Unmanned Aircraft Systems - UAS

1
Unmanned Aircraft Systems - UAS Enabling
Americas Next Generation of Aviation Vehicles

30th Annual FAA Aviation Forecast
Conference Washington, DC March 18, 2005
2
The trouble with the future is that it usually
arrives before were ready for it.

• Arnold H. Glasow

2
3
Creating the Future

• When asked, To what point do you think airplanes
  will be developed?
• There is no way of telling. Things are moving
  too fast. No one can predict where it will end.
• Orville Wright, January 1938 Celebration in his
  honor on the 34th anniversary of the first
  flight.

UASs are Experiencing Similar Growth as Early
Aviation
4
Two UAS Perspectives

• Viewed as a Disruptive Technology
• -or-
• A Positive Step in the Evolution of Aeronautics

Radar Jet propulsion GPS ?Unmanned flight?
5
A Glimpse of the Future A Part of the Aviation
Revolution Unlimited Applications

• Military/Security
• Defense
• Civil
• Defense
• Natural Disasters
• Humanitarian Relief
• Science
• Environment
• Weather Storm Tracking
• Commercial
• Wireless Communications
• Precision Agriculture
• Cargo Transport

Dull, Dirty, Dangerous Missions
6
Unmanned Aircraft System
A System Not limited to an Aircraft
Pilot
7
A Global ChallengeUAS Access to Civil Airspace

• Managing Expectations
• Domestic
• International
• Creating an Environment of Trust
• Making Positive Progress
• Making Communications and Collaborations
  Effective
• Outreach to Stakeholders

8
Potential Joint Civil/DoD/DHS UAS Operating
Environment
9
Special Use Airspace Flight Tracks
10
Global Hawk UAS Size Comparison
11
UAS Assumptions

• UAVs will need access to the NAS comparable to
  manned aircraft.
• DoD and DHS) will be first major UAS operators in
  the NAS.
• FAA must be alert to new challenges posed by
  small UAVs operating in increasing numbers at
  very low altitudes.
• FAA should lead discussions with foreign airspace
  authorities to ensure global airspace
  harmonization and interoperability.

Source UNTF Report 10-22-04
12
UAV Altitude/Classification
U-2
HAE
70K
Global Hawk
60K
Heron 2 Predator B
50K
Altitude
40K
30K
Medium
Heron 1 Predator A
20K
Eagle Eye, Fire scout, Hunter, Pioneer
10K
10
20
Tactical
30
Endurance (hours)
13
Significant Increases in UAV Operations inthe
National Airspace System are Inevitable

• Routine access into US civil managed airspace is
  necessary to fulfill operational and economic
  potential
• Significant increase in domestic UAS flight
  operations are feasible and expected
• UASs support societal needs, including security,
  defense and civil applications
• Technological advances will produce less
  expensive UASs
• Increasing public awareness and acceptance of
  UASs

Source UNTF Report 10-22-04
14
UAS Operations in the NAS

• High Altitude UASs will have Minimal Impact on
  Manned Aircraft Operations.
• Medium Altitude UASs Will Share the Same
  Airspace as Most Manned Civil Transports and
  Military Aircraft.
• Low Altitude UASs Will Share Airspace with
  Smaller Manned Aircraft, Including Helicopters.
• Large Numbers of Very Low Altitude UASs

Source UNTF Report 10-22-04
15
United States UAS Manufactures in 2002
16
Federal Aviation Act of 1958

• Directs FAA as the single manager of the
  National Airspace System (NAS) to develop and
  operate a common system of air traffic control
  and navigation for both civil and military
  aircraft.
• Control the use of navigable airspace of the US
  and regulate both civil and military operations
  in such airspace in the interest of the safety
  and efficiency of both.

17
Access 5 Partnership
AeroVironment Aurora Flight Sciences Boeing
General Atomics Northrop Grumman Lockheed Martin
www.access5.org
www.unitealliance.com
18
Fundamental Issues

• Programmatic
• Aircraft Airworthiness
• Civil Certification
• Aircraft
• Operators
• Air Traffic Management (ATM)
• Standards
• Regulatory
• Preservation of the Safety and Sanctity of the
  NAS
• FAA Acceptance
• ICAO Acceptance
• Political How to Manage the Transition
• U.S.
• International

19
Funded PlanFocus on Steps 1 and 2
Standard Certificate of Airworthiness
Certification
Special Airworthiness Certification
Current Funded Effort
STEP 4
Establish Type Certification Basis
STEP 3
Experimental Certification
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Through C, D, E
Airspace Emergency to ROA Airport
STEP 2
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Through C, D, E
Airspace
STEP 1
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Through
Restricted Airspace
Operations
Routine Operations Above FL 400 Through
Restricted Airspace
Achieve Routine Access in the NAS for HALE ROA
20
Overview of Activities in FY04

• Secured major funding commitment for Steps 1 and
  2
• 101 million by NASA 36 million by industry
• Fostered critical relationships for Project
  engagement
• Established vital relationships with government
  and current NAS users (e.g., FAA, DoD, DHS, JPDO,
  ALPA, AOPA, ATCA,NATCA)
• UNITE Companies NASA Sign Joint Sponsored
  Research Agreement - JSRA
• Participate on RTCA Special Committee 203/
• UAS Standards

21
RTCA Special Committee 203

• "RTCA has established Special Committee 203
  (SC-203) at the request of the Aircraft Owners
  and Pilots Association and the Federal Aviation
  Administration. The committee will initially
  focus on developing recommendations that will
  assure the safe operation of UAVs within the
  National Airspace System.

• Requested by AOPA
• Supported by the FAA
• Industry/Government Participation
• Manufacturers, operators, agencies

22
RTCA SC 203 Terms of Reference

• The initial Terms of Reference (TOR) for SC-203
  call for three initial products to be generated,
  as follows
• Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards
  (MASPS) for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
• Due date -- December 2005.
• MASPS for Command, Control and Communication (C3)
  Systems for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
• Due date -- June 2006.
• MASPS for Sense and Avoid (SA) Systems for
  Unmanned Aircraft Systems
• Due date -- December 2007.

23
RTCA Special Committee 203 Goals and Objectives

• Support Industrys and Governments desire to
  operate Unmanned Aircraft (UA) in the National
  Airspace System (NAS)
• Ensure Standards are developed that are useable
  in certifying UA systems, while maintaining
  safety and efficiency of the NAS.
• Ensure International continuity.

24
SUMMARY

• We have embarked on a historical project that
  will define the safe integration of UASs into
  the NAS
• We represent the rounded mix of necessary experts
  from industry, government and all segments of
  aviation that has been assembled to plan for this
  challenging task.
• This is a Global challenge

• We are the pioneers,
• it is up to us