Roll With the Changes- Physics Module

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Roll
With the Changes
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Team Manhattan
Fred Nelson- Physics Angie Messer- Math Kathy
Hemenover- Library Media/Technology Tracy
Robinson- Social Studies
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Introduction
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Students will discover the physics and
mathematics behind the designs of various roller
coaters what makes the rides fun, exciting, and
safe.
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Students will have learned how to analyze data
and interpret graphs prior to beginning this
module.
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Throughout this unit of study, students will work
both in collaborative groups and independently.
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Students will develop a non-working 3-D model of
a roller coaster thereby increasing their
interest in this activity.
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Through the use of various teaching methods and
alternative assessmentsstudents will gain a
higher level of comprehension.
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Objectives
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Students will apply principals of forces of
Newtons laws, circular motion, work energy to
analyze the physics of a roller coaster.
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Featured Facts
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Forces Newtons Laws Free-body diagrams Summing
forces Normal forces
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Work, Energy, Power Conservation of
energy Gravitational potential energy Kinetic
energy Dissipation of energy
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Module Description
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The Excel model serves as a number cruncher for
a larger unit in which students study the
concepts of work and energy.
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By examining the elements of a roller coaster
students can apply the principle of conservation
of energy.
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Students work in collaborative groups to design
their own roller coaster on paper and in a
non-working 3-D model.
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Students will input the parameters from their
design into the Excel calculator, which then
outputs specific energies and velocities.
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Module Requirements
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Computer application Microsoft Excel or other
spreadsheet Other Materials Graph Paper
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Construction Materials foam core pipe
cleaners straws craft sticks glue colored
pencils markers
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Resources
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Amusement Park Physics, edited by Carole
Escobar, AAPTRoller Coaster Physics, written
by Tony Wayne http//www.pen.k12.va.us/Anth
ology/Pav/Science/P hysics/book/home.html Vid
eosWorlds Greatest Roller Coaster Thrills
Goldhil VideoThrill Rides Sony Pictures
Classics
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Discovery Online Expeditions, High
Anxiety http//www.discovery.com/exp/rollercoaste
rs/rollercoasters.html Funderstanding Roller
Coaster http//www.funderstanding.com/k12/coaster
The Physics of Roller Coasters http//www.linfield
.edu/twsobey/Coaster/ Roller Coaster
Physics http//coasters.eb.com/ride.html Physics
of Roller Coasters http//et.sdsu.edu/KBoe/coaster
/taskphysics/physics.htm Annenberg/CPB
Project--Amusement Park Physics http//www.learner
.org/exhibits/parkphysics/
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Activities
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Activity One Two dimensional scale
model Dimensions Height Radius of
curvature Length Angle Reference points for
calculation
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Activity Two Model Three dimensional scale
model Nonworking representation Theme
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Activity Three Narrative Written
description Riders point-of-view Highlights of
ride Roller coaster jargon Discussion of physics
concepts Career discussion
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• Student Guide
• Roller Coaster Design Project
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• In this project, you will work with two partners
  to design a roller coaster. Your achievement
  will be measured in the areas of creativity of
  design, correct application of physics, and
  overall quality of design. The project carries a
  grading weight equivalent to an exam. You may
  model your coaster on any of the major designs
  examined in class
•         Wooden Twister
•         Steel Out and Back Hypercoaster
•         Steel Looping Coaster
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• Required Components
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• Paper Designa scale drawing on graph paper of
  the coaster design in two dimensions, showing all
  elements of the ride hills and dips, loops,
  curves, etc. The paper design should indicate
  the dimensions of the ride lengths, elevations,
  angles, radii of curvature. Calculations should
  be included with the paper design, with reference
  points labeled. All measurements must be in SI
  units. Only one paper design is required from
  your group.
• Modela three dimensional scale model of the
  design built using posterboard, foamcore, craft
  sticks, pipe cleaners, etc. The model must show
  the complete ride from the boarding station to
  the end of the circuit where the train reenters
  the station. You do not need to model the cars
  or trains on the ride. Only one model is
  required from your group.
• Narrativea written description of the coaster,
  highlighting all elements of the ride and the
  physics concepts involved, including velocities,
  forces, power, energy, etc. Relate these
  concepts to the material already studied, such as
  mass, inertia, acceleration, measurement, and so
  on. Include in the narrative an account from the
  point of view of someone riding the ride. Simple
  descriptions of the train and cars should be
  included here. The features of the ride should
  be described using roller coaster jargon, like
  camelback, out-and-back, barrel roll, etc. Your
  must also include information about the career of
  roller coaster designer and engineer, including
  required education and suggested training. Your
  coaster should have an original, intriguing, but
  appropriate name. Each member of your group must
  turn in an original, unique narrative.

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• Design Requirements
• Coaster design must be to scale.
• The coaster must be a closed circuit with all
  track and elements visible and above ground.
• Design must have a minimum of FIVE elements. An
  element is defined as an energy or direction
  change, such as a hill, loop, curve, or braking
  section.
• These elements are required
• Lift hill
• Bottom of lift hill
• Banked curve or vertical loop
• G-forces experienced by the rider cannot exceed
  4.
• Assume a coaster train mass with passengers of
  3.0 x 103 kg, and a gravitational field strength
  of 10 N/kg
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• Required Calculations
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• Lift Hill Calculations
• Work done by the motor in raising the coaster
  train to the top of the lift hill.
• Total energy of the coaster at the top of the
  lift hill.
• The power expended by the motor. Assume a
  reasonable constant velocity of the train as it
  climbs the lift hill.
• Reference point calculations (5 reference points)
• Total mechanical energy as the coaster arrives at
  the reference point. Assume that total energy is
  dissipated by 5 at each element from what it was
  at the preceding point.

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Assessments
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Creativity of Design 25 of grade Name
Theme Track layout Element arrangement
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Quality of Model 25 of grade Model
construction Paper design Narrative
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Application of Physics 50 of grade Discussion of
concepts Use of terms Relationships Career
relevance
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Application of Physics Lift hill
calculations Work Total energy Potential Kinetic P
ower Angle Time
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Application of Physics Reference point
calculations Velocity Total energy Free-body
diagram Summation of forces Banking angle
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Rubric
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Math Standards
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From the National Council for Teachers of
Mathematics
In grades 9-12, students should learn to judge
the effects of such operations as multiplication,
division, and computing powers and roots on the
magnitudes of quantities.   
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In grades 9-12, students should learn to judge
the reasonableness of numerical computations and
their results.
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In grades 9-12, students use geometric ideas to
solve problems in, and gain insights into, other
disciplines and other areas of interest such as
art and architecture.  
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• Instructional programs from pre-kindergarten
  through grade 12 should enable all students to
• build new mathematical knowledge through problem
  solving
• solve problems that arise in mathematics and in
  other contexts
• apply and adapt a variety of appropriate
  strategies to solve problemsmonitor and reflect
  on the process of mathematical problem solving.

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Science Standards
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from the National Science Education Standards
Teaching Standard C . . . Ongoing assessment of
their teaching and of student learning.
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Assessment Standard A Assessments must be
consistent with the decisions they are designed
to inform.
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Assessment Standard B Achievement and
opportunity to learn science must be assessed.
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Content Standard B . . . Understanding of
motions and forces. . . conservation of energy
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Content Standard E . . . Understandings about
science and technology.
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Thanks for your interest party on