THE BISON:

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THE BISON

• THE IMPACT OF THE BISON ON EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE
  PLAINS POPULATION DURING THE 1800S

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CREATED BY SANDRA TINSLEYAND ELVA MORALES

• SPECIAL THANKS TO TEACHING AMERICAN HISTORY
  GRANT 2006.

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From http//www.FirstPeople.us
This unit is designed for students
developmentally in Preschool through Grade
3. Special considerations have been made for
English Language Learners.
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Part I. Preschool Level
From http//www.FirstPeople.us

• Created by Sandra Tinsley
• Sandra.Tinsley_at_usd480.net

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Kansas Standards andBenchmarks Kindergarten

• Kansas, United States, and World History
• History Standard The student uses a working
  knowledge and understanding of significant
  individuals, groups, ideas, events, eras, and
  developments in the history of Kansas, the United
  States, and the world, utilizing essential
  analytical and research skills.
• Benchmark 3 The student understands the
  significance of events, holidays, documents, and
  symbols that are important to Kansas, United
  States, and World history.
• Indicator 4. (K) recognizes important Kansas
  state symbols (e.g., state animal-buffalo).
• Preschool standards and benchmarks have not
  been approved for preschool at this time.

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Objectives

• Students will discuss vocabulary words related to
  the bison .
• Look at and create pictures and artwork of bison.
• Participate in movement and song.
• Make models of useful items made from the bison.
• Act out plains Indians encounters with bison.
• Experience live bison.

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VOCABULARY WORDS

• Many, muchos
• Few, unos
• Tepee, casa de los indios
• fur, de piel
• Rough, áspero

• Bison, bisonte
• Buffalo, búfalo
• Big, grande
• Little, pequeño
• Brown, café
• Indian, Indio

Students will demonstrate understanding of these
words by discussing, Sorting, comparing, and
listing.
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A. LANGUAGE CENTER BISON OR BUFFALO ? WHAT IS IT?

• Students will learn about bison through
  literature and communication.
• Discuss bison and buffalo words. Bison is the
  name of the Kansas state mammal, commonly called
  a Buffalo. Explain that Bison is the animals
  real name and Buffalo is like a pet name your
  mother may call you, like Bubba, Mommy, or mi
  hija. (Purchase has been requested for samples
  of fur, leather scraps, jaw bones, horn cap, hair
  roving, teeth, and tail from BisonFarm.com and
  will be available from Liberal Historical
  Society). On line paintings at
  www.FirstPeople.us
• 2. Bison used their rough, thick fur to keep
  warm during the winter snows and cold. They are
  the only animal who will keep their head facing
  into a blizzard. Use an enlarged colored drawing
  of a bison and allow children to cover it with
  shaving cream as if it were in a blizzard.
• 3. Duplicate an outline of a bison on
  construction paper. Students can glue textures
  on the bison to represent fur using coffee
  grounds, pencil shavings, cotton balls, Grass
  can also be glued on the bottom of the picture to
  show what they ate.

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LANGUAGE CENTER CONTINUED

• Make a buffalo mask, using the pattern on the
  next slide. (1) The finished product can be used
  in the social studies center.
• Suggested reading
• The Buffalo, Sabrina Crewe
• Nickel-The Baby Buffalo who Thought he was a Dog,
  Nancy Savage
• Buffalo Nations, Valerius Geist
• Buffalo Dreams, Kim Doner
• Bison Our Wild World Series
• BOOKS AVAILABLE AT LIBERAL MEMORIAL
  LIBRARY
• Buffaloes, Marianne Johnston
• Underwear!, Mary Elise Monsell
• Getting to KnowNatures Children Bison, Laima
  Dingwall
• Following the Great herds The Plains Indians
  and the American Buffalo, Ryan P. Randolph
• 6. Emphasize the letter B and the sound it
  makes. Name other words that begin with that
  sound. (bug, bear, boy, beso, big, burro,
  blanco).

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B. MATH CENTER

• Use cutouts of different sized and colored
  buffalo to seriate and talk about big and little.
• Counting--Connect the dots 1-15 to complete the
  outline of an American Buffalo. (next page)
• Make patterns and graphs using cutouts or plastic
  animals.
• Use plastic farm and zoo animals containing bison
  to sort out animals which are the same or
  different. This can be more engaging if done in
  a sand and water table with grass, water, wheat,
  dirt, Graph the amounts to show which has many
  and few. The animals can be obtained through
  ustoy.com or Constructive Playthings catalog.
  The store is located in Leawood KS.
• Discuss how bison meat tastes similar to beef and
  that the Native American Plains Indians would
  hunt them for food. The Indians at first hunted
  them on foot and then later used horses to
  surround them in order to get more. Later the
  European Settlers, railroad companies and cruel
  cowboys with rifles killed them by the thousands.
  (2) At the beginning of the 1800s there were
  60-100 million bison and by 1883 there were no
  wild bison remaining. Today there are some small
  domesticated herds, with some being used for a
  nutritional supplement to beef.
  (en.wikipedia.org).
• (1) Kansas Images An activity Book for
  Children, Kansas State Historical Soc., 2000.
  Mask-p.19, Dot-to-dot p.17. Available at
  Coronado Museum, Liberal KS.
• (2) Kansas and the West,2003, edited by Rita
  Napier, p.67., available at Coronado Museum,
  Liberal KS.

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SOCIAL STUDIESCENTERThis center is for applying
knowledge to situations.

• Materials Native American and/or European
  Settler props may include tepee, baby dolls,
  cardboard box for dugout, drums, face paint,
  pretend dogs/snakes/horses/birds, wood for play
  fire, blankets, food ( bison patties, chicken,
  rabbit, corn, flat bread, vegetables, fruits).
• Make paper hatchets using tag board and craft
  sticks for handles.
• Make Indian vests and headdresses with bison
  hunting pictures on them.
• Pretend to be settlers or Indians and hunt and
  cook food, care for children and horses, or grow
  food. (You could also plant grass seeds in
  containers).
• Pretend to be bison.

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D. SCIENCE CENTER

• Bison chips (feces) were dried and used for
  nearly smokeless fires. Students can help make
  chocolate oatmeal cookies to represent these.
  Students can also help make bison shaped cookies
  and decorate them.
• Bison fur was light brown in the summer and
  dark brown in the winter. Color a picture of a
  bison, or enlarge the picture and allow the
  students to use water, tempera, or finger paints,
  Kansas Symbols Coloring Book ,(1996, by Kansas
  Heritage Center, available at Coronado Museum,
  Liberal KS.)
• Use Play Doh or home made play doh and bison
  cookie cutters (available from Coronado Museum,
  Liberal KS.) to create bison and other items from
  their environment, such as grass, water, hills,
  Indians, or settlers. Recipe for doh 2 C
  flour, 2 T. oil, 2 C water, 1 C salt, 4 t. cream
  of tartar, food coloring. Mix all but the flour
  over medium heat until salt dissolves, then
  gradually add flour. Knead out the lumps when
  warm. May be stored in airtight container or bag
  forever.
• Bison meat needed to be saved to eat later and
  there were no freezers or refrigerators. It had
  to be sliced thin and hung up to dry. Make beef
  jerky with the class. Slice lean beef into 1/8
  inch thick pieces and soak in a mixture of liquid
  smoke, soy sauce, and brown sugar for 10 minutes.
  Place the meat on dehydrator drying trays
  overnight.
• Listen to a bison at www//nps.gov/wica/bison.html
  .
• Watch live bison in Yellowstone Park at
  www.buffalofield.org
• .

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MUSIC AND MOVEMENT

• Sing and act out song Ten little Indians,
  practice recognizing numbers to 10.
• Sing the Kansas State Song, Home on the Range
  and use pictures of a home, buffalo, deer and
  antelope, clear sky. Students can raise the
  correct picture when it is mentioned in the song.
• Drum heads were made from bison hides. Tape
  brown paper over tops of empty cans to make
  drums, or borrow drums from the music
  department. Students can tap musical beats and
  patterns to music.
• Students hold hands in a circle and move left,
  right, in, and out to The Old Brass Wagon.
• Buffalo Migrationbison moved to different areas
  of the country to avoid harsh weather and to find
  the best grasses to eat. Create an obstacle
  course for students to walk over the mountains
  (climb up ladder and slide down), jump over
  streams (jump in and out of hula hoops), crawl
  through caves (tunnel), walk backwards, run, walk
  on cliff edge (balance beam)
• Buffalo RunIndians would chase the buffalo until
  they were close enough to kill. Have a group of
  students be the Indians and another group be the
  bison. The bison are chased into a circular area
  of the playground and then soft balls are thrown
  at them. If they are touched by a ball, they are
  out.

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EVALUATION

• Discuss and observe finished projects.
• Observe drama in Social Studies Center.
• Field trip to Maschmeier Buffalo Farm, Turpin OK.
• Participation in activities.
• Observation of skills.

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PART II. 3RD GRADE

• CREATED BY ELVA MORALES
• ElvaMorales_at_usd480,net

From http//www.FirstPeople.us
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3rd Grade Kansas History Standard

• Benchmark 3 (Geography)
• Indicator 1 The student uses a working knowledge
  and understands the spatial organization of
  Earths surface and relationships between people
  and places and physical and human environments in
  order to explain the interactions that occur in
  Kansas, the United States, and the world.

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Third Grade Goal

• The students will use a working knowledge
• and understanding of the impact the buffalo
• had on everyday life of the Plains during the
  1800s.
• Students will compare various ecosystems in the
  community. (e.g., locations and characteristics
  of plant and animal life.

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Important Vocabulary Words Students will go to
www.dictionary.com

• Buffalo
• Bison
• Herd
• Calf
• Horns

• 6. extinct
• Pemmican, jerky
• Travois
• plains

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What happened to them?

• The millions of bison who roamed the plains
  nearly became extinct. How many bison did there
  use to be? What happened to them?
• Resource Bison Bits 20, 22 (pictures)
• www.nickelbuffalo.com
• Return of the Buffalo by Jack Denton Scott
• Putnams Sons, New York. 1976

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More questions to be asked?

• What name did Plains Indians call them?
• What did the French explorers call them?
• Resource Bison Bits 31, and 41
• www.nickelbuffalo.com
• Return of the Buffalo by Jack Denton Scott
• G.P. Putnams Sons, New York. 1976

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Ways the bison were used

• for food for
  shelter
• for clothing for tools
• for weapons for medicine

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Bison was the supermarket of the plains.

• For class discussion
• 1. Name some of the ways that bison were used by
  Native Americans.
• 2. What stores would you have to shop at today to
  find all the products people used to get from
  bison?
• Resource www.nbabison.com

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Assignments

• Define vocabulary
• Using vocabulary words, create puzzles on the
  website www.puzzlemaker.com
• Listen to story The Baby Buffalo Who Thought He
  Was a Dog by Nancy Savage.
• Complete worksheets over story
• www.nickelbuffao.com
• Class will write an essay on an outline of a
  buffalo describing how building of homes and
  communities affected the buffalo.

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Activities

• Computer research on the buffalo.
• Check out supporting materials from the Kansas
  State Historical Society.
• Field trip to buffalo farm in Turpin, Oklahoma.
• ( Maschmeier Buffalo Farm)
• Measure the size of a bison with yardsticks and
  hang up bulletin board paper that size.
• (Male bison are 6 feet tall and 9-12 feet
  long.
• female was about 5 feet tall and 7-10 feet
  long.)

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THE END

• DEDICATED TO
• ONE OF THE
• LARGEST NATURAL
• ANIMALS OF
• NORTH AMERICA

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