Sectionalism

1
Sectionalism

• US History

2
What is sectionalism?

• Sectionalism giving primary loyalty to a state
  or region rather than to the nation as a whole.

3
Setting the stage

• After 1812 War, an Era of Good Feeling emerged
  in the US.
• National harmony
• Political cooperation
• An example When Monroe ran for a 2nd term, he
  was unopposed and received all but 1 electoral
  vote.

4
Differences were looming

• Despite Good Feeling, regional differences of
  opinion emerged
• National debates over
• Power of the Central Government
• States Rights
• Slavery
• 40 years later, a Civil War.

5
Sectionalism emerges

• By late 1820s, sectionalism crushes the Era of
  Good Feeling
• Different life styles in the sections of the US
  became more pronounced after 1812 War because of
• Economic development
• Population shifts

N
W
S
6
Sectionalism Characteristics

• North
• Commercial economy
• Favored policies that protect industries from
  foreign competition.
• Increase trade.
• Provide a strong banking system.

7
Sectionalism Overview

• South
• Agricultural economy
• Increase cotton exports
• Short staple cotton thanks to Eli Whitneys
  cotton gin.
• Slavery perpetuated!
• Favored less interference from federal govt.

8
Sectionalism Overview

• West
• Agricultural economy
• Wanted federal protection
• Improve transportation.
• Against regulated banking.

9
Sectionalism The NorthWhat it wanted

• Favored bank of the US
• Favored protective tariffs (protect US industry)
• Favored increased immigration (more labor)
• Divided on territorial expansion.
• Favored road and canal projects.

10
Sectionalism The South

• Opposed a bank of the US.
• Opposed protective tariffs.
• Opposed new immigration.
• Favored territorial expansion.
• Opposed road and canal projects.

11
Sectionalism The West

• The West Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky,
  Illinois, Missouri.
• Opposed the bank of the US.
• Divided on the tariff issue.
• Favored increased immigration.
• Favored territorial expansion.
• Favored road and canal projects.

12
An example The Tariff Controversy

• In 1828, Congress passed a very high protective
  tariff.
• Southerners called it the Tariff of
  Abominations
• Purpose to protect infant Northern industries
  from foreign competition.

13
Tariff Controversy

• Northerners loved it!
• It lets them grow their industries.
• Southerners hated it!
• High rates increase cost of foreign manufactured
  goods in the South.
• Foreign nations will reciprocate (raise tariffs
  against Southern goods.)