Epochs

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Epochs
20 0 mm -20
1 2 3
4 5 Hours
Elevation angle and phase residuals for single
satellite
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Simple geometry for incidence of a direct and
reflected signal
Multipath contributions to observed phase for an
antenna at heights (a) 0.15 m, (b) 0.6 m, and (c
) 1 m. From Elosegui et al, 1995
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Antenna Phase Patterns
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Top PBO station near Lind, Washington. Bottom
BARD station CMBB at Columbia College, California
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Left Phase residuals versus elevation for
Westford pillar, without (top) and with (bottom)
microwave absorber. Right Change in height
estimate as a function of minimum elevation angle
of observations solid line is with the
unmodified pillar, dashed with microwave absorber
added
From Elosequi et al.,1995
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Correlation between estimates of height and
zenith delay as function of minimum elevation
angle observed (VLBI, from Davis 1986)
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Uncertainty in estimated height as function of
minimum elevation angle observed (VLBI, from
Davis 1986 dotted line with no zenith delay
estimated)
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GPS adjustments to atmospheric zenith delay for
29 June, 2003 southern Vancouver Island (ALBH)
and northern coastal California (ALEN). Estimates
at 2-hr intervals.
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