Application of Magnification in Daily Activities

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Application of Magnification in Daily Activities
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Learning Objectives

• Select appropriate magnification for person and
  context
• Describe working components of magnifiers and
  maintenance
• Distinguish between OT and physician scope of
  practice in applying magnification
• Describe components of effective communication
  with physician

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Basic Technique Stand Magnifier

• Lay the magnifier on the reading material
• View using the reading add of the bifocal
• Pull the magnifier across the line of print
• To move to the next line of print
• Return the magnifier to the left side by pulling
  it back over the line of print just read
• Move the magnifier down to the next line

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Basic TechniqueHand Held Magnifier

• Begin by laying the magnifier on the page and
  then pulling it away until the print comes into
  focus
• View using the distance portion of the eyeglasses
• Two techniques for reading
• Hold the text steady and move the magnifier or
• Hold the magnifier steady and move the reading
  material

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• Move-the-Magnifier Reading Technique
• Hold the reading material steady
• Move the magnifier across the page
• Return to the left side by moving the magnifier
  back over the line just read
• Move the magnifier down to the next line

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• Move-the-Reading-Material Technique
• Hold the magnifier steady
• Move the reading material under the magnifier
• Return to the left side by moving the reading
  material back under the magnifier over the line
  of print just read
• Move the reading material to the next line

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Basic TechniqueMicroscopes (Spectacles)

• Have the patient locate the focal point by
  holding his/her hand up to the lens then moving
  it away until it comes into focus
• Place the reading material there
• Can use either technique of moving the reading
  material or moving the magnifier
• Be sure the page is evenly illuminated at all
  times

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Basic Technique CCTV

• Be sure the patient understands how the CCTV
  works
• Location of the camera
• Size and focus controls
• Polarity
• Operation of X-Y table
• Demonstrate each function and have the patient
  practice

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Basic Technique CCTV

• Determine the smallest size print the patient can
  see by starting at maximum magnification and
  gradually decreasing the size
• Want smallest print possible to maximize the
  number of characters on the screen
• Find the area of the screen that the patient can
  see best

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Basic Technique CCTV

• Break the task into small learning components
• Start by moving the XY table for the patient
  while the patient concentrates on reading
• Introduce operation of XY table by placing your
  hands on patients hands and moving the table
• After practice, remove your hands and have the
  patient operate the table alone

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• Same reading technique is taught
• Move the table to move the line of print across
  the screen
• Return to the left side by returning over the
  same line of text before dropping down to the
  next line
• Outline columns with a marker to help the patient
  keep his/her place

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Handwriting Technique with the CCTV

• Reduce the level of magnification
• Have the patient hold the pen and move the hand
  in until he/she can see the pentip
• Watch the screen when writing

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Dizziness, nausea and other symptoms of motion
sickness may occur with magnifier use

• Bodys reaction to the mismatch of visual,
  kinesthetic and vestibular input

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To Reduce Unpleasant Side Effects

• Keep sessions short and gradually build up in
  length
• Scan pages slowly
• Immediately stop when a symptom appears and wait
  for it pass
• Eating crackers before starting sometimes helps
• Block out peripheral vision (using a card
  occluder with a hole in the middle)

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Basic Technique Telescope

• Locate the target without using the telescope
• Then bring the telescope to the eye
• Hold the telescope as close to the eye as
  possible
• Stabilize the support arm
• Blur out the object, then slowly bring it into
  focus

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Telescope Technique cont

• If patient has difficulty finding target
• Eliminate all light sources except telescope
  window
• Occlude the other eye
• Occlude peripheral vision in viewing eye
• Problems experienced by older adults
• Falling over
• Dizziness
• Poor image quality

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Maintenance

• Parts
• Lens
• Housing
• Power source
• Bulb
• Cleaning
• Use soft damp, lint free cloth (no tissue)
• Never use glass cleaner (such as Windex)
• Do not immerse aid in water

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Routine Care

• Do not set the aid down lens side down
• Do not remove the cord from an electrical socket
  by pulling on the cord
• Turn off the magnifier when not in use
• Can eat up bulbs and batteries

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Changing Batteries/Bulbs

• Every magnifier is different
• Patient must be taught technique for each
  magnifier
• Make sure the patient can locate the opening for
  the battery compartment
• May need to mark opening
• Do not touch the halogen bulb when replacing it
• Have the patient practice, then repeat
  performance next treatment session

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Basic Instruction Principles

• Avoid fatigue and stress
• Observe patient very carefully
• First treatment sessions should be short
• Ensure successful performance
• Break the task down
• Use good quality reading materials
• Sans serif font, spaced text, simple
• Use reading materials patient will enjoy

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• Control lighting
• Good ambient lighting will reduce eye strain
• Reading materials should be well illuminated (no
  glare)
• Make sure patient is using good ergonomics

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Working with the Prescribing Physician

• Be sure you know your state practice act and
  Medicare and insurance guidelines
• Be very clear about your scope of practice
• Promote collaboration
• If physician prescribes magnifier, give precise
  feedback on patients performance
• Continuous communication is very important