TEMS Training

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TEMS Training

• Jakarta, 16 Desember 2006

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Data Mentor

• Nama Andu Hanindyo
• Posisi Terakhir Drive Test dan IBS Engineer
• Spesialis In Building Solution, Drive Test
• Pengalaman Kerja
• - 2002-2006 Drive test engineer untuk
  Indosat, Telkomsel
• - 2005-2006 IBS Engineer untuk Telkomsel,
  site audit

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• INTRODUCTION
• whats TEMS
• TEMS as DRIVE TEST TOOLS
• drive testing highlight
• mode of drive test
• scan
• TEMS to see how the network runs
• the use
• what to see what to measure
• cases
• guidelines

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Introduction
WHATS TEMS
TEMS Test Mobile System Product by
ERICSSON Solution Tools for Wireless Network to
Plan, optimized, and expand their systems. A
Test tool use to read and control information
sent over the air Interface between the base
station and the mobile station in GSM /cellular
system. It can also used for radio coverage
measurement
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Introduction
WHATS TEMS
Network Monitoring
Product of TEMS

• TEMS Transmitter
• TEMS Light
• TEMS Indoor
• TEMS Investigation
• TEMS Deskcat
• TEMS Drive Tester
• TEMS Pocket

• TEMS CellPlanner
• TEMS LinkPlanner

• TEMS Automatic

Network Planning

• TEMS Automatic
• TEMS CellSight
• TEMS Visualization

Real Time Diagnosis
Network Performance Management
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Introduction
WHATS TEMS
7
Introduction
WHATS TEMS
TEMS
TEMS INVESTIGATION
Software
Handset
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Introduction
WHATS TEMS

• TEMS Investigation version
• TEMS Classic/98 SH888 post process with
  3rd-party-s/w
• TEMS 2 R230 post process with 3rd-party-s/w
• TEMS 3 R520 post process with 3rd-party-s/w
• TEMS 4 T68 export from TEMS
• TEMS 5 T610 export from TEMS
• TEMS 6 various handset data collection
  route analysis
• TEMS 7 various handset data collection
  route analysis

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As Drive Test Tools
DRIVE TESTING HIGHLIGHTS
Drive Test Testing the network in particular
area to give the real picture of the
networks performance on the field, with a
certain tools.
Drive Test
Michael pipikakis Evaluating and Improving The
Quality of Service of Second Generation Cellular
System September,2004
Optimization
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As Drive Test Tools
DRIVE TESTING HIGHLIGHTS
Drive test
TEMS
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As Drive Test Tools
DRIVE TESTING HIGHLIGHTS
Drive Test Equipments
Notes -power supply needed, usually using
inverter in the car from laptop, GPS and MS -GPS
should use external antenna -MS can use external
antenna or not use external antenna. (Use
external antenna means measure RxLevel
Pedestrian / Street Level) (Not use external
antenna means measure RxLevel In car level) -gt
more realistic result If using scenario not
external antenna, MS position should be carefully
chosen and stable during drive test
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As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST

1. Dedicated / Continuous / Long Call Mode

Making continuous call along drive test activity.
Before starting the route, call the drive test
number, ex. 199 for Telkomsel, And only stop the
call when the route (drive test) finish.
To see the quality and coverage of the network
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As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST

1. Idle Mode

Along the drive test activity, the MS is ON but
no call occur
To see the coverage of the network
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As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST

1. Sequential / Qos / Short Call Mode

Creating the sequence of call along the drive
test activity
Before starting the route create call sequence,
for example Create call for 70 s and idle for 10
s. Along the drive test, play this sequence until
the route is finished
To see the real network performance run, when
people call
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As Drive Test Tools
SCAN

• one of TEMS feature
• scan all or selected frequencies on the selected
  spot or route
• to find the clearest frequency

• Application of frequency plan
• to find the best frequency to be use in the site
• to identify interference adjacent channel and co
  channel

Clean Frequency
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To See How the Network Runs
THE USE

• In PLANNING works
• Drive Test Before Installation
• Perform drive test before our network
  implemented. This data later will be compared
  with drive test after implementation, to justify.
• Drive Test Before SWAP
• Before swap (change operator network), drive
  testing needed to compare the current network
  with the network after swap. To justify the new
  network is better than before.
• Drive Test Benchmarking
• Drive test the whole area for the whole active
  networks, before our network implemented. So
  when our network implemented, can be competed
  well.
• etc

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To See How the Network Runs
THE USE

• In Implementation Works
• Drive Test New Site/ Initial Drive Test
• Initiate the drive test after a site on-air.
  Make sure that site perform well after on-air.
• Test Call New Site
• Conducting tests call at a new On-Air site, to
  justify the performance of a site just after
  On-Air.
• Drive Test Upgrade/Expand TRX
• After implement new TRX or expand TRX, a drive
  test performed to justify that site working well
  with the new TRX.
• Drive Test SFH/Hopping implementation
• After implement SFH/hopping in the network, a
  drive test performed to justify that this hopping
  solution working well with the whole network.
• etc

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To See How the Network Runs
THE USE

• In Optimization works
• Drive Test Handover/ Add Delete neighbors
• Drive test conducted after theres changing in
  neighbours database. Make sure the add really
  added and the delete really deleted.
• Drive Test before after Downtilt
• Downtilt conducting, to get better coverage from
  each antenna. Drive test performed to make sure
  the better coverage from each angle changed.
• Drive Test Network Audit
• Performing drive test activity to maintain the
  whole network. Could be an annual work.
• Drive Test Benchmark
• performing drive test to get justification about
  our network. Can compete or not. With comparing
  the whole network including 'us in drive test.
• Drive Test troubleshooting
• Drive test for special troubleshooting case.
  Such as, a site that cannot handover from sites
  surround it, a site that cannot transmit good
  signal and cannot achieve its coverage.
• etc,

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• How TEMS works?
• Several measurement is only available and
  recorded in idle mode (C1,C2 etc)
• Several measurement is only available and
  recorded in dedicated mode (RxQual, SQI, FER etc)
• This is happen because of GSM system
  network works, not because setting in TEMS
• There are several option/feature can be
  activated by user (force handover, lock handover
  etc) which change TEMS measurement behavior
• IMPORTANT NOTICE
• In GSM network there are a lot of
  parameters which change the network behavior, it
  is make the network very flexible.
• Due to this reason, TEMS has ability to
  monitor network with parameters on (FULL mode)
  and with parameters off (SUB mode) for such as
  RxLev and RxQual.

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• When using FULL measurement result?
• Whenever we want to see BTS parameters
  settings works at live network
• DTX off
• When using SUB measurement result ?
• Whenever we want to see BTS works without
  parameters
• DTX on
• How TEMS measure FULL or SUB measurement?
• TEMS record both SUB and FULL measurement
  at the same time and at the same log files, it is
  just need to set what we wan to see in replay
  mode.

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To See How the Network Runs
WHAT TO SEE WHAT TO MEASURE
Parameters to See
1. RxLevel Level of Received signal strength. In
dBm or Steps. If the value in form of step
substract 110 to the value to get dBm value.
RxLevel is received power level at MS (maximum
RxLevel measured by MS is () 40 dBm
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2. RxQual Received signal quality level,
measured base on BER (bit error rate). The
value is between 0-7, the lower the better.
Better
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• 3. SQI
• The parameter used by TEMS to measure Speech
  Quality.
• SQI has been designed to cover all factors that
  RxQual lack to measure.
• SQI computation considers the factors
• the bit error rate (BER)
• the frame erasure rate (FER)
• data on handover events
• statistics on the distribution of these
  parameters

Better
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To See How the Network Runs
WHAT TO SEE WHAT TO MEASURE

• 4. Others
• FER
• Frame erasure rate
• BCCH-BSIC
• Hopping
• SFH
• C/I
• Interference
• TA
• Time Advance
• C1
• Path loss criterion parameter
• C2

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• 4. Others
• FER ? Frame erasure rate See on Radio
  Parameter windows
• ARFCN BCCH-BSIC ? Absolute Radio Frequency
  Channel Number of Broadcast Control Channel.
• ? Base Station Identity Code
• ? Important data of a site
• Hopping ? Indicating if SFH implemented. See on
  Current Channel windows, on hopping channel,
  hopping frequencies, MAIO, HSN
• C/I
• ? The carrier-over-interference ratio is
  the ratio between the signal strength of the
  current serving cell and the signal strength of
  undesired (interfering) signal components. The
  C/I measurement function built into TEMS
  Investigation enables the identification of
  frequencies that are exposed to particularly high
  levels of interference, something which comes in
  useful in the verification and optimization of
  frequency plans.
• TA
• ? Timing Advance. Valid only in dedicated
  mode. To measure the distance of MS from
  serving cell. Valid only in dedicated mode. See
  on Radio Parameter windows.
• C1 ? criteria used for cell selection and cell
  reselection

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To See How the Network Runs
CASES
The examples of How Drive Test can see a Network
runs.
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To See How the Network Runs
CASES

• BTS Down
• Get in to the site (whether its new or
  existing), then see on TEMS display,
• At parameters BCCH, BSIC. If the intended sites
  BCCH doesnt appear, the site is Down
• If we dont have the site data. We can go the
  exact position of the site, near/under the
  antenna.
• Then see if on the serving cell, the Rxlev is
  good ( above -60 dBm)

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To See How the Network Runs
CASES
2. Handover

• We need to check the handover between sector1 of
  Site A to sector3 of Site B.
• We start at the Site A. Check the parameters on
  TEMS. Make sure the serving cell now
• Is from the sector1 of site A. See the neighbour,
  if the sector3 of site B appear.
• Start the drive test, with dedicated mode, to
  site B sector3 (specified the route first).
• The handover should be occur along this drive
  test. If its not, note this as a problem.
• See any possibility of the problem, such as
• the neighbour not appear, possibility havent
  been created
• theres other site between
• theres obstacle
• Then do the opposite, start from sector3 Site B
  to sector1 Site A.

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To See How the Network Runs
CASES
3. Swap Feeder
Theres a possibility that we have bad
installation, for example swap feeder. Swap
feeder occur when the installation switch by
mistake, for example the feeder to sector1 Became
to sector 2, from BTS. We can see this from drive
test. For example, we have a site with 2 sectors,
with a road in front it, to be covered. We should
have the data of this site, such as the BCCH of
each sectors. We start the drive test from
sector 1 to sector 2. While were on sector1
coverage, see if the BCCH of serving cell is the
correct one, according to the data we have. And
do the opposite from sector 2 coverage to sector1
sect2
sect1
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To See How the Network Runs
CASES
4. Overshoot
When we get the signal from the site that not
close to the current area drive test. Usually we
get bad RxQual and long/bigger TA. We can suspect
this as a overshoot case. This case happen when a
site/cell is serving far away from its area.
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Guidelines

• Drive Test Types
• Drive Test Continuous Route
• Drive Test is walk/ drive along the route
  non stop
• Hot Spots Measurement
• Drive Test only at certain spot (usually
  critical point), TEMS standing still, no movement
  for 1-5 minutes but still recording.
• Usually for scanning frequency or to
  investigate more detailed network behaviour

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Guidelines

• Drive Test Guideline
• Preparation
• Dont go to the field without a good
  preparation. Prepare the tools completeness,
  maps, cars, scenarios, sites data, knowing area
  we are heading to.
• Check Tools
• Beside checking the tools completeness. Also
  check each tools if its working well, such as
  the GPS, inverter, handset, including SIM card.
• Some Rules
• - Avoid to have the same route twice, or go on
  the same road twice.
• - Beware of certain area, such as restricted
  area, one way street, traffic jam streets.
• - Create simple/effective way of scenarios,
  where to start until finishing the route.
• - Good cooperation with driver.
• - Make sure the roads on the route, can
  represent the whole network as samples.
• Pay Attention
• Even if were only collecting data, we must
  focus on our activity. Avoid the things that can
  make us re-drive test , such as, data cable
  unplugged from its MS, forget to turn-off the
  GPRS mode when we dont need GPRS to measure, run
  out GPS batteries, forget to record, forget the
  purpose of the drive test, assure the data
  collected is right, pay attention of car speed,
  create notes for special events, etc.
• Reporting and Analysis
• TEMS can divided as two, data collection and
  analysis. After drive test on the field, we must
  provide data to be analyze and reported. Make
  sure we can create a good report and analyze
  well, by performing all of the points above.

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Guidelines

• Reporting Guidelines
• Drive test report basically can be divided as
  two Plot and Statistic.

BCCH 59
logfile floor RxLevel Average RxQual Data
      0
BRI1 1 -65.12706271 93
BRI2 2 -58.26292629 98
BRI3 3 -57.53480663 87
Statistics
Plot
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• Before we can create the report, make sure we
  have the right standard for each value reported.
  Such as how many ranges the treshold of RxLevel,
  and RxQual. The color ranges of SQI and FER, etc.
• Export the right data for Plotting. To create
  Plot report, for example we need the logfile to
  be mapinfo files. Make sure we have TEMS 4 above,
  that can directly export the logfile into mapinfo
  file. Or, if we have TEMS 3 below, make sure we
  have third-party software that can create it,
  such as GIMS.

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• For statistic report, usually we only need the
  excel file and some of mapinfo data.
• Each version of TEMS investigation can export
  the logfile into text file, .fmt. This
• format can open , and manage with Microsoft
  Excel.
• 5. Following the standard report of the
  customers.

Ms id TIME FRAME POSITION MESSAGE TYPE HEXADECIMAL STRING
LAT LON
MS1 1541.7 2609056 S 0000.0240 E 00000.0314 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0F 0F 25 06 21 00 05 F4 30 A2 DB CC 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B
MS1 1543.1 2609362 S 0000.0240 E 00000.0318 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0F 0F 15 06 21 00 01 F0 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B
MS1 1544.5 2609668 S 0000.0240 E 00000.0319 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 3 0F 0F 4D 06 24 00 30 C3 AC 76 30 C2 33 8E 30 C3 0F AF 30 C3 16 3E 83 2B 2B
MS1 1545.9 2609975 S 0000.0240 E 00000.0322 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0F 0F 41 06 21 00 05 F4 30 C3 9B 1A 17 05 F4 30 C3 AD 45 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B
MS1 1546.1 2610013 S 0000.0239 E 00000.0322 IDLE MODE REPORT 0E CF E2 00 0C D0 56 10 4D DA 0F CB D7 10 09 DA 0E 88 00 0F 46 80
MS1 1547.3 2610281 S 0000.0239 E 00000.0327 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0F 0F 25 06 21 00 05 F4 30 C2 D0 1B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B
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Layer 3 Messages

• To Monitor the event and signaling sent and
  received by Phone
• List Messages of event and signaling

• Often use in analysis, after Drive Test
• completed
• -Replay the logfile, click a point on the
• route marker on map window,
• then see on layer 3 messages windows,
• detailed information on the
• associated messages appears in this window
• -Can double-click each list message from
• that window to open a new window
• displaying the full contents of the message.

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Scanning Function inside TEMS
TEMS Investigation supports scanning of radio
frequency carriers (channels), using either a
ordinary TEMS mobile station or a dedicated
frequency scanner mobile, the TEMS Scanner.
Scanning is handled from the Frequency Scanner
window, and here the output of the scan is
displayed, too
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Scanning Function inside TEMS
BCCH BSIC Average Rx Level (dBm)
51 35 -104
52 - -115
53 26 -110
54 - -114
55 - -105
56 - -115
57 26 -111
58 - -114
59 - -115
60 - -115
61 - -111
62 - -113
63 - -115
64 - -115
65 - -115
66 15 -110
67 - -114
68 - -114
69 - -114
70 - -114
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Scanning Function inside TEMS Procedure
In the Frequency Scanner window, choose the unit
to use as scanner in the combo box. Click the
Measurement Settings button. The channel
selection is handled from the Scanned channels
tab

• Selecting Channels

Checking "Decode BSIC" causes the Base Station
Identity Code to be decoded. It will be shown in
the table to the right in the Frequency Scanner
window
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Scanning Function inside TEMS

• Performing Scan
• Presenting Scan

To start scanning, click the Start Scanning
button. While the scanning is going on, the
status bar shows the padlock symbol ,
indicating that the scanner is busy. To stop
scanning, click the Stop Scanning button.

• Bar Chart
• Line Chart
• Table

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BCCH BSIC Average Rx Level (dBm)
51 35 -104
52 - -115
53 26 -110
54 - -114
55 - -105
56 - -115
57 26 -111
58 - -114
59 - -115
60 - -115
61 - -111
62 - -113
63 - -115
64 - -115
65 - -115
66 15 -110
67 - -114
68 - -114
69 - -114
70 - -114
Scanning Function inside TEMS

• After Process / Report

• Plot
• Spreedsheet

• Directly capture
• Export to Mapinfo

• Export to text (.fmt), open and process with
  Excel spreedsheet

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HINTS for MS

• Life time MS measurement equipment maximum 1
  year, if more than 1 year need to be re-calibrate
• Calibration MSs cost almost the same price buy a
  new one
• Ericsson only support 2 version below for
  re-calibrate (eq latest version is TEMS 7.0,
  means only can re-calibrate handset at version 5)
• If MS not calibrated or buy a new one, it will
  impact into the measurement (such as RxLevel and
  RxQual) will reduced and not valid gt KPI will
  not achived
• TEMS always have bugs (even latest version) both
  coming from software or from type MS itself, need
  knowledge to anticipated it (such as wrong
  RxLevel recorded)

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HINTS for PC/Laptop

• PC which use for TEMS should turn off any usage
  of COM, IR, bluetooth, Wi-Fi,
• any accessories attached at PC should be turn
  off, set PC into Maximum Performance at
  Control Panel-System
• Slow PC, low memory, low HD capacity will make MS
  disconnected suddenly when TEMS use for a long
  time, same things happened if the battery of
  PC/laptop is too hot
• Turn off power saving feature in the laptop/PC
• Turn off screen saver
• It would be better drive test laptop is only for
  do drive test not for daily routine

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HINTS for Drive Test

• Make sure all connections cable at TEMS system is
  tight, as well external antenna
• For indoor drive test, MS position is very
  crucial because some MS location can increase
  body loss or other losses (such as MS put behind
  laptop or put MS near body)
• Avoid doing drive test at busy hour especially
  will increase loss (eq a lot of people in the
  mall will increase body loss, a lot of car in the
  basement, traffic jam)
• For 3G drive test, more user using 3G will
  reduce quality, do drive test at low traffic is
  essential
• Drive test indoor need constant speed walk test
  (idle mode slower than dedicated mode)
• Drive test outdoor should be constant and not to
  fast ( max 40 km/h inner city and max 60 km/h
  outer city)
• Drive test recorded more than once at the same
  route (if possible) because it always given
  result slightly different. Take the best one as a
  report
• Result Drive Test route for outdoor drive test
  should be ignored when drive test route inside
  tunnel, on top of fly over road, below fly over
  road, bridge. Pay attention that GPS cant work
  well if no LOS into the sky

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Reference

• Ericsson.com/tems
• Michael Pipikakis, Evaluating and Improving The
  Quality of Service of Second Generation Cellular
  System, September,2004
• TEMS Investigation 4.0 Manual
• TEMS Investigation 2.03 Manual
• TEMS Investigation 7.0 Product Description

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END