ICFA/SCIC Monitoring WG

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ICFA/SCIC Monitoring WG
Les Cottrell SLAC representing the ICFA/SCIC
Monitoring WG Prepared for the ICFA-SCIC, KEK,
Dec 12, 2002 http//www.slac.stanford.edu/grp/scs/
net/talk/icfa-dec02/icfa-dec02.ppt
Partially funded by DOE/MICS Field Work Proposal
on Internet End-to-end Performance Monitoring
(IEPM), also supported by IUPAP
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Administrivia

• ICFA-SCIC-MON web page http//www.slac.stanford.ed
  u/xorg/icfa/scic-netmon/
• Email list icfa-scic-mon_at_slac.stanford.edu
• Report http//www.slac.stanford/xorg/icfa/
• Membership

Person From Represents
Les Cottrell SLAC US/Babar/ESnet
Richard H-Jones Manchester UK/JAnet
Sergei Berezhnev MSU, RUHEP Russia/FSU
Sergio Novaes FNAL L. America
Fukuko Yuasa KEK Japan E. Asia
Sylvain Ravot Caltech US/CMS
Daniel Davids CERN CERN, Europe, LHC
Shawn McKee U Mich Atlas/I2
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Outline 1/2

• 12 page report
• Goal Obtain as uniform picture as possible of
  the present performance of the connectivity used
  by the ICFA community
• Follow on to May 1998 report from ICFA/NTF
• Measurements results for
• PingER low intrusion, wide coverage, long term.
  Excellent overview of performance for general
  worldwide Internet usage
• IEPM-BW higher intrusion, high performance links
  such as major HENP, Grid and network research
  sites. Aimed at understanding achievable
  performance for TCP/IP and applications

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Outline 2/2

• Coverage definitions of 11 major regions
• How to interpret impact of loss RTT on quality
  of common applications VOIP, video, telnet

• PingER
• Loss
• RTTs
• Throughput MSS/(RTTsqrt(loss))
• IEPM-bw high performance links
• Summary
• Recommendations

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History Loss RTT

• Loss more critical than RTT
• Losses cause timeouts of typically seconds

• 40-50 improve/yr
• Best networks below 0.1
• Russia, SE Europe, China several years behind

• N. America Europe improving 10-20 per year
• Japan Russia slower
• S.E. Europe China faster

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History - Throughput quality improvements from US
80 annual improvement factor 10/4yr
TCPBW lt MSS/(RTTsqrt(loss)) (1)
Factor 100 improvement in 8 years Problems with
hi-perf links

• Most regions improving at 60-80 / year

(1) Macroscopic Behavior of the TCP Congestion
Avoidance Algorithm, Matthis, Semke, Mahdavi,
Ott, Computer Communication Review 27(3), July
1997
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Loss by region
Bad regions Caucasus, S. Asia (India),
Africa Poor S.E. Europe
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High performance (IEPM-BW)

• PingER NG, PingER on steroids
• 9 monitoring sites,
• 50 monitored hosts in 9 countries (CA, CH, CZ,
  FR, IT, JP, NL, UK, US).
• Off the shelf hdw, OS, TCP stack, MTUs, NICS
• More focused on particular paths
• Can achieve hundreds of Mbits/s between major
  inter-continental sites
• Requires wizard configuration of TCP, powerful
  host, GE interfaces, gt 622Mbits/s to site
• Lot of work on new TCP stacks

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eJDS (Electronic Journal Distribution Service)

• Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical
  Physics (ICTP) sponsored
• ICTP Workshop on "Developing Country Access to
  Digital Publishing", Trieste, October, 2002,
  sponsored by ICTP, ICSU, IUPAP, UNESCO, TWAS
  WIF (http//www.ictp.trieste.it/ejournals/meeting2
  002/)
• Goal bring together all interested parties to
  analyse, share experiences, promote ideas and
  discuss
• innovative technological tools,
• the digital divide,
• licensing issues,
• concrete strategic alternatives
• To support scientists working in remote areas and
  having low-bandwidth, or expensive access to
  on-line database services and the Internet.
• developed recommendations to provide guidance and
  make suggestions on how to support concrete and
  sustainable alternatives to help bridge the
  digital divide and thus facilitate, in
  particular, developing countries' access to
  on-line scientific publishing (see
  www.ictp.trieste.it/ejournals/meeting2002/Recommen
  _Trieste.pdf)
• To devote resources to monitor in real time the
  connectivity of research and
• educational institutions in developing countries
  and to encourage (and devote
• resources to) the development of the
  connectivity.
• Sent letter to site contacts in developing
  countries

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eJDS

• ICTP people sent letter on Dec 2, 2002 to
  contacts in developing countries
• plan to monitor by PingER universities and
  research institutions all over the Developing
  World following the recent "Recommendations of
  Trieste" to help bridge the Digital Divide.
• Next day 6 responses (MD, IN (Hyderabad, Kerala),
  MX, GT, PH, IN)
• Since 6 more (CN, UA, IN (Madras, Delhi), BR,
  ID)
• Successfully monitoring 6 (GT, BR, MD, IN
  (Kerala), ID)
• Others cannot access host, blocking pings, have
  emailed each one, and communicating with a couple

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Summary - results

• Internet AR connectivity performance is
  improving
• RTT 10-20/yr, loss 40-50/yr, throughput 80/yr
• Reduced use of satellites, mainly use for new
  hard to get to areas (e.g. S. Russian Republics,
  Africa)
• China, S.E. Europe, Russia, Latin America rate
  of change keeps up but several years behind
• Caucasus, Africa, India, S.E. Europe bad to poor
  packet loss
• Improvements need constant investments to
  understand improve

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Recommendations

• Continue to keep track of performance for HENP
  and science
• Work with ICTP to extend to more countries, help
  understand and measure the digital divide should
  we add this?
• Heads up DoE funding runs out at end of FY 03.

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Help

• Looking for better hosts to monitor contacts
  in
• Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan
• Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia
• Columbia, Venezuela, Cuba, Mexico
• Pakistan
• Africa (apart from Egypt, Uganda South Africa,
  n.b. all 54 countries in Africa now have Internet
  access in capitals)
• Note there are a few countries (about 5 of the
  worlds countries) that do not have full Internet
  connections and pay dearly by the byte.
• A couple of years ago these included
  Afghanistan, Western Sahara, Christmas Island, S.
  Georgia, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Montserrat,
  N. Korea, Pitcairn, St Vincente Grenadines