American Artists

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American Artists

• Created by
• Paige C.

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Music 1860-1890

• Americans were less technically proficient than
  Europeans and sought to have distinctly
  American music that showed the cultural
  influences of Africa and the Caribbean with a
  little European flavor mixed in.
• Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1862)- The Union one
  of many patriotic tunes that were popular during
  the Civil War era, he also used a blend of
  cultural styles of the Caribbean. Virtuoso
  pianist who traveled around the country
  performing for big and little cities like many
  artists of the time
• John Philip Sousa (1889)- the most popular
  American composer who composed The Washington
  Post March one of his most popular songs of the
  day and was a two-step dance hit. He was called
  the March King.

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Artists 1860-1890

• Emanuel Leutze- painted Westward the Course of
  Empire Takes Its Way for the House of
  Representatives, shows Americans journey West
  and American idea of Manifest Destiny. He also
  painted George Washington Crossing the Delaware

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Artists 1860-1890
The Last Race, Catlin

• George Catlin (1796-1872)- traveled from tribe to
  tribe and documented real Indian life in his
  pictures
• Winslow Homer (1836-1910)- painted many realistic
  Civil War Scenes. A Visit From the Old
  Mistress depicts the lives of women post- Civil
  War. The former slaves no longer show the
  mistress the respect she once had.

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Artists 1860-1890

• Thomas Nast - political cartoonist during the
  Civil War and well into the 1800s who is famous
  for commenting on the political policy and
  leadership of the time.

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Artists 1860-1890

• Hiram Powers- Romantic sculptor who used themes
  of slavery and the noble savage who is more in
  touch with nature than the more civilized white
  man. The Greek Slave was the most famous
  sculpture of the 19th century.

The Last of the Tribe (1867)?
The Greek Slave (1843) ?
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Music 1890- 1910

• Ragtime- Scott Joplins The Entertainer and
  Maple Leaf Rag- mostly preformed by
  African-American musicians, highly syncopated
  boogie-woogie style on piano
• Tin Pan Alley- city block in New York where music
  publisher, songwriters, record companies promoted
  popular music of the day music for vaudeville,
  radio, films and eventually Broadway

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Photography 1890-1910

• William Henry Jackson- survey photographer on
  Oregon Trail who took pictures of lands out West
  photographed Yellowstone which influenced
  Congress to preserve the pristine landscape as a
  national park
• Alfred Stieglitz (1864-1946)- lead Pictorialism
  movement which promoted photography as an
  art, not just documentation

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Artists 1890-1910

• Ash Can Painting- (1903-1920) named so because
  even a garbage can was a subject for these
  artists who wanted to capture the real world
  without any romanticism lead by Robert Henri

Snow in New York (1902)- Robert Henri
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Artists 1890-1910

• Mary Cassatt (1844-1926)- late 19th century
  impressionist, focused mainly on the themes of
  everyday life, and mother and child. She also
  dappled in the Japanese style prints, like the
  picture on the right.

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Artists 1890-1910

• John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)- an impressionist
  who focused on large outdoor landscapes. His
  portrait of Madame X (right) was thought to be
  scandalous in Paris in the late 1800s because of
  her bare shoulders and chest.

Madame X (1884)
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Music 1910-1940

• Aaron Copland (1900-1990)
• Wrote distinctly American music often based on
  folk melodies
• He was an ardent socialist who believed in
  writing music for the common man
• Fanfare for the Common Man (theme music for the
  Olympics)?
• Appalachian Springs, a ballet that featured
  Simple Gifts

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Music 1910-1940

• George Gershwin (1898-1937) Tin Pan Alley
  songwriter
• Folk opera Porgy and Bess (1935) with an
  all-black cast
• Wrote the music to Broadway shows like La, La,
  Lucille, and the film score for An American In
  Paris
• Summertime I Got Rhythm and my favorite
  Rhapsody In Blue

• Collaborated on many songs with his brother Ira
• Died of a brain aneurism at the age of only 39

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Artists 1910-1940

• Georgia OKeefe (1887- 1986)?
• She painted from nature but added her own
  interpretation of what she saw
• Famous for her pictures of flowers and cow skulls
• Married to Alfred Stieglitz, founder of the
  pictorial movement in photography

Cows Skull with Calico Roses (1932)?
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Artists 1910-1940

• Charles Russell (1864-1926) images of the real
  American West
• Edward Hopper (1882-1967) American realist

Buffalo Bills Duel with Yellowhand (1917)?
Sunday (1926)?
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Photography 1910-1940

• Ansel Adams (1902-1984) an idealist who
  documented Western landscapes
• Supporter of the Sierra Club
• Used the zone system that divided light into 10
  gradations from black to white to get the most
  drastic contrasts in his pictures

Monolith, The Face of The Half Dome (1926)?
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Music 1940-1988

• Elvis Presley (1935-1977) started a cultural
  revolution that changed the way Americans danced,
  acted, and dressed. He was the icon of the 50s
  generation with his pop, country, and gospel
  songs.
• Famous songs- Love Me Tender, Jailhouse Rock, In
  the Ghetto, Blue Suede Shoes

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Music 1940-1988

• Frank Sinatra (1915-1998) sang American popular
  music for from the 30s to the 60s, one of the
  most recognizable voices of his time
• Willie Nelson (1941-) songwriter and country
  music legend from the 1960s to the present.
• Wrote Crazy for Patsy Cline.

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Music 1940-1988

• Michael Jackson (1958-) member of the Jackson 5
  and then a solo artist who showed America how to
  dance with his signature moves. Pop music icon.
• Songs- Beat It, Bad, Billy Jean, Black or White
• Though highly controversial, he touched a
  worldwide audience and still has fans in every
  country.

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Artists 1940-1988

• Andy Warhol (1928-1987) created many famous
  screen prints like his soup cans that reflected
  the ideas of the 60s generation. His prints were
  commentaries on the changing society to one of
  mass media and reproduction. He painted with
  imperfections.
• Created many famous, multi-colored pictures of
  Marilyn Monroe, Marlon Brando, and Jackie O.

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Artist 1940-1988

• Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) Abstract
  Impressionist who challenged conventional art
  similar to Picasso. Began the splatter paint
  style of art that was random and imperfect, but
  still respected as art nonetheless.

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Artists Pre-Civil War

• John James Audubon (1785-1851)?
• Considered an ornithologist more than a
  painter/drawer for his paintings of frontier
  birds specimen with backgrounds
• Famous for his frontier persona

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Artists Pre-Civil War

• Alfred Jacob Miller (1810-1874)?
• Painted the American West as the boundary of the
  US moved out. Went on expeditions in the
  frontier to Wyoming. Famous painting The Trappers
  Bride (1850)?
• Alfred T. Agate (1812-184)?
• Botanical artist who went on the Wilkes
  expedition and died while drawing the pictures of
  the landscape

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Artists Pre-Civil War

• Peter Rindisbacher (1806-1834)?
• From Switzerland but moved to America as a child
  and became an artist
• Painted Canadian fur traders and their lives
  during the 1820s and 1830s
• Also did painted many pictures that depicted
  Native Americans on the frontier

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Pre-Civil War Artists

• Albert Bierstadt (1830-1902)?
• Wanted to glorify the presence of God in nature
  through his mammoth paintings
• Painted the American West and went on several
  expeditions to the parks and mountains that
  defined the western landscape
• Included intricate details that had to be viewed
  with an opera glass
• Painted from sketches back in Europe or the US
  after the fact

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Hudson River School

• A group of artists during the same place and time
  that painted Romanticized images of the American
  wilderness and the insignificance of man in the
  grand scheme of the world
• First true school of art, though it wasnt
  actually a school but more of a way of thinking
• Included artists such as Thomas Cole and Asher B.
  Durand