EE 445 Industrial electronics course presentation

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EE 445Industrial electronicscourse presentation
An Introduction TO VLSI

• Ahmed Hamidaddin - 221836

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Introduction

• A top down view of computer usage components

Program/App.
Your Choice!
Manufactured practically using
High Level Language
ICS 103
VLSI
Assembly Language
EE 390
Microprocessor
EE 390
Digital Logic Blocks
EE 200
Transistors (MOSFETs BJTs)
EE 203
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VLSI?

• ICs are the basic block of electronic device
  design.
• They contain many transistors on one chip.
• Digital devices rely on digital logic.
• First half of 20th century ruled by vacuum tubes.
• The magical PN junction - 1939
• Transistor 1947, BJT 1949, TTL 1962,
• PMOS 60s, NMOS 70s,
• CMOS 80s surviving until nowadays.

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Evolution

• A logic block contains 2 transistors.
• You build your microprocessor using these blocks!

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Moores Law
K
1 Billion Transistors !!!
1,000,000
100,000
Pentium III
10,000
Pentium II
Pentium Pro
1,000
Pentium
i486
i386
100
80286
8086
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Source Intel
1
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Projected
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The PN Junction The Secret Recipe!
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MOSFET Retrospect
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CMOS Inverter
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CMOS Inverter Low Input
I
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CMOS Inverter Low Input
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CMOS Inverter High Input
1
I
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CMOS Inverter High Input
1
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CMOS NAND Gate
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CMOS NAND Gate
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CMOS NAND Gate
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CMOS NAND Gate
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Advantages of CMOS

• Very low power consumption.
• Rail-to-rail voltage.
• Modular design.
• Reliable and robust.

Choice of the industry!
Intel 4004 Intel Pentium 4
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One Main Challenge in CMOS

• Increasing temperature increases gate leakage
  current, or the current escaping through the gate
  oxide.

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Design Hierarchy
SYSTEM
MODULE

GATE
CIRCUIT
DEVICE
G
D
S
n
n
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Design Flowchart
System Requirements
Logic Design
VLSI Design and Layout
fail
Design Verification
pass
Fabrication/Synthesis
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Conclusion

• VLSI is a mature field of electrical and computer
  engineering that deals with semi-conductor
  properties to design patterns that form the
  building blocks to serve digital circuit design
  purposes.
• BiCMOS, ECL, TTL technologies currently used.
  Each has its own applications for its advantages.
• Serious VLSI research, design and cutting-edge
  manufacturing takes place in extremely
  sophisticated factories and labs (fabs).

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Thank YOU!

• I hope you enjoyed the presentation.
• I welcome any question.
• For more information visit
• http//lsiwww.epfl.ch/LSI2001/teaching/webcourse/t
  oc.html
• http//www.microelectronic.e-technik.tu-darmstadt.
  de/lectures/winter/vlsi/vlsi_vorlesung_ef.html
• http//bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/IcBook/