outcome of elections
  • Gerrymandering is the process of redrawing
    district boundaries to benefit one political
    party or group of citizens.

28
Wesberry v. Sanders 1964
  • Rural areas were over represented. (Too many reps
    per person as compared to urban areas.)
  • The United States Supreme Court cases in the
    early 1960s established the "one man, one vote"
    principleWesberry v. Sanders (1964).
  • Urban and suburban areas now have more impact.

29
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30
How are House Seats Distributed
  • Size of House is 435
  • States w/ more people have more reps. How many
    does VA have?
  • Number of Americans is Recounted Every 10 years
  • After each Census, seats are reapportioned
  • Each seat represents about 650,000 people

31
The Constitution and Suffrage
  • Suffrage The Right to Vote
  • 5 Amendments extended the right to vote and
    increased the number of people who could vote.
  • 15th Amendment (1870) Ensures right to vote
    regardless of race
  • 17th Amendment (1913) Calls for direct election
    of United States Senators
  • 19th Amendment (1820) Grants women the right to
    vote
  • 23rd Amendment (1961) Allows voters in
    Washington, D.C., to vote for President and Vice
    President
  • 26th Amendment (1971) Gives the right to vote to
    citizens 18 years and older

32
Voter Participation
  • The extent of engagement in a political campaign
    can be measured by voter turnout.
  • Influences on voter turnout
  • Campaign issues
  • Candidates
  • Voter attitudes toward government
  • Voter loyalty to political parties
  • Predicting Turnout
  • Education
  • Age
  • Income

33
Declining Turnout
  • More citizens vote in presidential elections than
    in other national, state, and local contests, but
    the percentage of Americans voting in
    presidential elections is on the decline.
  • Factors in Declining turnout
  • Apathy
  • Dissatisfaction
  • Failure to meet requirements

34
How to register
  • Who can Vote
  • VA Resident
  • 18 (by the General Election)
  • Not registered in another State
  • Not declared Incompetent
  • Restored if a felon
  • Where can I get the form
  • DMV
  • Library
  • Recruitment office
  • http//www.sbe.virginia.gov/cms/
  • Forms_Publications/Index.html
  • Where to send the Form
  • Susan C Miller
  • PO Box 590Verona, VA 24482-0590
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