ALERT : Midterm

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ALERT Midterm 3

• Originally scheduled for 24 Nov 08(Monday before
  Thanksgiving)
• Will be MOVED to 1 Dec 08(Monday after
  Thanksgiving)
• To allow for additional study time
• Daily schedule will continue, including class
  meetings on 24 and 26 Nov 08

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Nationalism(Chapter 29)

• The expression in the arts of ones ethnic or
  linguistic identity through the use of native or
  folk elements, especially by peoples in
  subjugated or politically oppressed lands. (my
  definition)

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Modest Musorgsky (1839-1881)

• Russian aristocrat
• Government Clerk
• Mighty Handful
• Amateur composer (not paid)
• Alcoholic, etc.

4
Pictures at an Exhibition

• Composed 1874
• Originally for piano solo
• Based on artwork of Victor Hartmann (Russian
  artist, 1833-1873)
• Chose 10 paintings to portray in music (and
  added connecting materials)
• Orchestration by Maurice Ravel in 1922

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Promenade
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Ox Cart(Picture 4)
NB. Victor Hartmanns Original Painting was
destroyed
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Picture 6

• Samuel Goldenberg and SchmuyleTwo Jews, Rich
  and Poor

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Picture 10

• Great Gate of Kiev

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Italian Opera in 19th Century (Chapter 26)

• Italy as the land of opera
• Bel canto (beautiful singing) emphasize the
  voice w/ accompaniment
• Rossini Crescendo
• Cabaletta (fast ending)
• Recitatives, arias, etc., used to build scena
• Moving towards Verismo (truth)

Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868) front Giuseppe
Verdi (1813-1901) rear
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Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901)

• Most important Italian composer of 19th c
• 28 operas (almost no other significant works)
• Combination of the bel canto style w/ high drama
• Rigoletto, Aida, La Traviata, Il Trovatore, etc.

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Follie, FollieSempre Libera from La Traviata
on YouTube

• YouTube - Devia sings Sempre libera (Verdi La
  Traviata - Tokyo 2006)
• YouTube - Mirella Freni "Follie! Sempre libera"
  La Traviata
• YouTube - Renée Fleming sings Sempre libera from
  La traviata

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Richard Wagner (1813-1883)

• Inventor of music drama
• Complete control of all aspects of production
• Wrote own librettos based on German mythology
• Orchestra tells the story
• Leitmotifs in unending melody
• Der Ring des Nibelungen (4 operas)

Richard Wagner (1813-1883)
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German Opera in 19th Century(Chapter 27)

• Emphasis on myth and German heritage
• Gesamtkunstwerk
• Music Dramas
• Tristan und Isolde
• Leitmotifs (used in endless melody)
• Huge Orchestra
• Bayreuth Festspielhaus

Tristan
Isolde
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Bayreuth Festspielhaus
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Bayreuth Festspielhaus
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Bayreuth Festspielhaus

• Orchestra Pit (in front of stage)
• Holds over 100 players
• invisible orchestra

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Richard Wagner, Tristan und Isolde, Liebestod
love-death

• YouTube - Eileen Farrell sings "Mild und Leise"
  Tristan und Isolde
• YouTube - Tristan und Isolde Act3 Mild und
  leise... (Leonard Bernstein, Hildegard Behrens)
• YouTube - Birgit Nilsson Liebestod(concert
  performance)

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MIDTERM 3TEST MATERIALSEND HERE

• (Items from this point forward are on Final Exam)