COVALENT BONDS

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Chemical bonds

• 1- covalent bonds

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Covalent bond

• Definition A covalent bond is
• a bond formed by the sharing of a pair of
  electrons
• There are three types of covalent bonds
  
• - single bond
• - double bond
• - triple bond

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• about covalent bond
• - Formed between atoms of non-metals
• - Therere not conductors
• - stable non-ionizing particles

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• Single bond one pair of electrons is shared.
• Double bond two atoms share two pairs of
  electrons.

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• Triple bond two atoms share three pairs of
  electrons.
• Bond lengths
• Triple bond lt Double Bond lt Single Bond

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• Non polar covalent bonds A bond between
  two nonmetal atoms that have the same
  electronegativity and therefore have equal
  sharing of the bonding electron pair.

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• Polar Covalent Bond A bond between two nonmetal
  atoms that have different electronegativities and
  therefore have unequal sharing of the bonding
  electron pair.

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• Properties
• - exist as gases, liquids or solid.
• - bad conductor of electricity.
• - insoluble in polar solvent like water, but
  soluble in non-polar solvents like benzene.
• - low melting and boiling points.