What is yellow journalism and how did it develop

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Warm-Up

• What is yellow journalism and how did it develop?

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Objective

• Students will understand why newspapers grew in
  number and importance.

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Acrobats
Comedy
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Chaplin
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1. What was the impact of the Brooklyn Bridge?
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• Designed by German American John Roebling, the
  Brooklyn Bridge was the longest suspension bridge
  in the world when it opened on May 24, 1883.
• The bridge spans the East River and connects
  Brooklyn and Manhattan.

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A New Look for Cities
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2. What happened tot American cities in the late
1800s and what did resourceful planners do about
it?
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Monadnock Building, Chicago

• One of the early skyscrapers of the Chicago
  School, the 16-story Monadnock Building, left,
  was designed by the architectural firm of Burnham
  and Root in the 1880s and completed in the 1890s.
  Although its unornamented exterior is sleekly
  modern in appearance, the Monadnock did not take
  advantage of the latest structural technology.
  Instead of steel structural supports, which
  enabled builders to use thinner exterior walls
  for ever higher buildings, the brick walls of the
  Monadnock bear the entire weight of the building,
  and the walls are over 6 ft (2 m) thick at their
  base.

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First Grand Central Station

• Railway stations posed an interesting challenge
  for architects in the 1800s. No classical models
  existed for this new building type, and designers
  chose a variety of styles to meet this new
  function. The first Grand Central Station (1895)
  in New York City was built in the Second Empire
  style fashionable in France. Towers at the center
  and the corners were capped with mansard roofs
  that had four sloping sidesa distinctive feature
  of this style.

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Skyscrapers
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Chrysler Building

• The Chrysler Building (1930) in New York City is
  considered the quintessential example of art deco
  architecture. It was designed by William Van
  Alen, who was inspired in part by cubist art and
  machine forms. The building, which rises in a
  series of narrowing arches to the stainless steel
  spire on top, is 319 m (1,046 ft) tall. It was
  the tallest building in the world for one year,
  before the Empire State Building surpassed it.

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Worlds Columbian Exposition, 1893

• The 400th anniversary of explorer Christopher
  Columbuss arrival in the Americas was
  commemorated in 1893 by the Worlds Columbian
  Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. The exposition,
  attended by millions, was also known as the White
  City after its central white buildings set along
  canals. The first view visitors had was of the
  domed administration building, shown here, which
  was designed by New York architect William Morris
  Hunt in the Beaux-Arts style. This style, named
  after the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris where
  Hunt and other architects of the exposition
  studied, had a significant impact on American
  architecture over the next several decades.

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Empire State Building

• Built in 1931, the Empire State Building in New
  York City, New York, stands 381 m (1250 ft) high.
  The construction of the worlds tallest
  skyscraper was planned by American politician
  Alfred Smith. Although no longer the worlds
  tallest building, it remains a popular tourist
  destination.

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3. How was Chicago rebuilt and how were people
transported quickly in the new buildings?
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Public transportation
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Open spaces
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• 4. What effect did cramming people into small
  spaces have and what solutions helped to ease the
  problem?

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5. Why did some planners want to preserve open
spaces and what were some of the major projects
like?
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Department stores
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6. How did department stores change the way that
people shopped?
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Carson Pirie Scott Department Store

• The work of 20th-century American architect Louis
  Sullivan was influenced by the movement known as
  Art Nouveau. This picture shows the front facade
  of the Carson Pirie Scott department store in
  Chicago, designed by Sullivan and completed in
  1904. The elaborately decorative cast iron is
  characteristic of the architects love of detail.
  Above the first two floors, the design of the
  remaining twelve is a contrast in simplicity,
  with geometric windows evenly spaced within the
  structural steel skeleton.

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The Daily Newspaper
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7. How were newspapers important for the
assimilation of immigrants?
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Two newspaper giants
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8. Who created the first modern mass circulation
newspaper, and what was it like?
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Joseph Pulitzer

• Hungarian-born American journalist Joseph
  Pulitzer became a successful writer and newspaper
  publisher during the 1800s and early 1900s.
• After his death in 1911, his estate established
  the Pulitzer Prize, a series of 21 awards given
  annually for achievements in drama, letters,
  music, and journalism.

Joseph Pulitzer
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9. Who challenged the World with the Journal how
did it lead to the term yellow journalism?
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William Randolph Hearst

• William Randolph Hearst built an American
  publishing empire during the late 19th century
  and early 20th century.
• Hearst attracted readers with sensationalist
  stories, a practice that became known as yellow
  journalism.

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Women journalists
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10. How did newspapers compete for women readers?
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A Popular Newspaper
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11. Why did newspapers become more important as
cities grew?
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12. How did the articles of Nellie Bly (the
World) lead to reforms?
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A World of Entertainment
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13. Describe how music and other kinds of
entertainment brought Americans of various
ethnic groups together and spread American
culture.
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Vaudeville
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George M. Cohan
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Marx Brothers
Groucho
Harpo
Zeppo
Chico
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Marx Brothers in A Night at the Opera
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Will Rogers

• American humorist Will Rogers gained fame for his
  monologues, which originally accompanied his
  rope-trick performances in vaudeville shows.

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Ragtime

• Originating in the American Midwest, ragtime
  music flourished around the world from about 1897
  to 1920.
• It became the first internationally accepted
  variety of popular music and the first African
  American music to influence world popular music.

Scott Joplin
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Popular music
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14. What was Vaudeville all about and who were
some of its stars?
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15. How did Thomas Edison influence the music
business?

• Thomas Edison's phonograph sparked a new
  industry.
• By 1900, millions of phonograph records had been
  sold.

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16. How did Scott Joplin and John Philip Sousa
influence our nation?

• Joplin 1st hit
• Sousa played by marching bands at football
  games, 4th of July

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John Philip Sousa

• American bandmaster and composer John Sousa wrote
  many popular marches in the late 1800s, including
  the patriotic classics The Stars and Stripes
  Forever (1897).

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Sports and Leisure
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17. How did the rise of factories influence sport
and leisure?

• With less chance to socialize on the job, there
  was more interest in leisure.
• In sports, Americans found a great escape from
  factories, stores, and offices.

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Baseball the national pastime
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18. How did Baseball become a national sport?

• The game was first played in New York in the
  1840s. During the Civil War, New York soldiers
  showed other Union troops how to play the game.
  By the 1870s, the country had several
  professional teams and its first league.

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Football
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19. From where and when does football originate?

• Football grew out of soccer, which Americans had
  played since colonial times.

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Basketball
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20. From where and when does basketball
originate?

• In 1891, James Naismith invented a new sport
  basketball. Naismith was teaching physical
  education at a YMCA in Springfield,
  Massachusetts.
• He wanted to find a sport that could be played
  indoors in winter. Naismith had two bushel
  baskets nailed to the gym walls. Players tried to
  throw a soccer ball into the baskets.

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James Naismith

• James Naismith invented basketball in 1891 as a
  sport to be played indoors during winter months,
  when inclement weather prohibited outdoor
  exercise.

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Turn to page 574

• Do the Section 3 Review
• 3-7

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3. How did new technology change the face of
American cities?

• Steel frames and electric elevators led to taller
  buildings and altered city landscapes.
• New transit systems reduced urban traffic.

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4. Describe newspapers of the late 1800s

• They were lively and inexpensive.
• They resorted to sensationalism and contained
  photos.

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• 5. (a) How did entertainment unite Americans?(b)
  What sports were popular in the late 1800s?

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• 5. (a) It provided a shared popular culture for
  people of all classes and backgrounds.
• (b) baseball, football, basketball

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6. Describe the cause-and-effect relationship
between population growth and development of the
skyscraper.

• As cities became more crowded, making land
  scarce, architects used vertical space and built
  upward.

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• 7. Some journalists defend sensational stories by
  saying they are giving the public what it wants.
• What types of stories do you think newspapers and
  other media shouldprovide?
• Explain your answer.

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• 7. The media cannot give the public only what it
  wants..sensationalism
• information on world and national events is also
  important.