Blue brain

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Blue brain
Presented by
SACHIN N 1GA07EC087
Under the guidance B.C.DIVAKAR
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CONTENTS

• Introduction
• What is blue brain?
• What is virtual brain?
• Why we need virtual brain?
• Blue Brain project objectives
• Hardware and software requirement
• Blue Gene
• Steps Involved
• Natural Brain v/s Simulated Brain
• Examples of Blue Brain
• Applications of Blue Brain
• Advantage and disadvantage
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

• Human brain, the most valuable creation of God.
  The man is called intelligent because of the
  brain. But we loss the knowledge of a brain when
  the body is destroyed after the death .
• BLUE BRAIN- The name of the worlds first
  virtual brain. That means a machine that can
  function as human brain.
• Is it really possible to create a human brain?
  

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• YES", The IBM is now developing a virtual brain
  known as the BLUE BRAIN.
• It would be the worlds first virtual brain.
• Within 30 years, we will be able to scan
  ourselves into the computers
• So, even after the death of a person we will not
  loose the knowledge, intelligence, personalities,
  feelings and memories of that man that can be
  used for the development of the human society.

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VIRTUAL BRAIN

• Virtual brain is an artificial brain, which does
  not actually the natural brain, but can act as
  the brain.
• It can think like brain, take decisions based on
  the past experience, and response as the natural
  brain can.
• It is possible by using a super computer, with a
  huge amount of storage capacity, processing power
  and an interface between the human brain and this
  artificial one .
• Through this interface the data stored in the
  natural brain can be uploaded into the computer .

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Why we need VIRTUAL BRAIN ?

• Intelligence ,Knowledge and skill of a person can
  be made eternal.
• We can upload the contents of natural brain into
  it.
• Things can be made easy as everything is
  automated.

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BLUE BRAIN PROJECT OBJECTIVES

• The project will search for insights into how
  human beings think and remember.
• Scientists think that blue brain could also help
  to cure the Parkinson's disease.
• The brain circuitry is in a complex state of
  flux, the brain rewiring itself every moment of
  its existence.If the scientists can crack open
  the secret of how and why the brain does it, the
  knowledge could lead to new breed of
  supercomputers.

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HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRMENT

• A super computer. (Blue Gene/L )
• 22.8 TFLOPS peak processing speed.
• Processor with a very high processing power.
• 8,096 CPUs at 700 MHz (downgraded to handle
  massive parallel processing).
• 256MB to 512MB memory per processor with a very
  large storing capacity..
• Linux and C software.
• 100 kilowatts power con
• A very wide network.
• Very powerful Nanobots to act as the interface
  between the natural brain and the computer

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Blue Gene Super Computer

• Blue Gene Computer architecture project
  designed to produce several super computers
  having speeds in TFLOPS range.
• Developed through a partnership with Lawrence
• Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).
• Theoretical performance 280 TFLOPS sustained
• 360 TFLOPS peak.
• It uses Luster to access multiple file systems in
  the 600TB 1PB range

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The Blue Gene/L supercomputer architecture
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STEPS INVOLVED
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UPLOADING HUMAN BRAINNANOBOTS

• The uploading is possible by the use of small
  robots known as the nanobots
• These robots are small enough to travel
  throughout our circulatory system
• Traveling into the spine and brain, they will be
  able
• to monitor the activity and structure of our
  central nervous system
• They will be able to provide an interface with
• computer while we still reside in our
  biological
• form

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• Nanobots could also carefully scan the structure
  of our brain, providing a complete readout of the
  connection.
• This information, when entered into a computer,
  could then continue to function as us.
• Thus the data stored in the entire brain will be
  uploaded into the computer

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Modeling the Brain

• 1Modeling the neurons-
• The team will start by modeling the electrical
  structure of neural circuits repeated throughout
  the brain and then map and model their behavior.
• Shape Structure influences its electrical
  properties.
• infrared differential interference microscopy
  allow the systematic quantification of the
  molecular, morphological and electrical
  properties of the different neurons
• 2 Modeling connections-
• Precise density Volume of the Cell provides
  essential information for constructing cortical
  circuits.
• Blue Gene is used in intensive calculation to fix
  the synapse locations

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• 3 Modeling the column-
• The result of all these calculations is a
  recreation at the cellular level of the NCC.
• A model of NCC was completed at the end of 2006

Once complete, they will move onto creating a
molecular model of the neurons involved and a
complete neocortex (the largest and most complex
part of the human brain) before modelling the
rest of the brain
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Model of NCC
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BRAIN SIMULATION

• Once the neural microcircuit is built, the
  exciting work of making the circuit function can
  begin.
• All the 8192 processors of the Blue Gene are
  pressed into service, in a massively parallel
  computation solving the complex mathematical
  equations that govern the electrical activity in
  each neuron when a stimulus is applied.
• As the electrical impulse travels from neuron to
  neuron, the results are communicated via
  inter-processor communication (MPI).
• Currently, the time required to simulate the
  circuit is about two orders of magnitude larger
  than the actual biological time simulated.
• The Blue Brain team is working to streamline the
  computation so that the circuit can function in
  real time - meaning that 1 second of activity can
  be modeled in one second

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RECONSTRUCTING THE NEOCORTICAL COLUMN
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NATURAL BRAIN VS SIMULATED BRAIN
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EXAMPLE OF BLUE BRAIN

• A very good example of utilization of blue brain
  is the case "short term memory".
• Another situation is that when a person gets
  older, then he starts forgetting or takes a bit
  more time to recognise to a person.
• For the above reason we need a blue brain.It ia
  simple chip that can be installed into the human
  brain for which the short term memory and
  volatile memory at the old age can be avoided.

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Applications of Blue Brain

• Cracking the Neural Code
• To develop a new breed of supercomputer
• Understanding Neocortical Information Processing
• A Novel Tool for Drug Discovery for Brain
  Disorders
• A Global Facility
• A Foundation for Whole Brain Simulations
• A Foundation for Molecular Modeling of Brain
  Function

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Advantages and limitations
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CONCLUSION

• We will be able to transfer ourselves into
  computers at some point.
• It will bring both benefits and harm to human
  society .
• Eventually aim of applying terrific computer
  power to the simulation of an entire brain.
• Very soon this technology will be highly accepted
  whole over the world.

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THANK YOU