Late 20th Century Immigration and The Graying of America

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Late 20th Century Immigration and The Graying of
America
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1965 Immigration and Nationality Act

• In 1965, Congress amended the Immigration and
  Nationality Act.
• abolished the national origins quota system
• capped immigration from Western Hemisphere
• raised the limit on immigration from rest of the
  world
• 10 of each quota for those with desirable
  ability
• 6 of each quota for those escaping persecution.
• 84 of each quota for people with family ties to
  citizens.
• immediate relatives, former Americans, and
  ministers enter in unlimited numbers.

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President Lyndon B. Johnson,Remarks at Signing
of the Immigration Bill (1965)
those wishing to immigrate to America shall be
admitted on the basis of their skills and their
close relationship to those already here.
the fact is that for over four decades the
immigration policy of the United States has been
twisted and has been distorted by the harsh
injustice of the national origins quota system.
It has been un-American in the highest
sense, because it has been untrue to the faith
that brought thousands to these shores even
before we were a country. We can now believe
that it will never again shadow the gate to the
American Nation with the twin barriers of
prejudice and privilege.
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1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act

• In 1986, Congress passed the Immigration Reform
  and Control Act
• temporary resident status to illegal aliens in
  the U.S. since before January 1, 1982.
• temporary residents could become permanent
  residents after 18 months.
• illegal aliens who in the U.S. for 3 years and
  worked 90 days annually agriculture could claim
  temporary resident status and could become
  permanent residents 3 years

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1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act

• 400 million per year for 2 years to the
  Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
• strengthened penalties for hiring illegal
  immigrants
• strengthened penalties for smuggling illegal
  immigrants
• reduced notice an employer must give to apply for
  a permit to hire foreign workers to decrease the
  need for illegal hiring.

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1990 Immigration Act

• In 1990, Congress passed the Immigration Act,
  approving a substantial increase in immigration.
• 700,000 new immigrants annually, up from 500,000
• continued to favor people with family members in
  the U.S.
• 55,000 "diversity visas" for countries from which
  few were emigrating
• 40,000 permanent job-related visas
• 65,000 temporary worker visas
• strengthened Border Patrol
• removed AIDS from illnesses making immigrant
  ineligible to enter

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The Rustbelt and the Sunbelt

• Manufacturing Belt became known as the Rust Belt
  by the 1970's, as manufacturing and heavy
  industry declined.
• Cities in the Rust belt were subject to
  unemployment, underemployment, and general out
  migration as jobs moved south and abroad.
• Sunbelt states the South profited from a booming
  agribusiness industry and California's Silicon
  Valley became the hub of the technology industry.
  
• As population in the Sunbelt increased, so did
  the region's political influence.

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Demographics
What were the largest age groups in 2000? What is
this generation often called?
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Demographics
What are the implications of a rapidly increasing
elderly population?
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Immigration Statistics
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Hispanic Population Statistics
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Citations Slide 2 http//usinfo.state.gov/usa/in
fousa/facts/factover/liberty2.jpg Slide 3
http//www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/Johnson/archives.hom/
speeches.hom/651003.asp Slide 4
http//www.myflorida.com/eog/notary_educate/refman
/Notary/html/Resident20alien20license2.GIF Slide
5 http//lilt.ilstu.edu/gmklass/COW/archive/ima
ges/Mar3101.gif Slide 6 http//www.state.gov/cms
_images/fy2005pah_perf_sg3_2a.jpg Slide 7
http//wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/31/3271
6/figures/DIVI712.jpg Slide 8
http//www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-12.pdf
Slide 9 http//aging.state.ny.us/news/gifs/Slid
e2.JPG Slide 10 http//www.census.gov/populatio
n/pop-profile/dynamic/RACEHO.pdfSlide 11
http//www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/dynam
ic/RACEHO.pdf Slide 12 http//imagecache2.allpos
ters.com/images/pic/JAG/03-PS11-10Diversity-Poste
rs.jpg