CMPT 371 Data Communications and Networking - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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CMPT 371 Data Communications and Networking

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Title: CMPT 371 Data Communications and Networking


1
CMPT 371Data Communications and Networking
  • Fall 2004

2
Outline
  • Course information
  • What is network?
  • A brief introduction to the Internets
  • past
  • present
  • Summary

3
Course Information
  •  Instructor
  • Jiangchuan (JC) LIU Room 10826, Applied Science
    Building
  • E-mail jcliu_at_cs.sfu.caTel 604-291-4336 
  • Office Hours TBD (Wed afternoon ?)
  • E-mail is the best way to communicate with me
  • TA(s)
  • Zhengbing Bian ( zbian_at_cs.sfu.ca )

4
Course Information
  • Time Venue
  • Wednesday 1730-2020pm
  • RC Brown 8100
  • There will be one or two breaks

5
Course Information
  • Textbook
  • Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach
    Featuring the Internet, by Kurose and Ross
  • Reference books
  • Computer Networks,
  • 4/e by Andrew Tanenbaum
  • Data and Computer communications, 7th edition ,
    William Stallings, Prentice Hall, 2003
  • And more (see Web)
  • Resource
  • Home page
  • www.cs.sfu.ca/jcliu/cmpt371

6
Course Information
  • Textbook
  • Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach
    Featuring the Internet, by Kurose and Ross
  • Why using this book ?
  • New content this is a fast-changing area
  • But more important, new structure and target
  • Top-down
  • Featuring the Internet

7
What Are the Goals Of This Course?
  • Understand how Internet works
  • Its philosophy
  • Its protocols and mechanisms
  • Learn network programming
  • Have fun!
  • Are you happy with no Internet access in your
    life ?

8
What Will We Cover? (Tentative schedule)
  • Introduction (1.5 2 weeks)
  • Internet architecture and design philosophy
  • Applications (2-3 weeks)
  • HTTP, Email, DNS
  • transport services (2-3 weeks)
  • reliability congestion control transport
    protocols TCP/UDP
  • network services (2-3 weeks)
  • routing network protocols IP/IPv6
  • link and physical layers (2-3 weeks)
  • multiple access Ethernet, FDDI, hubs and bridges

9
What Do You Need To Do?
  • Your prerequisites
  • algorithms e.g. shortest path algorithms
  • programming C/C, Java
  • basic concepts of operating systems
  • Your workload
  • reading assignment for every lecture
  • homework assignments
  • 3 written assignments
  • 2 programming projects
  • one mid-term exam, and one final exam

10
Grading (tentative)
Written Homework 10
Programming work 15
Mid-term exam 30
Final exam 45
  • Class participation
  • More important is what you learn than the grades

11
Questions?
12
Outline
  • Course information
  • What is network?
  • A brief introduction to the Internets
  • past
  • present
  • Summary

13
Q What is Network?
  • Telephone network
  • Dialup
  • Local area network
  • Internet
  • Mobile phone

Nodes -- Interconnected
14
Why Internet ?
  • The most successful network
  • Open
  • Heterogeneous
  • Simple network, complex end-terminals
  • End-to-end argument
  • How about other networks?
  • Telephone
  • Mobile phone
  • Wireless LAN
  • Cable TV
  • IP convergence
  • And, about the authors of the text book

15
Course Information
  • Textbook
  • Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach
    Featuring the Internet, by Kurose and Ross
  • Reference books
  • Computer Networks,
  • 4/e by Andrew Tanenbaum
  • Data and Computer communications, 7th edition ,
    William Stallings, Prentice Hall, 2003

16
Motivation Communication
  • Need some common interface to communicate ?
    network protocol
  • A-gtB Hi
  • B-gtA Hi
  • A-gtB What time is it ?
  • B-gtA 100pm
  • What if no protocol
  • Woi kx ioa nio ?
  • _at_!gt?

17
An Example Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
  • Scenario
  • Email client Outlook, TheBat, NetscapeMail
  • Email server in Unix, Windows
  • Messages from a client to a mail server
  • HELO
  • MAIL FROM ltemail addressgt
  • RCPT TO ltemail addressgt
  • DATAltThis is the text (mail body) end with a
    line with a single .gt
  • QUIT
  • Messages from a mail server to a client
  • status code
  • 1xx - Informative message
  • 2xx - Command ok
  • 3xx - Command ok so far, send the rest of it.
  • 4xx - Command was correct, but couldn't be
    performed for some reason.
  • 5xx - Command unimplemented, or incorrect, or a
    serious program error occurred.
  • mail body

18
Internet Standardization Process
  • All standards of the Internet are published as
    RFC (Request for Comments)
  • but not all RFCs are Internet Standards !
  • available http//www.ietf.org
  • Till this morning RFC3099
  • A typical (but not the only) way of
    standardization
  • Internet draft
  • RFC
  • Proposed standard
  • Draft standard (requires 2 working
    implementations)
  • Internet standard (declared by Internet
    Architecture Board)

19
Internet Standardization Process
  • All standards of the Internet are published as
    RFC (Request for Comments)
  • but not all RFCs are Internet Standards !
  • available http//www.ietf.org
  • Till now RFC3866
  • A typical (but not the only) way of
    standardization
  • Internet draft
  • RFC
  • Proposed standard
  • Draft standard (requires 2 working
    implementations)
  • Internet standard (declared by Internet
    Architecture Board)

20
Outline
  • Course information
  • What is a network protocol?
  • A brief introduction to the Internets
  • past
  • present
  • Summary

21
A Brief History of the Internet
  • 1957
  • USSR launches Sputnik, US formed Advanced
    Research Projects Agency (ARPA) as a response
  • 1968
  • Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc. (BBN) was awarded
    Packet Switch contract to build Interface Message
    Processors (IMPs) for ARPANET

22
A Brief History of the Internet
  • 1969
  • ARPANET commissioned 4 nodes, 50kbps

23
Initial Expansion of the ARPANET
Dec. 1969
March 1971
July 1970
Apr. 1972
Sep. 1972
24
Multiple Networks
  • 1974 Initial design of TCP to connect multiple
    networks
  • 1986 NSF builds NSFNET as backbone, links 6
    supercomputer centers, 56 kbps this allows an
    explosion of connections, especially from
    universities
  • 1987 10,000 hosts
  • 1989 100,000 hosts WELCOME by Leonard
    Kleinrock

25
Web and Commercialization of the Internet
  • 1991 NSF lifts restrictions on the commercial
    use of the Net World Wide Web released
  • 1992 1 million hosts
  • Today backbones run at 10Gbps, 100s millions
    computers in 150 countries
  • Internet history and Timeline
  • http//www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/

26
Growth of the Internet in Terms of Number of
Hosts
  • Number of Hosts on the Internet
  • Aug. 1981 213
  • Oct. 1984 1,024
  • Dec. 1987 28,174
  • Oct. 1990 313,000
  • Jul. 1993 1,776,000
  • Jul. 1996 19,540,000
  • Jul. 2000 93,047,000
  • Jul. 2002 162,128,493

27
Internet Physical Infrastructure
Local/Regional ISP
BackboneNational ISP
Local/RegionalISP
  • Residential Access
  • Modem
  • DSL
  • Cable modem
  • Access to ISP, Backbone transmission
  • T1/T3, OC-3, OC-12
  • ATM, SONET, WDM
  • Internet Service Providers
  • Local/Regional/National
  • They exchange packets at Point of Presence (POP)
  • Campus network access
  • Ethernet
  • FDDI
  • Wireless

28
Local Access ADSL
  • Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
  • Telephone companys solution to last mile
    problem

29
Local Access Cable Modems
  • Fiber node 500 - 1K homes
  • Distribution hub 20K - 40 K homes
  • Regional headend 200 K - 400 K homes

30
ATT US Internet Backbone
From ATT web site.
31
Canadian 2G National Internet Backbone
From http//www.canarie.ca/canet4/connected/canet4
_map.html
32
ATT Global Backbone IP Network
From http//www.business.att.com
33
Web and Commercialization of the Internet
http//research.lumeta.com/ches/map/
34
Killer applications - FTP
35
Killer applications - Email
36
Killer applications WWW 1990-
37
Killer applications P2P 2000-
38
Killer applications- whats next ?
  • Media streaming (Internet TV)
  • E-commerce
  • Online game

39
Summary
  • Course information
  • Network nodes -gt interconnected
  • Protocol format and the order of messages
    exchanged, as well as the actions taken
  • Internet The past
  • started as ARPANET late 1960s
  • initial link bandwidth 50 kbps
  • number of hosts 4
  • Internet Current
  • number of hosts grows at an exponential speed
  • July 2002 was
    about 162 millions
  • backbone speed 10 Gbps

40
Practices
  • Log into a Unix machine (or Windows)
  • Read the manual of ping and traceroute, and try
    them on a machine
  • /bin/ping ltmachine_namegt
  • /usr/sbin/traceroute ltmachine_namegt
  • Look at the web sites of the routers you see
    through traceroute
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