Community Policing Mr Sarmad Saeed Khan Additional IG

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Community Policing

Mr
Sarmad Saeed Khan

Additional IG Training
Punjab Police
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SEQUENCE OF PRESENTATION
PART I Conceptual basis of community
policing PART II Experience in Pakistan PART
III Comparison of community policing
models PART IV Role of women in community
policing PART V Impediments in
implementation PART VI Group activity
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PART I
CONCEPTUAL BASIS
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DEFINING COMMUNITY POLICING
Community policing is a philosophy and an
organizational strategy that promotes a new
partnership between people and their police. It
is based on the premise that both the police and
the community must work together as equal
partners to identify, prioritize, and solve
contemporary problems such as crime, drugs, fear
of crime, social and physical disorder, and
overall neighborhood decay, with the goal of
improving the overall quality of life in the
area.
Trojanowicz
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BENEFITS OF COMMUNITY POLICING

• No government funds are required
• Enhances immunity against crime and disorder
• Assists traditional policing
• Bridges the gap of trust
• Encourages social interactions
• Police and public share credit and discredit
• Police officer feels safe in his area of
  responsibility
• Reliable and workable information is available
• Inculcates sense of responsibility in the public
• Police and the public are accountable to each
  other
• Promotes democratic values in the society

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PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Once the community is convinced that the new
system will help them in achieving better quality
of life, they will not hesitate to offer their
active cooperation.

HAZRAT ALI
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ENVIRONMENT FOR COMMUNITY POLICING
Community policing does not work for every
community. Participation appears much more likely
in homogeneous, low-crime, middle-class
neighborhoods.
(John Ellison)
REF John Ellison Community Policing
Implementation Issues FBI Law Enforcement
Bulletin, The FindArticles.com. 26 Sep, 2011
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LIMITATIONS OF TRADITIONAL POLICING
It is resource hungry
Centralization dampens initiative
Experts make blanket policies
Efficiency measured by statistics
The warrior image
Customs and values disconnect
Creates a force and not a service
The US and THEM environment
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COMMUNITY POLICING

• Community policing is a philosophy
• Police Public Government
• Changing mindsets of public and police
• Social work law enforcement
• Reverting back to good old traditions
• Returning the responsibility back

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RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PUBLIC
Police Rules XX1.1
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PART II
EXPERIENCE IN PAKISTAN
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CRITERIA FOR MEMBERS OF A CPC

• Non-political
• Non-controversial personality
• No criminal record
• Having impeccable reputation
• From all groups of the community
• Able to devote time

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WORKING OF COMMUNITY POLICE COMMITTEES

• Office located in a private building
• Ten to thirty members
• Coordinator and Deputy Coordinator
• Proceedings of all meetings are documented
• Standard registers are maintained
• Union Council, Tehsil and District Committees
• Police officers attached at UC and Tehsil level
• Meetings are convened by the Coordinators

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MANDATE OF COMMITTEES

1. Identification and analysis of problems
2. Advising the police on issues
3. Dispute resolution if both the parties agree
4. Arranging neighborhood watch and security
5. Only moral pressure shall be used
6. Seek help of the local police if use of force
   required
7. Laying information about vice dens and offenders
8. Arranging awareness seminars and walks
9. Advising the citizens on issues
10. Helping police during occasions like muharram

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DIFFERENT COMMITTEES

1. Core Committee
2. Tehsil Committee,
3. Scrutiny Committee,
4. Traffic Control Committee
5. Anti Narcotic Committee,
6. Students Committee,
7. Traders Committee

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NUMBER OF COMMITTEES
Till JAN.2003
TEHSIL COMMITTEES
Rahimyar Khan 34
Sadiqabad 87
Khanpur 128
Liaqatpur 21
TOTAL 270
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SPECIAL POLICE OFFICERS till January
2003
TEHSIL NUMBER
Rahimyar Khan 69
Sadiqabad 402
Khanpur 64
Liaqatpur 44
Total 579
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COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAMS

• Seminars and walks
• Seminars for the police
• Human Rights training
• Visits of educational institutions
• Inter-religious task force
• School for special children
• Information boards on bus-stands
• Cable TV

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COMMUNITY POLICING PROGRAMS

• Drug Addicts Rehabilitation Center
• Police Public School
• Character Building Schooling
• Free medical camps Center
• Disposal of unidentified dead bodies
• Citizen Police Liaison Committee
• Crisis Management Group
• Community Policing Website

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PART III
COMPARISON
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COMMUNITY POLICING IN KERALA
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OBJECTIVES
"It is not a project aimed at bettering the image
of the Police. It is also not a project wherein
police duties are performed by the citizens.
Rather it is a project to professionally
strengthen Police and increase its accessibility
to the needy public through close interaction
with and better understanding of the public.
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CRITERIA FOR MEMBERSHIP
Members of Janamaithri Suraksha Samithi should be
able to spare time, should not involve in any
criminal case. He does not have any statutory
powers. Political party members are not included.
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MEETING OF A SAMITHI
The meeting is convened by the Circle Inspector
and SHO is the Secretary Samithi. The meetings
shall be attended by the Sub Divisional Police
Officer once in every month and by the
Superintendent of Police at least once a year. 
http//jmspkerala.blogpot.com/2010/08/community -p
olicing-project-of.html accessed on 28.10.2011
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COMMUNITY POLICING IN NIGERIA
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• IMPEDIMENTS TO COMMUNITY POLICING
• IN NIGERIA
• Internal resistance from police officers who
  benefited from the
• traditional policing and who prefer to maintain
  status quo
• Lack of commitment to the project by implementing
  officers
• Lack of support from members of the public
• Inadequate support from the government
• Poor welfare packages/incentives for policemen
• Conflict between informal ethnic militia and
  police
• REFERENCE Dickson, A.Y. (2007) Community
  Policing in Arase, S.E
• . and Iwuofor (eds.), Policing Nigeria in the
  21st Century, Ibadan,
• Spectrum Books.

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PART IV
ROLE OF WOMEN
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MISSION OF A POLICE OFFICER
The traits of ruthlessness and violence which
are desired in a Marine are counterproductive to
the mission of a police officer.
Operational Culture for Warfighter Principles
and Applications, by Salmoni and
Holmes-Eber
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POLICING IS WORSHIPPING

• Social Contract Theory
• Socially evolved value system
• Society made laws and rules
• Crime is a social deviation
• Social disorganization v/s crime
• Police as Social Scientists
• Police as Social Workers and Reformers
• Police protect haqooq-ul-abad

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POLICE AS SOCIAL WORKERS

• During the period of Hazrat Ali, the shurta
  were
• responsible for the following jobs, as well
• suppression of beggary,
• control over quackery,
• removal of encroachments,
• checking and stopping porters
• and boatmen from carrying heavy loads.

Justice Ali Nawaz Chauhan All Pakistan Legal
Decisions 2005
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POLICE AS SOCIAL WORKERS

• In France, during the regime of Louis-XV police
  performed the following jobs, as well
• Construction of welfare projects,
• Police established stock exchange of Paris
• For providing employment the jobless,
• Food supplies,
• Inspection of drains,
• Cleaning of streets, etc.,

Justice Ali Nawaz Chauhan All Pakistan Legal
Decisions 2005
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THE WARRIOR IMAGE
that the warrior image has had a devastating
impact on recruiting the right kind of officer.
As long as the warrior image remains, policing
will draw the wrong kind of applicant, reward the
wrong kind of behavior, and fail to provide the
kind of services that communities increasingly
demand.
Kimberly
A.Lonsway Ph.D Dismantling the Warrior Image
The Role of Women in Community Policing.
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TRAITS OF A POLICE OFFICER

1. Emotional self-awareness,
2.  Independence,
3. Interpersonal relationships,
4.  Empathy,
5.  Stress tolerance,
6. Impulse control,
7. Flexibility,and  
8.  Problem solving

Operational Culture for Warfighter
Principles and Applications,

Salmoni and Holmes-Eber
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REQUIRED TRAITS OF COMMUNITY POLICE OFFICER

• Above board moral, intellectual and financial
  integrity
• Use of thinking and imagination in problems
  solving
• Ability to act independently and take initiatives
• Sensitive to socio-cultural values of community
• Intelligence led and knowledge based policing
• Sincerity of purpose and commitment
• Affable, extrovert, tolerant, empathetic,
  clairvoyant
• Very good in communication skills

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TRAITS OF A FEMALE POLICE OFFICER

• More serious in duty do not waste their time
• Less corrupt financially, morally and
  intellectually
• Interact better with female victims of violence
• Can have easy ingress to households
• Present softer side of the police
• Empathetic and sensitive to human relationship
• Very good in communication and problems solving

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PART V
IMPEDIMENTS
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PERCEPTION OF A POLICE OFFICER

• Perceive it dilution of their powers
• Think controlling crime is exclusively a police
  job
• Public will exploit closeness with police
• District police officers are too busy to find
  time
• Fancy policing is not going to work
• Why to annoy political elite

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PERCEPTION OF POLITICIANS

• Police is not a social service
• Serving the people is exclusively their domain
• It will distance the public from the politicians
• It is their right to be members of such
  initiatives
• The political opponents have no role

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PERCEPTION OF THE PUBLIC

• Maintenance of public order is exclusively
  police job
• Normally police touts join such initiatives
• Why to earn enmity with anti-social elements
• Police are not serious in serving the community
• Whats in it for me approach
• We do not have free time

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PART VI
GROUP ACTIVITY
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BRAINSTORMING SESSION Time 15 mins
GROUP 1 How to associate Politicians in community
policing without compromising its basic
principles? GROUP 2 What Areas of Importance did
we miss in our initiative to
disallow CP to take roots in Pakistan? GROUP
3 What Problems women police officers may
face in community policing initiatives while
working beside their male colleagues? GROUP
4 What are the possible areas where women
community police officers can contribute for
Women Protection and Well-being?
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THANKS
www.sarmadsaeed.com sarmadsaeedkhan_at_gmail.comm
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Problems Solutions
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INTERPRETATION OF ISLAMIC INJUNCTIONS ABOUT
WOMEN
"Muslims who advance conservative views on female
affairs...are normally very literal in their
understanding of texts but they tendentiously
opt for an understanding that suits their
prejudice.

• Dr. Hassan Al-Turabi
• Bachelor in Law
• Masters University of London
• PhD from Sorbonne, Paris
• Speaker of Parliament, Sudan
• Minister of Justice, Sudan
• Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sudan
• Deputy Prime Minister, Sudan

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SUMMARY

• Traditional policing focuses on controlling and
  reacting
• Community policing is preventive and proactive
• Traditional Policing is centralizing CP is for
  devolving powers
• TP uses brute military power, CP is policing by
  consent
• CP works by decreasing social disorganization
• Implementation is easier in low crime homogenous
  society
• Without support of the public police fails to
  achieve goals

continued
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• Police are Social Scientists and Social Workers
• Policing means protecting the basic rights of
  citizens
• CP is about equal partnership between police and
  public
• It has to be adopted as organizational strategy
• It is about changing the mindset of the police
  and the public
• CP and TP augment each other